TESTBANK DATABASE SYSTEMS- DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION, MANAGEMENT, 12E CORONEL TEST BANK

TESTBANK DATABASE SYSTEMS- DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION, MANAGEMENT, 12E CORONEL TEST BANKChapter 01: Database Systems Chapter 02: Data Models Chapter 03: The Relational Database Model Chapter 04: Entity Relationship (ER) Modeling Chapter 05: Advanced Data Modeling Chapter 06: Normalization of Database Tables Chapter 07: Introduction to Structured Query Language (SQL) Chapter 08: Advanced SQL Chapter 09: Database Design Chapter 10: Transaction Management and Concurrency Control Chapter 11: Database Performance Tuning and Query Optimization Chapter 12: Distributed Database Management Systems Chapter 13: Business Intelligence and Data Warehouses Chapter 14: Big Data Analytics and NoSQL Chapter 15: Database Connectivity and Web Technologies Chapter 16: Database Administration and Security1. Data and information are essentially the same thing. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: p. 4 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 2 - LO1-2 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Data versus Information KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 2. Data processing can be as simple as organizing data to reveal patterns. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p.4 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 2 - LO1-2 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Data versus Information KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 3. Data is the result of processing raw facts to reveal its meaning. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p.4 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 2 - LO1-2 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Data versus Information KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 4. When data are entered into a form and saved, they are placed in the underlying database as knowledge. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p.4 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 2 - LO1-2 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic - BUSPROG: Analytic skills: Statistics and Management Science TOPICS: Data versus Information KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 5. Data constitute the building blocks of information. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p.4 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 2 - LO1-2 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Data versus Information KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 6. Metadata describe the data characteristics and the set of relationships that links the data found within the database. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p.6 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 7. The only way to access the data in a database is through the DBMS. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p.6 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic - BUSPROG: Analytic skills: Statistics and Management Science TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 8. Database programming languages receive all application requests and translate them into the complex operations required to fulfill those requests. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p.6 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 9. The DBMS reveals much of the database’s internal complexity to the application programs and users. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p.6 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic - BUSPROG: Analytic skills: Statistics and Management Science TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 10. One disadvantage of the DBMS is that it increases the risk of data security breaches. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p.7 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducting the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 11. An operational database is sometimes referred to as an enterprise database. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p.9 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Data versus Information KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 12. A data warehouse can store data derived from many sources. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p.9 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge 13. The same data might be simultaneously structured and unstructured depending on the intended processing. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p.9 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic - BUSPROG: Analytic skills: Statistics and Management Science TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Comprehension 14. Corporations use only structured data. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p.10 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic - BUSPROG: Analytic skills: Statistics and Management Science TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 15. Field refers to a collection of related records. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p.15 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 5 - LO1-5 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Evolution of File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Knowledge 16. Structural dependence exists when it is possible to make changes in the file structure without affecting the application program’s ability to access the data. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p.21 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 6 - LO1-6 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Problems with File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 17. Data anomaly is defined as the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 19 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 6 - LO1-6 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Problems with File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 18. One disadvantage of a database system over previous data management approaches is increased costs. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p.28 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 7 - LO1-7 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Database System KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 19. An advantage of database systems is that you needn't perform frequent updates and apply latest patches. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p.28 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 7 - LO1-7 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic - BUSPROG: Analytic skills: Statistics and Management Science TOPICS: Database System KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 20. One advantage of a database system over previous data management approaches is that the database system is considerably less complex. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p. 28 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 7 - LO1-7 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Database System KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 21. is the result of revealing the meaning of raw facts. a. End-user data b. An encoded sample c. An encrypted bit d. Information ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 4 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 2 - LO1-2 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Data versus Information KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 22. is the body of information and facts about a specific subject. a. Validation b. A format c. Knowledge d. A database ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p.5 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1-2 - LO1-2 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Data versus Information KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 23. Accurate, relevant, and timely information is the key to . a. data management b. good decision making c. knowledge d. understanding ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p.5 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 2 - LO1-2 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Data versus Information KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 24. End-user data is . a. knowledge about the end users b. raw facts of interest to the end user c. information about a specific subject d. accurate, relevant and timely information ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REG: p. 6 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 25. provide a description of the data characteristics and the set of relationships that link the data found within the database. a. Queries b. End-user data c. Metadata d. Schemas ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 6 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 26. serve as the intermediary between the user and the database. a. DBMSs b. Metadata c. End-user data d. Programming languages ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 6 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 27. The database structure in a DBMS is stored as a . a. single file b. collection of files c. set of key/value pairs d. collection of queries ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p.6 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 28. A(n) might be written by a programmer or it might be created through a DBMS utility program. a. query b. operating system c. database management system d. application ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 6 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 29. exists when different versions of the same data appear in different places. a. Data inconsistency b. Poor data security c. Structural dependence d. Conceptual dependence ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 7 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 30. The response of the DBMS to a query is the a. ad hoc query b. ad hoc response c. query result set d. integrated view of the data ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 7 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 31. A(n) database is used by an organization and supports many users across many departments. a. desktop b. workgroup c. enterprise d. transactional ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 8 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 32. A(n) database supports a relatively small number of users (usually fewer than 50) or a specific department within an organization. a. desktop b. workgroup c. enterprise d. transactional ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p.8 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 33. A workgroup database is a(n) database. a. single-user b. multiuser c. desktop d. distributed ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 8 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1-3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 34. A desktop database is a database. a. single-user b. multiuser c. workgroup d. distributed ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 8 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 35. Data warehouse contains historical data obtained from the . a. operational databases b. desktop database c. enterprise databases d. workgroup databases ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 9 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 36. data exist in the format in which they were collected. a. Structured b. Semistructured c. Unstructured d. Historical ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 9 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 37. data exist in a format that does not lend itself to processing that yields information. a. Structured b. Semistructured c. Unstructured d. Historical ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 9 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 38. are the result of formatting disorganized data in order to facilitate storage, use and generation of information. a. Structured data b. Raw data c. Unstructured data d. Obsolete data ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 9 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 39. Most data that can be encountered are best classified as . a. structured b. semistructured c. unstructured d. historical ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 10 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 40. An XML database supports the storage and management of XML data. a. structured b. multistructured c. fullystructured d. semistructured ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 10 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 41. The organization of data within folders in a manual file system is determined by . a. its date of creation b. its expected use c. the title of the documents in the folder d. the data processing specialist ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p. 14 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 5 - LO1-5 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic - BUSPROG: Analytic skills: Statistics and Management Science TOPICS: Evolution of File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 42. A is a logically connected set of one or more fields that describes a person, place, or thing. a. database b. column c. record d. file ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 15 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 5 - LO1-5 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Evolution of File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 43. A is a collection of related records. a. schema b. field c. column d. file ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 15 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 5 - LO1-5 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Evolution of File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 44. A is a character or group of characters that has a specific meaning. a. database b. field c. record d. file ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 15 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1-5 - LO1-5 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Evolution of File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 45. Which of the following is true of spreadsheet applications? a. They provide enhanced security and robust data sharing features. b. They do not allow manipulation of data once entered. c. They are a better alternative to databases. d. They enhance the user's ability to understand the data. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p. 17 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Evolution of File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 46. Which of the following refers to the situation where different versions of the same data are stored at different places because they weren’t updated consistently? a. Data query b. Data integrity c. Data dictionary d. Data redundancy ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 20 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 6 - LO1-6 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Problems with File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 47. Data is said to be verifiable if: a. the data always yields consistent results. b. the data cannot be changed or manipulated. c. the data is obtained from trusted sources. d. the data is stored in different places within the database. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 20 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 6 - LO1-6 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Problems with System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 48. is defined as the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions. a. Data integrity b. Data anomaly c. Data ubiquity d. Data quality ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 20 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 6 - LO1-6 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Problems with File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 49. The term refers to an organization of components that define and regulate the collection, storage, management and use of data within a database environment. a. structured data b. transaction c. management system d. database system ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p. 22 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 7 - LO1-7 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Database Systems KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 50. relates to the activities that make the database execute transactions more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed. a. Performance tuning b. Database design c. Query access d. Database management ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p. 25 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 7 - LO1-7 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Database Systems KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 51. refers to a type of database that stores most of its data in RAM rather than in hard disks. a. Integrated databases b. Cloud databases c. Desktop databases d. In-memory databases ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: p.30 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1-8 - LO 1-8 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Preparing for Your Database Professional Career KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 52. is the result of processing raw data to reveal its meaning. ANSWER: Information POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 4 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 2 - LO1-2 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Data Versus Information KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 53. To reveal meaning, information requires . ANSWER: context POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 4 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 2 - LO1-2 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Data Versus Information KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 54. Raw data must be properly for storage, processing and presentation. ANSWER: formatted POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 4 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 2 - LO1-2 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Data Versus Information KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 55. Information is produced by processing . ANSWER: data POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 4 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 2 - LO1-2 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Data Versus Information KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 56. is data about data through which the end-user data are integrated and managed. ANSWER: Metadata POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 6 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 57. A(n) is a collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the database. ANSWER: DBMS (database management system) database management system (DBMS) database management system DBMS POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 6 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 58. A(n) is a spur-of-the-moment question. ANSWER: ad hoc query POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p. 7 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 59. A(n) is a specific request issued to the DBMS for data manipulation. ANSWER: query POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 7 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 60. databases focus primarily on storing data used to generate information required to make tactical or strategic decisions. ANSWER: Analytical POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 9 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 61. is a special language used to represent and manipulate data elements in a textual format. ANSWER: XML (Extensible Markup Language) Extensible Markup Language (XML) Extensible Markup Language XML POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 10 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 62. exists when it is possible to make changes in the data storage characteristics without affecting an application program’s ability to access data. ANSWER: Data independence POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p. 19 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 6 - LO1-6 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Problems with File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 63. The term refers to scattered locations storing the same basic data. ANSWER: islands of information POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 20 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 6 - LO1-6 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic - BUSPROG: Analytic skills: Statistics and Management Science TOPICS: Problems with File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 64. exists when different and conflicting versions of the same data appear in different places. ANSWER: Data inconsistency POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 20 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 6 - LO1-6 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic - BUSPROG: Analytic skills: Statistics and Management Science TOPICS: Problems with File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 65. exists when the same data are stored unnecessarily at different places. ANSWER: Data redundancy POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 20 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 6 - LO1-6 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Problems with File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 66. A(n) develops when all required changes in the redundant data are not made successfully. ANSWER: data anomaly anomaly POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 21 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 6 - LO1-6 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic - BUSPROG: Analytic skills: Statistics and Management Science TOPICS: Problems with File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 67. The DBMS uses the to look up the required data component structures and relationships, thus relieving programmers from having to code such complex relationships in each program. ANSWER: data dictionary POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 25 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 7 - LO1-7 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Database Systems KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 68. relates to activities that make a database operate more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed. ANSWER: Performance tuning POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: REF: p. 25 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 7 - LO1-7 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: - Analytic TOPICS: Database Systems KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Knowledge 69. Describe what metadata are and what value they provide to the database system. ANSWER: The metadata describe the data characteristics and the set of relationships that links the data found within the database. For example, the metadata component stores information such as the name of each data element, the type of values (numeric, dates, or text) stored on each data element, and whether the data element can be left empty. The metadata provide information that complements and expands the value and use of the data. In short, metadata present a more complete picture of the data in the database. Given the characteristics of metadata, you might hear a database described as a “collection of self-describing data.” POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p. 6 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic - BUSPROG: Analytic skills: Statistics and Management Science TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 70. What are the advantages of having the DBMS between the end user’s applications and the database? ANSWER: Having a DBMS between the end user’s applications and the database offers some important advantages. First, the DBMS enables the data in the database to be shared among multiple applications or users. Second, the DBMS integrates the many different users’ views of the data into a single all-encompassing data repository. POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p. 6 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 3 - LO1-3 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic - BUSPROG: Analytic skills: Statistics and Management Science TOPICS: Introducing the Database KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 71. Discuss some considerations when designing a database. ANSWER: Proper database design requires the designer to identify precisely the database’s expected use. Designing a transactional database emphasizes accurate and consistent data and operational speed. Designing a data warehouse database emphasizes the use of historical and aggregated data. Designing a database to be used in a centralized, single-user environment requires a different approach from that used in the design of a distributed, multiuser database. Designing appropriate data repositories of integrated information using the two-dimensional table structures found in most databases is a process of decomposition. The integrated data must be decomposed properly into its constituent parts, with each part stored in its own table. Further, the relationships between these tables must be carefully considered and implemented so the integrated view of the data can be re-created later as information for the end user. A well-designed database facilitates data management and generates accurate and valuable information. A poorly designed database is likely to become a breeding ground for difficult- to-trace errors that may lead to bad decision making—and bad decision making can lead to the failure of an organization. Database design is simply too important to be left to luck. That’s why college students study database design, why organizations of all types and sizes send personnel to database design seminars, and why database design consultants often make an excellent living. POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p. 14 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 4 - LO1-4 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic - BUSPROG: Analytic skills: Statistics and Management Science TOPICS: Why Database Design is Important KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 72. What are some reasons for studying file systems? ANSWER: A brief explanation of the evolution of file system data processing can be helpful in understanding the data access limitations that databases attempt to overcome. Understanding these limitations is relevant to database designers and developers because database technologies do not make these problems magically disappear—database technologies simply make it easier to create solutions that avoid these problems. Creating database designs that avoid the pitfalls of earlier systems requires that the designer understand these problems and how to avoid them; otherwise, the database technologies are no better (and are potentially even worse!) than the technologies and techniques they have replaced. POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p. 14 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 5 - LO1-5 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Why Database Design is Important KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 73. What are the problems associated with file systems? How do they challenge the types of information that can be created from the data as well as the accuracy of the information? ANSWER: The following problems associated with file systems, whether created by DP specialists or through a series of spread-sheets, severely challenge the types of information that can be created from the data as well as the accuracy of the information: • Lengthy development times. The first and most glaring problem with the file system approach is that even the simplest data-retrieval task requires extensive programming. With the older file systems, programmers had to specify what must be done and how to do it. POINTS: 1 • Difficulty of getting quick answers. The need to write programs to produce even the simplest reports makes ad hoc queries impossible. Harried DP specialists who worked with mature file systems often received numerous requests for new reports. They were often forced to say that the report will be ready “next week” or even “next month.” If you need the information now, getting it next week or next month will not serve your information needs. • Complex system administration. System administration becomes more difficult as the number of files in the system expands. Even a simple file system with a few files requires creating and maintaining several file management programs. Each file must have its own file management programs that allow the user to add, modify, and delete records; to list the file contents; and to generate reports. Because ad hoc queries are not possible, the file reporting programs can multiply quickly. The problem is compounded by the fact that each department in the organization “owns” its data by creating its own files. • Lack of security and limited data sharing. Another fault of a file system data repository is a lack of security and limited data sharing. Data sharing and security are closely related. Sharing data among multiple geographically dispersed users introduces a lot of security risks. In terms of spreadsheet data, while many spreadsheet programs provide rudimentary security options, they are not always used, and even when they are, they are insufficient for robust data sharing among users. In terms of creating data management and reporting programs, security and data-sharing features are difficult to program and consequently are often omitted from a file system environment. Such features include effective password protection, the ability to lock out parts of files or parts of the system itself, and other measures designed to safeguard data confidentiality. Even when an attempt is made to improve system and data security, the security devices tend to be limited in scope and effectiveness. • Extensive programming. Making changes to an existing file structure can be difficult in a file system environment. DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p. 18-19 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1-6 - LO1-6 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Problems with File System Data Processing KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 74. Describe the five types of users identified in a database system. ANSWER: 1. System administrators oversee the database system’s general operations. 2. Database administrators, also known as DBAs, manage the DBMS and ensure that the database is functioning properly. 3. Database designers design the database structure. They are, in effect, the database architects. If the database design is poor, even the best application programmers and the most dedicated DBAs cannot produce a useful database environment. Because organizations strive to optimize their data resources, the database designer’s job description has expanded to cover new dimensions and growing responsibilities. 4. System analysts and programmers design and implement the application programs. They design and create the data-entry screens, reports, and procedures through which end users access and manipulate the database’s data. 5. End users are the people who use the application programs to run the organization’s daily operations. For example, sales clerks, supervisors, managers, and directors are all classified as end users. High-level end users employ the information obtained from the database to make tactical and strategic business decisions. POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p. 23-24 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 7 - LO1-7 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Database Systems KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 75. What are the disadvantages of database systems? ANSWER: Although the database system yields considerable advantages over previous data management approaches, database systems do carry significant disadvantages: • Increased costs. Database systems require sophisticated hardware and software and highly skilled personnel. The cost of maintaining the hardware, software, and personnel required to operate and manage a database system can be substantial. Training, licensing, and regulation compliance costs are often overlooked when database systems are implemented. • Management complexity. Database systems interface with many different technologies and have a significant impact on a company’s resources and culture. The changes introduced by the adoption of a database system must be properly managed to ensure that they help advance the company’s objectives. Because database systems hold crucial company data that are accessed from multiple sources, security issues must be assessed constantly. • Maintaining currency. To maximize the efficiency of the database system, you must keep your system cur-rent. Therefore, you must perform frequent updates and apply the latest patches and security measures to all components. Because database technology advances rapidly, personnel training costs tend to be significant. • Vendor dependence. Given the heavy investment in technology and personnel training, companies might be reluctant to change database vendors. As a consequence, vendors are less likely to offer pricing point advantages to existing customers, and those customers might be limited in their choice of database system components. • Frequent upgrade/replacement cycles. DBMS vendors frequently upgrade their products by adding new func-tionality. Such new features often come bundled in new upgrade versions of the software. Some of these ver-sions require hardware upgrades. Not only do the upgrades themselves cost money, it also costs money to train database users and administrators to properly use and manage the new features. POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: REF: p. 28 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: DATA.CORO.15.LO1 7 - LO1-7 NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic TOPICS: Database Systems KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Comprehension 76. Discuss any three functions performed by the DBMS that guarantee the integrity and consistency of the data in the database. ANSWER: (answers may vary) • Data dictionary management. The DBMS stores definitions of the data elements and their relationships (metadata) in a data dictionary. In turn, all programs that access the data in the database work through the DBMS. The DBMS uses the data dictionary to look up the required data component structures and relationships, thus