ACS Biochemistry 2023 Final Exam Questions with All Correct Answers

ACS Biochemistry 2023 Final Exam Questions with All Correct Answers What is the D configuration of a sugar in a Fisher projection? - ANSWER chyrol carbon furthest from the carboxyl group hydroxyl on right What is the L configuration of a sugar in a Fisher projection? - ANSWER hydroxyl on left What is the difference between glycogen and amylopectin? - ANSWER glycogen- has branches about every 10 residues (more highly branched) amylopectin- has branches about every 25 What is amylose made up of? - ANSWER glucose What makes up starch? - ANSWER amylose amlyopectin What is a glycosidic bond? - ANSWER links two monosaccharides together at points 1 and 4 What is the difference between an alpha(1-4) and beta(1-4) linkage? - ANSWER alpha: when the oxygen is pointed down in a glycosidic bond beta: when the oxygen is pointed up in a glycosidic bond What is the definition of a carbohydrate? - ANSWER all have hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups Difference between aldose and ketose - ANSWER aldose has an aldohyde ketose has a ketone What makes up sucrose? - ANSWER fructose and glucose monosaccharides What makes up lactose? - ANSWER glucose and galactose monosaccharides What makes up mannose? - ANSWER two glucose monosaccharides What are lipids? - ANSWER soluble in other nonpolar solvents (not water) What are triglycerides composed of? - ANSWER glycerol and three fatty acids What is saponification? - ANSWER base hydrolysis of a triglyceride or other fat strong base is added breaks ester linkages to release hydroxyls and form glycerol