Cosmetology State Board Exam TDLR Study Guide Latest Updated Graded A+

What part of the nail is the mantle? - ANSWER-The pocket-like structure that holds the root and matrix What does the nail matrix do? - ANSWER-It is the active tissue that generates cells, which harden as they move outward to form the nail plate What is the nail root? - ANSWER-It is attached to the matrix at the base of the nail under the skin and inside the mantle What is the nail bed? - ANSWER-The area of the nail on which the nail body rests. Nerves and blood vessels found here supply nourishment. Specialized ligaments attach the nail bed to the bone. What is the nail plate? - ANSWER-The visible nail area from the nail root to the free edge made of layers; no nerves or blood vessels can be found here. What is the lunula? - ANSWER-The half-moon shape at the base of the nail, which is the visible part of the matrix and appears lighter What is the eponychium? - ANSWER-The live tissue at the base of the nail What is the cuticle? - ANSWER-The overlapping dead tissue that is loose at the base of the nail What are nail grooves? - ANSWER-The tracks on either side of the nail that the nail moves on as it grows What are the sidewalls? - ANSWER-The folds of skin on either side of the nail groove What is the perionychium? - ANSWER-The living tissue that overlies the nail plate on the sides of the nail What is the free edge? - ANSWER-The part of the nail that extends beyond the finger or toe and protects the fingers or toes What is the hyponychium? - ANSWER-The living tissue beneath the free edge of the nail When the skin is stretched by the nail plate, the resulting condition is known as: - ANSWER-Nail pterygium The amount of monomer liquid and polymer powder used to create a bead is called the: - ANSWER-Mix ratio Salt bonds can be broken by ________ solutions - ANSWER-Both strong alkaline and strong acidic Nail enhancement oligomers are: - ANSWER-Between solid and liquid A _________ brush has a large, flat base and staggered pin patterns to keep the hair from snagging. - ANSWER-Paddle What are the 3 types of side bonds of the cortex? - ANSWER-Salt bonds, hydrogen bonds, and disulfide bonds What happens in the telogen phase? - ANSWER-Resting/final phase in the hair cycle that lasts until the fully grown hair is shed Activator will dissipate in about ______ after being applied - ANSWER-2 minutes One-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics are: - ANSWER-Bacteria The flat bone that forms the ventral (front) support of the ribs is the: - ANSWER-Sternum Sodium hydroxide, commonly known as _____, is a very strong alkali used in chemical hair relaxers, callous softeners, and drain cleaners - ANSWER-Lye A ______ wig is made by inserting individual strands of hair into mesh foundations and knotting them with a needle - ANSWER-Hand tied The red to yellow melanin produced by the body is: - ANSWER-Pheomelanin Skip waves are two rows of _______ curls used to create a strong wave pattern with well defined lines between the waves - ANSWER-ridge curls What causes Wheals? - ANSWER-A wheal may be caused by a blow or scratch, the bite of an insect, urticaria (skin allergy), or the sting of a nettle The chemical reaction that creates polymers is called: - ANSWER-Polymerization The nail extension underside should be: - ANSWER-Smooth A ______ is a wig with an elasticized, mesh-fiber base to which the hair is attached - ANSWER-Cap wig