Adult Echocardiography Review| 1188 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

The PLAX view allows ID of all of the following wall segments EXCEPT: A. Basal and mid-interventricular septum B. Basal and mid-posterior wall of the LV C. Infero-lateral wall of the LV D. LV apex correct answer: D Wall segments that are visualized in the PSAX view of LV at papillary muscle level include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Anterior septum B. Anterior wall C. Antero-inferior wall D. Antero-lateral wall correct answer: C LV wall segments that may be visualized in the apical 2C view include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Anterior wall of LV B. Apex C. Interventricular septumza D. Lateral wall of LV correct answer: A Wall segments and structures that may be visualized in the apical 2C view include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Anterior wall of the LV B. Coronary sinus C. Free wall if the RV D. Inferior wall of the LV correct answer: C The boundaries of the functional LVOT are best described as extending from: A. Anterior AoV annulus to the posterior AoV annulus B. Anteromedial position of the TV annulus to the PV annulus C. Free edge of the AMVL to the AoV annulus D. Tips of the LV papillary muscles to the edge of the AMVL correct answer: C Landmarks used to ID the anatomic and functional RVOT are the: A. AMVL to the left edge of the IVS B. AoV annulus to the TV annulus C. TV annulus to the AoV annulus D. TV annulus to the PV annulus correct answer: D All of the following are considered AV valves EXCEPT: A. Aortic B. Mitral C. Bicuspid D. Tricuspid correct answer: A All of the following are names of PVL EXCEPT: A. Anterior B. Left C. Non-coronary D. Posterior correct answer: C All of the following events are considered to occur in late diastole EXCEPT: A. A-dip of the PVL on M-mode B. A-point of AMVL on M-mode C. A-point of MV Doppler waveform D. E-point of the AMVL on M-mode correct answer: D The ___ MVL is continuous with the ___ aortic root, while the ___ is continuous with the ___ aortic root. A. Anterior, anterior, PMVL, posterior B. Anterior, posterior, IVS, anterior C. Posterior, anterior, IVS, posterior D. Posterior, posterior, AMVL, anterior correct answer: B Structures of the MV apparatus include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Mitral annulus B. Sinuses of valsalva C. LV walls D. Papillary muscles correct answer: B Normal MVA is: A. 1-3 B. 3-5 C. 4-6 D. 7-9 correct answer: C All of the following are considered pulmonary vessels EXCEPT: A. Main PA B. Pulmonary capillaries C. PV4 D. Vena Cava correct answer: D Upper limit of normal for the Ao Root diameter in adults measured by M-mode ranges from: A. 1.3-2.4 cm B. 2.2-2.5 cm C. 25-32 mm D. 33-37 mm correct answer: D The 3 branches that normally originate from the Ao Arch include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Brachiocephalic artery B. Left CCA C. Left subclavian artery D. Right CCA correct answer: D Point at which the descending Ao and the Ao Arch join is called the Ao: A. Bifurcation B. Bulb C. Isthmus D. Sinus correct answer: C Thickest layer of an arterial wall is the tunica: A. Adventitia B. Intima C. Media D. Vasorum correct answer: C Anatomic landmark that demarcates the end section of the descending thoracic Ao and the beginning of the abdominal Ao: A. Ao isthmus B. Diaphragm C. Ligamentum arteriosum D. Renal arteries correct answer: B Section of the Ao that is located between the diaphragm and the iliac arteries is called the: A. Abdominal aorta B. Ao isthmus C. Descending thoracic Ao D. Transverse Ao correct answer: A Correct order for the branches of the Ao Arch: A. Left subclavian, right subclavian, left CCA B. Right brachiocephalic, left brachiocephalic, left CCA C. Right brachiocephalic, left CCA, left subclavian D. Sinus of valsalva, right innominate, left innominate correct answer: C Normal fetal vascular channel that connects the DAO and the main PA is: A. Ductus venosus B. Ductus arteriosus C. Ligamentum venosum D. Ligamentum arteriosum correct answer: B The coronary artery that has a branch called the circumflex artery is the: A. Left anterior descending coronary artery B. Left coronary artery C. Posterior descending coronary artery