NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
diseases that cannot be transferred from one person to another (non-infectious).
Sometimes called diseases of lifestyle as they are usually related to poor lifestyle choices e.g., poor
eating habits, obesity, smoking etc. However, they also have a genetic component: people with a
family history of high cholesterol are at risk for cholesterol problems and related heart disease even
though they may have good eating habits and are not overweight.
BURDEN OF DISEASE CAUSED BY NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
1. Physical- disability- amputations, loss of eye sight, death
2. Social- families having to care for disabled relatives, loss of parents/grandparents
3. Psychological- grief and loss with regard to disability and loss of independence, depression,
feelings of inferiority
4. Economic - loss of income due to disability/ death of bread winner, medical expenses, time
lost from work due to illness
DOUBLE BURDEN OF DISEASE
Urbanization
Sedentary work and life-style (change from previously more active jobs)
Indoor entertainment for children- TV / lack of space for safe outdoor activities
Change in diet to high fat / high sugar convenience foods (often cheaper than fresh foods)
Increase in smoking, alcohol and drug use
Increased exposure to pollutants
Increase in stress- overeating / comfort eating
Socio-cultural factors- some cultures see big as being beautiful / high status
POLICY INTERVENTIONS
There is a growing obesity and non-communicable disease. Therefore, policies have been put into
place. In February 2016, Minister of Finance announced intention to:
1. Impose tax on sugary drinks
Tax will be added to all drinks containing added sugar. A tax of +/- 20 % (according to
sugar content) will be added. Therefore, if can of coke costs R10 – 20% will be added to
R12
The following Drinks will be taxed: Carbonated beverages (coke, Fanta, sprite, Fruit
juices with added sugar, Energy drinks, Flavored water with added sugar
2. Social Marketing
Using of advertising principles to “sell” a healthy behavior to the public e.g. catchy
phrase / image that will stay in people’s minds
BEHAVIORAL CHANGE
a model designed to help a client change his or her behavior and overcome their obstacles to
change
Jane Robbins is a 24-year-old student who asks your advice on how to give up smoking. Use the
steps of the behavior change model to help her give up smoking:
STEP 1: Awareness of the problem
Notes by @silibazisomupereki
diseases that cannot be transferred from one person to another (non-infectious).
Sometimes called diseases of lifestyle as they are usually related to poor lifestyle choices e.g., poor
eating habits, obesity, smoking etc. However, they also have a genetic component: people with a
family history of high cholesterol are at risk for cholesterol problems and related heart disease even
though they may have good eating habits and are not overweight.
BURDEN OF DISEASE CAUSED BY NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
1. Physical- disability- amputations, loss of eye sight, death
2. Social- families having to care for disabled relatives, loss of parents/grandparents
3. Psychological- grief and loss with regard to disability and loss of independence, depression,
feelings of inferiority
4. Economic - loss of income due to disability/ death of bread winner, medical expenses, time
lost from work due to illness
DOUBLE BURDEN OF DISEASE
Urbanization
Sedentary work and life-style (change from previously more active jobs)
Indoor entertainment for children- TV / lack of space for safe outdoor activities
Change in diet to high fat / high sugar convenience foods (often cheaper than fresh foods)
Increase in smoking, alcohol and drug use
Increased exposure to pollutants
Increase in stress- overeating / comfort eating
Socio-cultural factors- some cultures see big as being beautiful / high status
POLICY INTERVENTIONS
There is a growing obesity and non-communicable disease. Therefore, policies have been put into
place. In February 2016, Minister of Finance announced intention to:
1. Impose tax on sugary drinks
Tax will be added to all drinks containing added sugar. A tax of +/- 20 % (according to
sugar content) will be added. Therefore, if can of coke costs R10 – 20% will be added to
R12
The following Drinks will be taxed: Carbonated beverages (coke, Fanta, sprite, Fruit
juices with added sugar, Energy drinks, Flavored water with added sugar
2. Social Marketing
Using of advertising principles to “sell” a healthy behavior to the public e.g. catchy
phrase / image that will stay in people’s minds
BEHAVIORAL CHANGE
a model designed to help a client change his or her behavior and overcome their obstacles to
change
Jane Robbins is a 24-year-old student who asks your advice on how to give up smoking. Use the
steps of the behavior change model to help her give up smoking:
STEP 1: Awareness of the problem
Notes by @silibazisomupereki
