Afrikaans Language

MEERVOUDE RULES (PLURALS)


VERKLEINWOORDE RULES
(DIMINUTIVES)


TRAPPE VAN VERGELYKING (DEGREES
OF COMPARISON)


AFKORTINGS (ABBREVIATIONS)
TYD & GETALLE (TIME & NUMBERS)
INTENSIEWE VORM – INTENSIVE FORM

,MEERVOUDE RULES –
RULE 1 – One Vowel (Een Vokaal)
 For one vowel double the consonant and add ‘e’

Singular (Enkelvoud) Plural (Meervoud)
bak (bowl) bak+ke = bakke
bom (bomb) bom+me = bomme
som (sum) som+me = somme
nek (neck) nek+ke = nekke
blom (flower) blom+me = blomme
kat (cat) kat+te = katte
rok (dress) rok+ke = rokke


RULE 2 – the same vowel twice (dieselfde dubbel vokaal)
 For the same double vowel we drop one of the vowels and we add ‘e’

Singular (Enkelvoud) Plural (Meervoud)
plaat (sheet) pla+te = plate
maan (moon) ma+ne = mane
been (bone) be+ne = bene
jaar (year) ja+re = jare
uur (hour) u+re = ure
skool (school) sko+le = skole
vraag (question) vra+e = vrae
beer (bear) be+re = bere


RULE 3 – 2 different vowels (verskillende vokale)
 Typically, just add ‘e’ at the end of the word. Keep the base word the same.

Singular (Enkelvoud) Plural (Meervoud)
huis (house) huis+e = huise
skoen (shoe) skoen+e = skoene
tuin (garden) tuin+e = tuine
deur (animal) deur+e = deure
fout (mistake) fout+e = foute
kombuis (kitchen) koumbuis+e = kombuise
stoel (chair) stoel+e = stoele
mou (sleeve) mou+e = moue




RULE 4 – double consonant

,  Just add ‘e’

Singular (Enkelvoud) Plural (Meervoud)
vark (pig) vark+e = varke
dorp (town) dorp+e = dorpe
present (present) present+e = presente


RULE 5 – if a word ends with ‘ig’ or has a short vowel and only a ‘g’
 Just add ‘te’

Singular (Enkelvoud) Plural (Meervoud)
gesig (face) gesig+te=gesigte
lig (light) lig+te = ligte
plig (duty) plig+te = pligte
vrug (fruit) vrug+te = vrugte


RULE 5 – if a word ends with ‘og’
 change ‘og’ to ‘oë’

Singular (Enkelvoud) Plural (Meervoud)
oog (eye) o+ë= oë
oorlog (war) oorl+oë = oorloë
elmboog (elbow) elmb+oë = elmboë


RULE 6 – if a word ends with ‘ag’
 Change ‘ag’ to ‘ae’

Singular (Enkelvoud) Plural (Meervoud)
vraag (question)* [minor exception] vra+e = vrae
dag (day) da+e = dae
vlag (flag) vl+ae = vlae


RULE 7 – short vowel plus ‘f’
 Change ‘f’ to ‘w’ and because it’s a short vowel we use ‘ww’ in place of ‘f’ and
add ‘e’

Singular (Enkelvoud) Plural (Meervoud)
gif (poison) gi+ww+ e = giwwe
stof (substance) sto+ww+e = stowwe
straf (punishment) stra+ww+e = strawwe
RULE 8 – double/twin vowel or twin consonant plus ‘f’