Summaries after sample
, U5: Marco Polo in Asia
U1: Changes in the Limpopo Valley
• He was one of the first Europeans to travel the Silk Road, an ancient
trade route connecting China to Western Europe. • The economy changed from just farming, to trade in
• His accounts introduced Europeans to the stories, ideas, and goods of cattle, ivory, gold and other goods.
distant countries like China and India. • Men with more cattle and land had more things to trade.
• The popularity of his book (Travels of Marco Polo) increased European • People believed that the king’s power was passed on to
interest in trade and travel - opened trade between Asia and Europe. the family – the eldest son would become king after the
king died.
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•.
U2: Settlements in the Limpopo Valley
U4: East coast trade
Great Zimbabwe:
M5: Southern Schroda and K2:
Sample • As global demand for gold increased, power moved
toward Great Zimbabwe, which controlled the gold trade.
• They exchanged gold for cloth, glass beads, and pottery
African
Kingdoms
long ago
• In 900 AD, Zhizo farmers moved from Zimbabwe and
settled in the basin of Limpopo and Shashe rivers.
• They made their capital on the Schroda farm.
• They traded ivory, gold, rhino horn, leopard skin and
Summaries after sample (East Africa), Chinese pottery, Persian bowls, and coins
(Far/Middle East).
• Most trade flowed along the Limpopo River toward the
East African coast.
iron for glass beads, cotton and silk cloth, and ceramics.
• The Kalundu people took control of the area in 1020 AD.
• Their capital was K2.
• Local trade was likely disrupted by the arrival and •
influence of Portuguese merchants. U3: Mapungubwe
• The king of Mapungubwe was a sacred leader who acted as an intermediary
between the physical world and the spirit world.
• This was the first time in southern Africa a leader physically separated
• It was part of an international trade network involving himself from his subjects by living in a stone-walled palace on a hill, away
Egypt, Arabia, India, and China.
from ordinary people.
• The Order of Mapungubwe - South Africa’s highest
• Mapungubwe was South Africa’s first urban centre.
award for excellence, first awarded to Nelson Mandela.
• Excavations revealed gold bangles, beads, a golden bowl, a golden sceptre,
• The Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape was declared a and the famous golden rhinoceros.
UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2003.
• The golden rhino symbolises leadership and the king's role as a protector.
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