lOMoARcPSD|27929433
MEDICATION AND
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FLASHCARDS FOR
PHARMACOLOGY
, lOMoARcPSD|27929433
Generic: Sumatriptan Brand name: Imitrex Generic: Acetaminophen Brand name: Tylenol
Classification: Serotonin receptor agonist Classification: Non-opioid analgesic
Therapeutic use: Treatment of acute migraine and cluster headaches Therapeutic use: Treatment of mild pain and fever
Action: causes vasoconstriction of large intracranial arteries Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis that may serve as mediators of pain and
fever, primarily in the CNS
Safe dosage: PO- 25mg ID, may increase to 100mg q2h max (300mg/day)
SC- 6mgq1h(mx 12mg q 24h) Safe dosage: PO- 325-650mg PO Q 4-6 Hr Do not exceed 3g per/day
Nasal- 5-20mg in one nostril q2h (max 40mg q 24h)
Onset Peak Duration Onset Peak Duration
30 min PO/SC 2-4h up to 24h 30-60 minutes 1-3 hours 3-8 hours
60 min nasal
Patient teaching: long term use can cause liver damage. Many OTC's contain
Patient teaching: should only be used during migraine attack; used for relief acetaminophen, do not use longer then 10 days, avoid alcohol, if not effective
not prophylaxis. Advise of adverse reactions and administration technique seek medical care
Adverse reactions: Dizziness, vertigo, MI, tingling, warm sensation, injection Adverse reactions: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation
site reaction
Contraindications: Renal impairment, alcohol abuse
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, ischemic heart disease, Prinzmetal’s
angina, uncontrolled HTN, concurrent MAOI therapy Precautions : do not take more then 3 grams per 24 hours
Precautions : History of CV disease, child bearing potential, pregnancy, Interactions: Increased risk of bleeding with warfarin, NSAID's, ibuprofen
lactation, children < 18y
Nursing Implications: Complete pain assessment, monitor BP, temperature, OTC
Interactions: ergotamine, lithium, MAOI, SSRI use
Nursing Implications: Complete pain assessment, monitor BP one hr. before Why this patient takes this medication: frequent migraines, pains and aches
and 1 hr. after initial SC injection and fever
Why this patient takes this medication: frequent migraines not responsive to
OTC medication treatment
.
, lOMoARcPSD|27929433
Patient teaching: take medication as directed. Avoid alcohol or other CNS Unknown unknown unknown
depressants. Report suicidal thoughts IMMEDIATELY
Patient teaching: side effects of hypercalcemia and extra calcium should be
avoided. taken with or without meal take as directed
Adverse reactions: seizures, abnormal dreams, anxiety, dizziness, headache, Adverse reactions: constipation, bloating, milk-alkali syndrome, rebound
NV, worsening depression, weakness, abdominal pain hyperacidity
Contraindications: MAOI or MAO-like drugs Contraindications: severe renal disease
Precautions: hypertension, hepatic impairment, impaired renal function, Precautions: report all calcium supplements and calcium-fortified food, too
history of mania, seizures or neuro impairment much calcium causes hypercalcemia
Interactions: concurrent use with MAOIs MAO-like drugs (linezolid or Interactions: blood pressure medications, synthetic thyroid hormones,
methylene blue, Alcohol, NSAIDs, aspirin, clopidogrel, warfarin, St. Johns wort bisphosphonates, antibiotics and calcium channel blockers
Nursing Implications: Assess mental status and mood changes, assess suicidal Nursing Implications: assess lab values, diet and overall health status. Report
tendencies, Assess for Serotonin syndrome. any signs and symptoms of hyper/hypocalcemia, constipation, hyperacidity
Why this patient takes this medication: Depression Why this patient takes this medication: calcium imbalance, indigestion,
heartburn
, lOMoARcPSD|27929433
Generic: Acetylsalicylic Acid Brand name: Aspirin Generic: Warfarin Brand name: Coumadin
Classification: Antipyretics, non-opioid analgesic, anti-platelet aggregator Classification: Anticoagulant
Therapeutic use: Reduction of inflammation, reduction of fever. Decreased Therapeutic use: Prophylaxis and treatment of: venous thrombosis, pulmonary
incidence of transient ischemic attacks and MI embolism, atrial fibrillation with embolization. Management of myocardial
infarction.
Action: Produce analgesia and reduce inflammation and fever by inhibiting the
production of prostaglandins. Decreases platelet aggregation. Keeps blood thin Action: Interferes with hepatic synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors
to prevent blood clots thus preventing emboli and thrombosis – prevents clotting
Safe dosage: 325-1000mg once daily Safe dosage: 2-5 mg/day for 2-4 days
Onset Peak Duration Onset Peak Duration
5-30 minutes 1-2 hours 1-4 Hours Within 24 hours 4 hours 2-5 days
Patient teaching: Instruct patient to take salicylate with a full glass of water. Do Patient teaching: Review foods high in vitamin K (can reverse effects of med)
not crush or chew enteric coated tablets. green leafy vegetables. Advise to report any signs of bleeding or bruising, do not
drink alcohol
Adverse reactions: Tinnitus, GI bleeding, dyspnea, nausea, dermatitis, Adverse reactions: Abnormal bleeding such as nose bleeds, bleeding gums,
anaphylaxis, agitation, dizziness black and tarry stools, tea-colored urine, nausea, cramps.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to aspirin or other salicylates; Cross- Contraindications: Uncontrolled bleeding, open wounds, recent brain, eye, or
sensitivity with other NSAIDs may exist (less with non-aspirin salicylates); spinal injury or surgery, uncontrolled hypertension, liver or kidney disease
Bleeding disorders or thrombocytopenia.
Precautions: history of ulcer or liver disease, women in child bearing potential
Precautions: History of GI bleeding or ulcer disease; Chronic alcohol use/
abuse; Severe hepatic or renal disease Interactions: Androgens, thrombolytic, sulfonamides, NSAIDS, chronic use of
acetaminophen
Interactions: May increase the risk of bleeding with warfarin, heparin and
other NSAIDs Nursing Implications: Signs of bleeding and hemorrhage. Monitor PT/INR.
Nursing Implications: Assess pain and limitation of movement, assess for Why this patient takes this medication: to prevent blood coagulation, prevent
bleeding, monitor bloodwork embolism and thrombosis.
Why this patient takes this medication: to decrease platelet aggregation
MEDICATION AND
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FLASHCARDS FOR
PHARMACOLOGY
, lOMoARcPSD|27929433
Generic: Sumatriptan Brand name: Imitrex Generic: Acetaminophen Brand name: Tylenol
Classification: Serotonin receptor agonist Classification: Non-opioid analgesic
Therapeutic use: Treatment of acute migraine and cluster headaches Therapeutic use: Treatment of mild pain and fever
Action: causes vasoconstriction of large intracranial arteries Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis that may serve as mediators of pain and
fever, primarily in the CNS
Safe dosage: PO- 25mg ID, may increase to 100mg q2h max (300mg/day)
SC- 6mgq1h(mx 12mg q 24h) Safe dosage: PO- 325-650mg PO Q 4-6 Hr Do not exceed 3g per/day
Nasal- 5-20mg in one nostril q2h (max 40mg q 24h)
Onset Peak Duration Onset Peak Duration
30 min PO/SC 2-4h up to 24h 30-60 minutes 1-3 hours 3-8 hours
60 min nasal
Patient teaching: long term use can cause liver damage. Many OTC's contain
Patient teaching: should only be used during migraine attack; used for relief acetaminophen, do not use longer then 10 days, avoid alcohol, if not effective
not prophylaxis. Advise of adverse reactions and administration technique seek medical care
Adverse reactions: Dizziness, vertigo, MI, tingling, warm sensation, injection Adverse reactions: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation
site reaction
Contraindications: Renal impairment, alcohol abuse
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, ischemic heart disease, Prinzmetal’s
angina, uncontrolled HTN, concurrent MAOI therapy Precautions : do not take more then 3 grams per 24 hours
Precautions : History of CV disease, child bearing potential, pregnancy, Interactions: Increased risk of bleeding with warfarin, NSAID's, ibuprofen
lactation, children < 18y
Nursing Implications: Complete pain assessment, monitor BP, temperature, OTC
Interactions: ergotamine, lithium, MAOI, SSRI use
Nursing Implications: Complete pain assessment, monitor BP one hr. before Why this patient takes this medication: frequent migraines, pains and aches
and 1 hr. after initial SC injection and fever
Why this patient takes this medication: frequent migraines not responsive to
OTC medication treatment
.
, lOMoARcPSD|27929433
Patient teaching: take medication as directed. Avoid alcohol or other CNS Unknown unknown unknown
depressants. Report suicidal thoughts IMMEDIATELY
Patient teaching: side effects of hypercalcemia and extra calcium should be
avoided. taken with or without meal take as directed
Adverse reactions: seizures, abnormal dreams, anxiety, dizziness, headache, Adverse reactions: constipation, bloating, milk-alkali syndrome, rebound
NV, worsening depression, weakness, abdominal pain hyperacidity
Contraindications: MAOI or MAO-like drugs Contraindications: severe renal disease
Precautions: hypertension, hepatic impairment, impaired renal function, Precautions: report all calcium supplements and calcium-fortified food, too
history of mania, seizures or neuro impairment much calcium causes hypercalcemia
Interactions: concurrent use with MAOIs MAO-like drugs (linezolid or Interactions: blood pressure medications, synthetic thyroid hormones,
methylene blue, Alcohol, NSAIDs, aspirin, clopidogrel, warfarin, St. Johns wort bisphosphonates, antibiotics and calcium channel blockers
Nursing Implications: Assess mental status and mood changes, assess suicidal Nursing Implications: assess lab values, diet and overall health status. Report
tendencies, Assess for Serotonin syndrome. any signs and symptoms of hyper/hypocalcemia, constipation, hyperacidity
Why this patient takes this medication: Depression Why this patient takes this medication: calcium imbalance, indigestion,
heartburn
, lOMoARcPSD|27929433
Generic: Acetylsalicylic Acid Brand name: Aspirin Generic: Warfarin Brand name: Coumadin
Classification: Antipyretics, non-opioid analgesic, anti-platelet aggregator Classification: Anticoagulant
Therapeutic use: Reduction of inflammation, reduction of fever. Decreased Therapeutic use: Prophylaxis and treatment of: venous thrombosis, pulmonary
incidence of transient ischemic attacks and MI embolism, atrial fibrillation with embolization. Management of myocardial
infarction.
Action: Produce analgesia and reduce inflammation and fever by inhibiting the
production of prostaglandins. Decreases platelet aggregation. Keeps blood thin Action: Interferes with hepatic synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors
to prevent blood clots thus preventing emboli and thrombosis – prevents clotting
Safe dosage: 325-1000mg once daily Safe dosage: 2-5 mg/day for 2-4 days
Onset Peak Duration Onset Peak Duration
5-30 minutes 1-2 hours 1-4 Hours Within 24 hours 4 hours 2-5 days
Patient teaching: Instruct patient to take salicylate with a full glass of water. Do Patient teaching: Review foods high in vitamin K (can reverse effects of med)
not crush or chew enteric coated tablets. green leafy vegetables. Advise to report any signs of bleeding or bruising, do not
drink alcohol
Adverse reactions: Tinnitus, GI bleeding, dyspnea, nausea, dermatitis, Adverse reactions: Abnormal bleeding such as nose bleeds, bleeding gums,
anaphylaxis, agitation, dizziness black and tarry stools, tea-colored urine, nausea, cramps.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to aspirin or other salicylates; Cross- Contraindications: Uncontrolled bleeding, open wounds, recent brain, eye, or
sensitivity with other NSAIDs may exist (less with non-aspirin salicylates); spinal injury or surgery, uncontrolled hypertension, liver or kidney disease
Bleeding disorders or thrombocytopenia.
Precautions: history of ulcer or liver disease, women in child bearing potential
Precautions: History of GI bleeding or ulcer disease; Chronic alcohol use/
abuse; Severe hepatic or renal disease Interactions: Androgens, thrombolytic, sulfonamides, NSAIDS, chronic use of
acetaminophen
Interactions: May increase the risk of bleeding with warfarin, heparin and
other NSAIDs Nursing Implications: Signs of bleeding and hemorrhage. Monitor PT/INR.
Nursing Implications: Assess pain and limitation of movement, assess for Why this patient takes this medication: to prevent blood coagulation, prevent
bleeding, monitor bloodwork embolism and thrombosis.
Why this patient takes this medication: to decrease platelet aggregation
