Play: activities that children engage in for inherent enjoyment
-Learning and practicing empathy
-Fostering cognitive and language development
-Enhancing motor development and skills
-Promoting emotion regulation and increasing positive emotions
Non-social types of play
-Unoccupied play
-Onlooker play
-Solitary play
Social types of play
-Parallel play
-Associative play
-Cooperative play
Peers: people of approximately the same age and status
Friends: peers whom individuals have intimate, reciprocated, and positive relationships
There are wide differences in peer contact and interaction across cultures. Peer importance and interaction is related to family values within the context of cultures. Cultural similarities suggest higher physical aggression in boys and no gender-related relational aggression across nine countries.
Determinants of friendship
-Sociable, similarity of interest and behavior and age
-Similar level of cognitive maturity, academic motivations, and school activities
-Similar levels of distress and negative emotions
-Proximity (important for young children; less for older)
-racial/ethnic group; can be cross-racial
The role of technology
-Online social media, instant messaging, and texting important in peer interactions
-Creation and maintenance of electronic communication facilities
-Greater anonymity
-Less emphasis on physical appearance
-More control over interactions
-Finding similar peers
-24/7 access, and it's fun
Perspectives on use of technology
-Learning and practicing empathy
-Fostering cognitive and language development
-Enhancing motor development and skills
-Promoting emotion regulation and increasing positive emotions
Non-social types of play
-Unoccupied play
-Onlooker play
-Solitary play
Social types of play
-Parallel play
-Associative play
-Cooperative play
Peers: people of approximately the same age and status
Friends: peers whom individuals have intimate, reciprocated, and positive relationships
There are wide differences in peer contact and interaction across cultures. Peer importance and interaction is related to family values within the context of cultures. Cultural similarities suggest higher physical aggression in boys and no gender-related relational aggression across nine countries.
Determinants of friendship
-Sociable, similarity of interest and behavior and age
-Similar level of cognitive maturity, academic motivations, and school activities
-Similar levels of distress and negative emotions
-Proximity (important for young children; less for older)
-racial/ethnic group; can be cross-racial
The role of technology
-Online social media, instant messaging, and texting important in peer interactions
-Creation and maintenance of electronic communication facilities
-Greater anonymity
-Less emphasis on physical appearance
-More control over interactions
-Finding similar peers
-24/7 access, and it's fun
Perspectives on use of technology
