VEN2604
Assignment 1 Semester 1 2026
Unique number:
Due Date: March 2026
MBUDZISO 1: FONETIKI NA FONOḼODZHI
1.1 Zwipiḓa zwiṱanu zwa lulimi zwine zwa shuma u bveledza mibvumo
Mibvumo ya muambo i bveledzwa nga zwipiḓa zwo fhambanaho zwa muvhili zwine zwa
shuma sa zwishumiswa zwa u bula. Zwipiḓa zwiṱanu zwa ndeme ndi hezwi:
Tsha u thoma ndi milomo. Milomo i shuma kha u bveledza mibvumo ya milomo sa /p/, /b/,
na /m/. Hezwi zwi vhidzwa mibvumo ya bilabial ngauri i bulwa musi milomo mivhili i tshi
kwama kana u vala. Sa tsumbo, mubvumo /m/ kha ipfi “mama” u bulwa nga milomo mivhili i
tshi kwama.
Tsha vhuvhili ndi mano. Mano a shuma kha mibvumo i bulwaho musi lulimi lu tshi kwama
mano, sa /t/ na /d/. Hezwi zwi vhidzwa mibvumo ya dental kana alveolar, zwi tshi ya nga
fhethu hune mubvumo wa bvelela hone.
Tsha vhuraru ndi lulimi. Lulimi ndi tshithu tsha ndeme vhukuma ngauri lu a tshimbila lwa
kwama milomo, mano kana palate. Lulimi lu thusa u bveledza mibvumo ya sa /ḽ/, /n/, na /r/, i
DISCLAIMER & TERMS OF USE
Educational Aid: These study notes are intended to be used as educational resources and should not be seen as a
replacement for individual research, critical analysis, or professional consultation. Students are encouraged to perform
their own research and seek advice from their instructors or academic advisors for specific assignment guidelines.
Personal Responsibility: While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the information in
these study notes, the seller does not guarantee the completeness or correctness of all content. The buyer is
responsible for verifying the accuracy of the information and exercising their own judgment when applying it to their
assignments.
Academic Integrity: It is essential for students to maintain academic integrity and follow their institution's policies
regarding plagiarism, citation, and referencing. These study notes should be used as learning tools and sources of
inspiration. Any direct reproduction of the content without proper citation and acknowledgment may be considered
academic misconduct.
Limited Liability: The seller shall not be liable for any direct or indirect damages, losses, or consequences arising from
the use of these notes. This includes, but is not limited to, poor academic performance, penalties, or any other negative
consequences resulting from the application or misuse of the information provided.
, For additional support +27 81 278 3372
MBUDZISO 1: FONETIKI NA FONOḼODZHI
1.1 Zwipiḓa zwiṱanu zwa lulimi zwine zwa shuma u bveledza mibvumo
Mibvumo ya muambo i bveledzwa nga zwipiḓa zwo fhambanaho zwa muvhili zwine
zwa shuma sa zwishumiswa zwa u bula. Zwipiḓa zwiṱanu zwa ndeme ndi hezwi:
Tsha u thoma ndi milomo. Milomo i shuma kha u bveledza mibvumo ya milomo sa
/p/, /b/, na /m/. Hezwi zwi vhidzwa mibvumo ya bilabial ngauri i bulwa musi milomo
mivhili i tshi kwama kana u vala. Sa tsumbo, mubvumo /m/ kha ipfi “mama” u bulwa
nga milomo mivhili i tshi kwama.
Tsha vhuvhili ndi mano. Mano a shuma kha mibvumo i bulwaho musi lulimi lu tshi
kwama mano, sa /t/ na /d/. Hezwi zwi vhidzwa mibvumo ya dental kana alveolar, zwi
tshi ya nga fhethu hune mubvumo wa bvelela hone.
Tsha vhuraru ndi lulimi. Lulimi ndi tshithu tsha ndeme vhukuma ngauri lu a tshimbila
lwa kwama milomo, mano kana palate. Lulimi lu thusa u bveledza mibvumo ya sa /ḽ/,
/n/, na /r/, i bulwaho nga u kwama fhethu ho fhambanaho ha mulomo.
Tsha vhuṋa ndi palate (ṱhanga ḽa nṱha ha mulomo). Heḽi ndi fhethu ha nṱha ha
mulomo hune lulimi lwa kona u kwama u bveledza mibvumo ya palatal sa /ʃ/ kana /y/.
Tsha vhuṱanu ndi mphunga (vocal cords). Mphunga dzi shuma kha u bveledza
mubvumo wo dzumbulwaho kana wo sa dzumbulwaho. Musi mphunga dzi tshi
dzinginyega, ri wana mubvumo wo dzumbulwaho sa /b/; musi dzi sa dzinginyegi, ri
wana mubvumo wo sa dzumbulwaho sa /p/.
Zwenezwi zwipiḓa zwi shuma nga u ṱangana u bveledza mibvumo yoṱhe ya
muambo.
1.2 Ipfi ‘nmama’ na lushaka lwa nyelelano (5)
Ipfi “nmama” ḽi sumbedza nyelelano ya mubvumo wa n na m, ine ya vha nyelelano
ya assimilation. Hezwi zwi itea musi mubvumo muthihi u tshi shanduka kana u fana
na u swika tsini na munwe mubvumo.
Assignment 1 Semester 1 2026
Unique number:
Due Date: March 2026
MBUDZISO 1: FONETIKI NA FONOḼODZHI
1.1 Zwipiḓa zwiṱanu zwa lulimi zwine zwa shuma u bveledza mibvumo
Mibvumo ya muambo i bveledzwa nga zwipiḓa zwo fhambanaho zwa muvhili zwine zwa
shuma sa zwishumiswa zwa u bula. Zwipiḓa zwiṱanu zwa ndeme ndi hezwi:
Tsha u thoma ndi milomo. Milomo i shuma kha u bveledza mibvumo ya milomo sa /p/, /b/,
na /m/. Hezwi zwi vhidzwa mibvumo ya bilabial ngauri i bulwa musi milomo mivhili i tshi
kwama kana u vala. Sa tsumbo, mubvumo /m/ kha ipfi “mama” u bulwa nga milomo mivhili i
tshi kwama.
Tsha vhuvhili ndi mano. Mano a shuma kha mibvumo i bulwaho musi lulimi lu tshi kwama
mano, sa /t/ na /d/. Hezwi zwi vhidzwa mibvumo ya dental kana alveolar, zwi tshi ya nga
fhethu hune mubvumo wa bvelela hone.
Tsha vhuraru ndi lulimi. Lulimi ndi tshithu tsha ndeme vhukuma ngauri lu a tshimbila lwa
kwama milomo, mano kana palate. Lulimi lu thusa u bveledza mibvumo ya sa /ḽ/, /n/, na /r/, i
DISCLAIMER & TERMS OF USE
Educational Aid: These study notes are intended to be used as educational resources and should not be seen as a
replacement for individual research, critical analysis, or professional consultation. Students are encouraged to perform
their own research and seek advice from their instructors or academic advisors for specific assignment guidelines.
Personal Responsibility: While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the information in
these study notes, the seller does not guarantee the completeness or correctness of all content. The buyer is
responsible for verifying the accuracy of the information and exercising their own judgment when applying it to their
assignments.
Academic Integrity: It is essential for students to maintain academic integrity and follow their institution's policies
regarding plagiarism, citation, and referencing. These study notes should be used as learning tools and sources of
inspiration. Any direct reproduction of the content without proper citation and acknowledgment may be considered
academic misconduct.
Limited Liability: The seller shall not be liable for any direct or indirect damages, losses, or consequences arising from
the use of these notes. This includes, but is not limited to, poor academic performance, penalties, or any other negative
consequences resulting from the application or misuse of the information provided.
, For additional support +27 81 278 3372
MBUDZISO 1: FONETIKI NA FONOḼODZHI
1.1 Zwipiḓa zwiṱanu zwa lulimi zwine zwa shuma u bveledza mibvumo
Mibvumo ya muambo i bveledzwa nga zwipiḓa zwo fhambanaho zwa muvhili zwine
zwa shuma sa zwishumiswa zwa u bula. Zwipiḓa zwiṱanu zwa ndeme ndi hezwi:
Tsha u thoma ndi milomo. Milomo i shuma kha u bveledza mibvumo ya milomo sa
/p/, /b/, na /m/. Hezwi zwi vhidzwa mibvumo ya bilabial ngauri i bulwa musi milomo
mivhili i tshi kwama kana u vala. Sa tsumbo, mubvumo /m/ kha ipfi “mama” u bulwa
nga milomo mivhili i tshi kwama.
Tsha vhuvhili ndi mano. Mano a shuma kha mibvumo i bulwaho musi lulimi lu tshi
kwama mano, sa /t/ na /d/. Hezwi zwi vhidzwa mibvumo ya dental kana alveolar, zwi
tshi ya nga fhethu hune mubvumo wa bvelela hone.
Tsha vhuraru ndi lulimi. Lulimi ndi tshithu tsha ndeme vhukuma ngauri lu a tshimbila
lwa kwama milomo, mano kana palate. Lulimi lu thusa u bveledza mibvumo ya sa /ḽ/,
/n/, na /r/, i bulwaho nga u kwama fhethu ho fhambanaho ha mulomo.
Tsha vhuṋa ndi palate (ṱhanga ḽa nṱha ha mulomo). Heḽi ndi fhethu ha nṱha ha
mulomo hune lulimi lwa kona u kwama u bveledza mibvumo ya palatal sa /ʃ/ kana /y/.
Tsha vhuṱanu ndi mphunga (vocal cords). Mphunga dzi shuma kha u bveledza
mubvumo wo dzumbulwaho kana wo sa dzumbulwaho. Musi mphunga dzi tshi
dzinginyega, ri wana mubvumo wo dzumbulwaho sa /b/; musi dzi sa dzinginyegi, ri
wana mubvumo wo sa dzumbulwaho sa /p/.
Zwenezwi zwipiḓa zwi shuma nga u ṱangana u bveledza mibvumo yoṱhe ya
muambo.
1.2 Ipfi ‘nmama’ na lushaka lwa nyelelano (5)
Ipfi “nmama” ḽi sumbedza nyelelano ya mubvumo wa n na m, ine ya vha nyelelano
ya assimilation. Hezwi zwi itea musi mubvumo muthihi u tshi shanduka kana u fana
na u swika tsini na munwe mubvumo.
