The Nervous System
Efferent: Exits from CNS to Effectors
Afferent: Approaches CNS from sensory receptors
Divisions of the Nervous System
Central Peripheral
Nervous System Nervous System
• Brain • Cranial nerves
• Spinal chord • Spinal nerves
Autonomic NS Somatic NS Sensory
Efferent: From CNS Efferent: from CNS Afferent: to CNS
Automatic: Involuntary You control: Voluntary
Found in: Found in: Found in:
Organs & Glands Skeletal Muscle Skin, Eye, Nose Ear
Cardiac Muscle
Smooth Muscle Nicotinic Receptors
at NMJ
Sympathetic PaRasympathetic
Fight-or-flight Rest & Digest
SAD BaBa Please CAN Mum (Rest & Digest)?
• Sympathetic • Parasympathetic
• ADrenergic Neurons • Cholinerginic Neurons
• Receptors: B1,a1, B2, a2 • NeuroT: AcH
• NeuroT: E & NE • Receptors: Nicotinic, Muscarinic
Sympathetic Parasympathetic
Adrenergic a1 a2 Cholinergic
AcH
SAD BaBa Please CAN Mum Rest & Digest
nicotinic muscarinic
B1 B2
Please CAN Mum (Rest & Digest)?
SAD BaBa
• Parasympathetic NS
• Sympathetic NS
• Cholinerginic Neurons
• ADrenergic Neurons
• NeuroT: AcH
• Receptors: B1,a1, B2, a2
• Receptors: Nicotinic, Muscarinic
• NeuroT: E & NE
Presentation by F Khan 2021
, Autonomic Nervous System
Type s of Neurons AcH Nerveterminals
PresynapticNeuron PostsynapticNeuron Adrenaline&
AdrenalCortex
NorAdrenaline
AutonomicGanglion
ANS nerves
Sympathetic Parasympathetic
Adrenergic Cholinergic
adrenergic muscarinic
receptor receptor
Nicotinic Nicotinic
receptor receptor
Another View
Sympathetic Parasympathetic
Nicotinic:AcH Nicotinic:AcH
adrenergic
Cholinergic
Adrenergic:NE Muscarinic:AcH
B1,a1,B2,a2 M1,M2,M3
Presentation by F Khan 2021
,Sympathetic Nervous System: Adrenergic Response
SAD BaBa
Main B-Agonist Effects
B1: Cardiac Stimulation B2
+chronotropic (heart rate) • Relaxation of smooth muscle:
+dromotropic (conduction) • Lung, eye, uterus, bladder
+inotropic (contractility) • Gluconeogenesis
• ↓ Glandular Secretion
• Inhibits digestion
Smooth M. contraction
Vasoconstriction: ↑BP
Mydriasis: ↑pupil size
↓BP
Relax smooth muscle
↓BP
Relax smooth muscle
* Pre-Synaptic neurons in CNS
Reduces Sympathetic Rx
• Cardiac Stimulatory
+heart rate
+conduction
+ventricle contractility
Cardiac Depressant
-heart rate, conduction
-ventricle contractility
↓BP
Contraindicated in
asthmatics. Can cause
Bronchospasm!!
• Relaxation of Smooth M in
Lung, Eye, Uterus, Bladder.
• Gluconeogensis
• ↓ Glandular sx
Presentation by F Khan 2021
, Sympathetic Nervous System: Adrenergic Response
Presentation by F Khan 2021
Efferent: Exits from CNS to Effectors
Afferent: Approaches CNS from sensory receptors
Divisions of the Nervous System
Central Peripheral
Nervous System Nervous System
• Brain • Cranial nerves
• Spinal chord • Spinal nerves
Autonomic NS Somatic NS Sensory
Efferent: From CNS Efferent: from CNS Afferent: to CNS
Automatic: Involuntary You control: Voluntary
Found in: Found in: Found in:
Organs & Glands Skeletal Muscle Skin, Eye, Nose Ear
Cardiac Muscle
Smooth Muscle Nicotinic Receptors
at NMJ
Sympathetic PaRasympathetic
Fight-or-flight Rest & Digest
SAD BaBa Please CAN Mum (Rest & Digest)?
• Sympathetic • Parasympathetic
• ADrenergic Neurons • Cholinerginic Neurons
• Receptors: B1,a1, B2, a2 • NeuroT: AcH
• NeuroT: E & NE • Receptors: Nicotinic, Muscarinic
Sympathetic Parasympathetic
Adrenergic a1 a2 Cholinergic
AcH
SAD BaBa Please CAN Mum Rest & Digest
nicotinic muscarinic
B1 B2
Please CAN Mum (Rest & Digest)?
SAD BaBa
• Parasympathetic NS
• Sympathetic NS
• Cholinerginic Neurons
• ADrenergic Neurons
• NeuroT: AcH
• Receptors: B1,a1, B2, a2
• Receptors: Nicotinic, Muscarinic
• NeuroT: E & NE
Presentation by F Khan 2021
, Autonomic Nervous System
Type s of Neurons AcH Nerveterminals
PresynapticNeuron PostsynapticNeuron Adrenaline&
AdrenalCortex
NorAdrenaline
AutonomicGanglion
ANS nerves
Sympathetic Parasympathetic
Adrenergic Cholinergic
adrenergic muscarinic
receptor receptor
Nicotinic Nicotinic
receptor receptor
Another View
Sympathetic Parasympathetic
Nicotinic:AcH Nicotinic:AcH
adrenergic
Cholinergic
Adrenergic:NE Muscarinic:AcH
B1,a1,B2,a2 M1,M2,M3
Presentation by F Khan 2021
,Sympathetic Nervous System: Adrenergic Response
SAD BaBa
Main B-Agonist Effects
B1: Cardiac Stimulation B2
+chronotropic (heart rate) • Relaxation of smooth muscle:
+dromotropic (conduction) • Lung, eye, uterus, bladder
+inotropic (contractility) • Gluconeogenesis
• ↓ Glandular Secretion
• Inhibits digestion
Smooth M. contraction
Vasoconstriction: ↑BP
Mydriasis: ↑pupil size
↓BP
Relax smooth muscle
↓BP
Relax smooth muscle
* Pre-Synaptic neurons in CNS
Reduces Sympathetic Rx
• Cardiac Stimulatory
+heart rate
+conduction
+ventricle contractility
Cardiac Depressant
-heart rate, conduction
-ventricle contractility
↓BP
Contraindicated in
asthmatics. Can cause
Bronchospasm!!
• Relaxation of Smooth M in
Lung, Eye, Uterus, Bladder.
• Gluconeogensis
• ↓ Glandular sx
Presentation by F Khan 2021
, Sympathetic Nervous System: Adrenergic Response
Presentation by F Khan 2021
