Westcoast EMT Block 4 Exam

Kinetic vs Potential Energy - Answer - kinetic energy: energy in motion potential energy: energy at rest 3 collisions within a crash - Answer - 1st: collision of the car with another object (car, tree, wall). It can tell you a lot about the severity of the collusion, having an indirect effect on patient care 2nd: the collision of the passenger against the interior of the vehicle. Injuries in this part are typically obvious/dramatic and most commonly include lower extremity and rib fractures and head trauma. 3rd: The collision of the internal organs on the solid structures of the body. These injuries may not be as obvious as those from the 2nd collision, but they can be more serious. (Brain hitting skull, heart crashing into rib cage) Proper location for seat belt - Answer - seat belts are desgined to be worn over the iliac crests of the pelvis to distribute the force over the bony surface Airbags - Answer - • Decrease the severity of deceleration injuries Headrests - Answer - decrease the extension of the head and neck to prevent whiplash injuries Vascular system anatomy - Answer - 1. The heart is divided down the middle into left and right sides, each with an upper chamber (atrium) to receive incoming blood and a lower chamber (ventricle) to pump outgoing blood. 2. Blood leaves each of the four chambers of the heart through one-way valves, which keep the blood moving through the circulatory system in the proper direction. 3. The aorta, the body's main artery, receives blood ejected from the left ventricle and delivers it to all other arteries that supply the body's tissues. Heart (pump), vessels/arteries (pipes), blood (fluid) Blood flow through the heart - Answer - 1-Superior & Inferior Vena Cava, 2-Rt Atrium, 3-Tricuspid Valve, 4- Rt Ventricle, 5-Pulmonary Valve, 6-Pulmonary Artery, 7- Lungs-pick up oxygen, 8-Pulmonary Veins, 9- Lt Atrium, 10- Mitral Valve (Bicuspid), 11-Lt Ventricle, 12- Aortic Valve, 13-Aorta, 14- Body Blood stasis - Answer - Lack of circulation of blood due to a stop in blood flow Arterial bleeding - Answer - a. Pressure causes blood to spurt and makes bleeding difficult to control. b. Typically brighter red (rich in oxygen)