BIO110 - Module 3 Homework Study Guide(Covering Chapter 6 and 7)With Complete Solutions.

Part A. In the solar panel system presented in the video, which of the following was necessary to generate usable electrical current for a home? A)---- DC power had to be converted to AC. B)---- The electrical energy had to be converted to nuclear energy. C)---- Electrical energy had to be stored in batteries for several days. D)---- The heat of the sun had to be used to generate steam. Part B. Which of the following best describes the energy conversion sequence in the solar panel system described in the video? A)---- Electrons, carrying energy from the sun, are focused by lenses onto wires, which carry the electrons as electricity. B)---- Electrons, carrying energy from the sun, are collected by thin chemical wafers, which concentrate the electrons to make electricity. C)---- Photons carrying energy from the sun chemically react with silicon crystals to generate a flow of electrons. D)---- Photons, carrying energy from the sun, are used to create steam that turns turbines to generate electricity. Part C. Which of the following would indicate that a home is using solar power to generate electricity and is NOT using batteries? A)---- There are solar panels on the roof and no power lines going to the home. B)---- There are water pipes running to and from the solar panels on the home. C)---- There are small plumes of smoke drifting away from the solar panels on the home. D)---- There are solar panels on the roof and power lines going to the home. Part D. If a home uses a large supply of solar panels to generate electricity, but has no battery system, surplus electricity that is produced is usually __________. A)---- released harmlessly into the ground B)---- released into the power grid for others to use, generating a credit to the homeowner C)---- used to pump water high up into a tank to store the energy D)---- used to power chemical reactions that generate water for the home Part E. Which of the following is a challenge to using solar-generated electricity in places not connected to a power grid? A)---- the limited supply of silicon to make the wafers used in solar panels B)---- the lack of efficient and inexpensive battery technology C)---- the generation of toxic fumes by the solar panel system D)---- the reliance upon fossil fuels to power the system Part A. = A)---- DC power had to be converted to AC. Part B. = C)---- Photons carrying energy from the sun chemically react with silicon crystals to generate a flow of electrons. Part C. = D)---- There are solar panels on the roof and power lines going to the home. Part D. = B)---- released into the power grid for others to use, generating a credit to the homeowner Part E. = B)---- the lack of efficient and inexpensive battery technology 1. How many more calories would a 240-pound man need to consume than a 170-pound man to maintain a constant weight? A)---- 70 calories B)---- 100 calories C)---- 300 calories D)---- 2000 calories 2. Which two statements about basal metabolic rate are true? A)---- The basal metabolic rate determines exactly how many calories to consume each day. B)---- If you exercise vigorously, you will need to consume fewer calories than your BMR suggests to maintain a constant weight. C)---- Basal metabolic rate includes the energy consumed by the body during cellular respiration. D)---- If you lose weight, your BMR will not change. E)---- If all other factors are identical, a person who weighs more will have a higher BMR than a person who weighs less. 1. C)---- 300 calories _______________________________________ 2. C)---- Basal metabolic rate includes the energy consumed by the body during cellular respiration. E)---- If all other factors are identical, a person who weighs more will have a higher BMR than a person who weighs less. Most of the ATP production during cellular respiration occurs __________. A)---- during glycolysis B)---- from activity of the ATP synthase machine C)---- during the citric acid cycle D)---- from the addition of electrons to glucose B)---- from activity of the ATP synthase machine Cellular respiration accomplishes two major processes: (1) it breaks glucose down into smaller molecules, and (2) it harvests the chemical energy released and stores it in ATP molecules. By the end of _____, the breakdown of glucose is complete; most ATPmolecules are produced during _____. A)---- glycolysis ... the Citric Acid cycle B)---- the Citric Acid cycle ... glycolysis C)---- the Citric Acid cycle ... electron transport D)---- electron transport ... glycolysis C)---- the Citric Acid cycle ... electron transport Autotrophs use photosynthesis to convert the energy of sunlight into the chemical energy of sugar. Which of the following is the correct equation for photosynthesis? A)---- sugar + O2 → CO2 + H2O + sunlight B)---- O2 + H2O + sunlight → CO2 + sugar C)---- CO2 + H2O + sunlight → O2 + ATP D)---- CO2 + H2O + sunlight → O2 + sugar D)---- CO2 + H2O + sunlight → O2 + sugar Virtually all organisms on Earth use cellular respiration to produce ATP from sugar. ATP is then used to power cellular work. Which of the following is the correct equation for cellular respiration? A)---- sugar + O2 → CO2 + H2O + ATP B)---- ATP + H2O + CO2 → O2 + sugar C)---- sugar + CO2 → O2 + H2O + ATP D)---- sugar + O2 + sunlight → CO2 + H2O + ATP C)---- sugar + O2 → CO2 + H2O + ATP Figure Walkthrough: Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems See image In which organisms do cellular respiration and photosynthesis occur? A)---- Only consumers perform photosynthesis, and only producers perform cellular respiration. B)---- Only producers perform photosynthesis, and only consumers perform cellular respiration. C)---- Photosynthesis occurs in both producers and consumers. D)---- Cellular respiration occurs in both producers and consumers. D)---- Cellular respiration occurs in both producers and consumers. Plants require specific inputs to carry out photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Which of the following statements accurately reflect(s) what plants must take in? A)---- Plants take in both carbon dioxide and oxygen. B)---- Plants take in carbon dioxide from the air. C)---- Carbon dioxide enters plants from the soil. D)---- Plants take in oxygen as an input for photosynthesis. A)---- Plants take in both carbon dioxide and oxygen. B)---- Plants take in carbon dioxide from the air. BioFlix Activity: Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis -- Energy Flow See image BioFlix Activity: Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis -- Chemical Cycling See image Select the correct sequence of steps as energy is extracted from glucose during cellular respiration. A)---- glycolysis → citric acid cycle → acetyl CoA → electron transport chain B)---- glycolysis → acetyl CoA → citric acid cycle → electron transport chain C)---- acetyl CoA → citric acid cycle → electron transport chain → glycolysis D)---- electron transport chain → citric acid cycle → glycolysis → acetyl CoA E)---- citric acid cycle → electron transport chain → glycolysis → acetyl CoA B)---- Glycolysis → acetyl CoA → citric acid cycle → electron transport chain What is the correct general equation for cellular respiration? A)---- C6H12O6 + 6 H2O → 6 CO2 + 6 O2 + ATP energy B)---- 6 O2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy → C6H12O6 + 6 CO2 C)---- C6H12O6 + 6 CO2 → 6 O2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy D)---- 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2 E)---- C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy E)---- C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy Which of the following processes takes place in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell? A)---- acetyl CoA formation B)---- electron transport chain C)---- citric acid cycle D)---- ATP production by ATP synthase E)---- glycolysis E)---- glycolysis In what organelle would you find acetyl CoA formation, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain? A)---- Golgi apparatus B)---- mitochondrion C)---- nucleus D)---- chloroplast E)---- lysosome B)---- mitochondrion Which statement describes glycolysis? A)---- This process joins 2 pyruvic acid molecules into a molecule of glucose. B)---- This process uses energy captured from electrons flowing to oxygen to produce most of the ATPs in cellular respiration. C)---- This process splits glucose in half and produces 2 ATPs for each glucose. D)---- This process converts pyruvic acid to acetyl CoA. E)---- This process produces some ATP and carbon dioxide in the mitochondrion. C)---- This process splits glucose in half and produces 2 ATPs for each glucose. Which statement describes the citric acid cycle? A)---- This process converts pyruvic acid to acetyl CoA. B)---- This process splits glucose in half and produces 2 ATPs for each glucose. C)---- This process uses energy captured from electrons flowing to oxygen to produce most of the ATPs in cellular respiration. D)---- This process produces some ATP and carbon dioxide in the mitochondrion. E)---- This process joins 2 pyruvic acid molecules into a molecule of glucose. D)---- This process produces some ATP and carbon dioxide in the mitochondrion.