Music appreciation chapters 1-11 Latest 2023 Already Passed

Music appreciation chapters 1-11 Latest 2023 Already Passed Melody Tune (group of notes in succession perceived as a whole note) Range Lowest to highest note (distance between) Contour Shape of melody Interval Distance between 2 notes (or pitches) Conjunct Connected intervals Disjunct Disconnected intervals Phrase Unit of melody in a large structure Countermelody Against the melody Rhythm Movement of music in time. Propels the music forward Beat Unit of rhythm (or time) Duple meter 2 (ONE two, ONE two) Triple meter 3 (ONE two three, ONE two three) Quadruple meter 4 (ONE two three four, ONE two three four) Harmony Simultaneous combination of sound. More than one sound together Chord At least 3 notes. Are sounded together Triad Combination of 3 notes Scale Sequence of pitches. Series of ascending or descending notes that comprise of a particular key Tonic First note of a scale. Home base of the scale Tonality The principle of organization around the tonic Consonance The notes or harmony sound pleasing Dissonance The notes or harmony sound unpleasing Octave Interval spanning 8 notes of the scale Half step Smallest interval. One note to the next Chromatic scale All 12 notes from one octave to next Sharp (#) Raises note a half-step Flat (like a b) Lowers note a half-step C major CDEFGAB(C) C minor CDEbFGAbBb(C) Whole step Two half steps Texture Interweaving of the melodic lines with harmony Monophonic One voice or sound, one line of music Polyphonic 2 or more melodic line Homophony Melody with harmonic accompaniment. Same rhythm (homorhythmic) Canon A strictly imitative piece of music Round Perpetual canon in which each voice enters separately and can be repeated endlessly (row row row your boat) Form Organization principle of music Strophic form Same melody repeated; Different text (lyrics) Improvisation Composing spontaneously in the piece Binary form AB Ternary ABA Tempo The rate of speed of music Different speeds of tempo (from slowest to quickest) Grave, largo, adagio, andante, moderato, allegro, vivace, presto Dynamics Volume Different dynamics (from softest to loudest) Pianissimo, piano, mezzo piano, mezzo forte, forte, fortissimo Crescendo Get louder Decrescendo Get softer Sforzando A "forcing" accent Timbre Quality of the sound of a voice or instrument. Size and shape of instrument matter Saprano Highest range (women and children) Alto Next to highest range (women and children) Tenor Next to lowest range (men) Bass Lowest range (men) Vibrato Slight and rapid variation in pitch Woodwinds Flute, Piccolo, Saxophone, Clarinet, Oboe, English horn, Bassoon Stings Violin, Viola, Cello, Double bass, Guitar, Harp Percussion Drums, Gong, Tambourine, Shocker, Woodblocks Brass Trumpet, Tuba, Trombone, French horn Keyboard Piano, Organ, Celeste, Accordion, Harpsichord Choral Choir, Acapella, Vocal groups Chamber music Group of 10 or less. One instrument per part. Chamber winds Woodwinds String Quartet 2 Violins, 1 Viola, 1 Cello Symphony Usually strings, woodwinds, and percussion Symphony orchestra Strings Jazz ensemble Saxophone (5), Trumpet (4), Trombone (4), Rhythm (3-5) Conductor Sets tempo, volume, cues Sacred Religious music Secular Everything but religious music Genre Category of music Medium Specific group that performs a piece Style Distinctive features. Ingredients Opus Catalog number