Safety and Infection Control questions with correct answers

The nurse is discharging a baby with clubfoot who has had a cast applied. The nurse should provide additional teaching to the parents if they make which statement? -"I should call if I see changes in the color of the toes under the cast." -"I should use a pillow to elevate my child's foot as he sleeps." -"My baby will need a series of casts to fix her foot." -"Having a cast should not prevent me from holding my baby." correct answer A: "I should use a pillow to elevate my child's foot as he sleeps." Rationale: Elevating the extremity at different points during the day is helpful to prevent edema, but pillows should not be used in the crib because they increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). A change in the color of the toes is a sign of impaired circulation and requires medical evaluation. Children typically need a series of 5 to 10 casts to correct the deformity. Infants with club feet still need frequent holding like any other newborn. The risk for injury during an attack of Ménière's disease is high. The nurse should instruct the client to take which immediate action when experiencing vertigo? -"Place your head between your knees." -"Concentrate on rhythmic deep breathing." -"Close your eyes tightly." -"Assume a reclining or flat position." correct answer A: "Assume a reclining or flat position." Rationale: The client needs to assume a safe and comfortable position during an attack, which may last several hours. The client's location when the attack occurs may dictate the most reasonable position. Ideally, the client should lie down immediately in a reclining or flat position to control the vertigo. The danger of a serious fall is real. Placing the head between the knees will not help prevent a fall and is not practical because the attack may last several hours. Concentrating on breathing may be a useful distraction, but it will not help prevent a fall. Closing the eyes does not help prevent a fall.