Subphyla Myriapoda and Hexapoda lab notes

BIOL 3270
Zoology


PHYLUM ARTHROPODA
Subphyla Myriapoda and Hexapoda
All members of these subphyla possess mandibles (paired appendages on the third head segment that are
modified for chewing or grinding food).




Subphylum Myriapoda
Class Chilopoda (centipedes)

IDENTIFY
 number of legs per segment
 tergum (dorsal plate)
 poison claws (=forcipule; this is the first thoracic appendage)
 1st and 2nd maxilla
 eye
 sternite (ventral plate)
 antenna



Class Diplopoda (millipedes)

IDENTIFY
 number of legs per segment
 antenna
 eye
 first leg (on second segment)
 mandibular base
 gnathochilarium (the fused 1st and 2nd maxillae, this forms the lower surface of the oral chamber or
mouth)

, Subphylum Hexapoda
Class Insecta

Order Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies)
FEATURES
 Chewing mouthparts
 2 pairs membranous wings that cannot be folded against the body
 Well-developed eyes
 Predatory


Order Mantodea (mantids)
FEATURES
 First pair of legs modified for grasping and shredding prey (raptorial legs)
 Chewing mouthparts
 Only order that is able to rotate its head
 Forewings form tegmina


Order Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids)
FEATURES
 Forewings leathery (tegmina)
 Hindwing membranous
 Chewing mouthparts

Lubber Grasshopper
External anatomy
 HEAD: ocelli, compound eye, antenna, mandible, maxilla, labial palps
 THORAX: legs, femur, tibia, tarsi, wings, pronotum
 ABDOMEN: terga, sterna, cerci, ovipositor, spiracles, tympanum

Internal anatomy
 Esophagus
 Crop
 Stomach
 Intestine
 Rectum
 Anus
 Ovaries or testes
 Eggs (if female)
 Heart
 Malpighian tubules
 Brain ventral nerve cord




Order Blattaria (roaches)