SolutionsManualFor l l l
AConciseIntroduction
l l
toLogic14ePatrickJ. Hu
l l l l ll
rley(AllChapters)
l l
,Solutions Manual l
Patrickl J.l Hurley,l Al Concisel Introductionl tol Logic,l 14e,l 2024,l 9780357798683;l Chapte
rl1:lBasiclConcepts
TABLE OF CONTENTS
L L
Exercisel Answers .......................................................................................... 2
Exercisel1.1 ................................................................................................2
Exercisel 1.2................................................................................................6
Exercisel1.3 .............................................................................................. 10
Exercisel1.4 .............................................................................................. 12
Exercisel1.5 .............................................................................................. 14
Exercisel1.6 .............................................................................................. 16
,EXERCISE ANSWERSL
EXERCISE 1.1
L
PartlI
1. P:l l Carbonl monoxidel moleculesl happenl tol bel justl thel rightl sizel andl shape,l andlhappenl tol
havel justl thel rightl chemicall properties,l tol fitl neatlyl intol cavitiesl withinlhemoglobinl mo
leculesl inl bloodl thatl arel normallyl reservedl forl oxygenl molecules.
C:l Carbonl monoxidel diminishesl thel oxygen-carryingl capacityl ofl blood.
2. P:l Thel good,l accordingl tol Plato,l isl thatl whichl furthersl al person'sl reall interests.
C:l l Inl anyl givenl casel whenl thel goodl isl known,l menl willl seekl it.
3. P:l Thel deniall orl perversion l ofljusticel byl thelsentencesl oflcourts,lasl welll asl inl anylotherl
manner,l isl withl reasonl classedl amongl thel justl causesl ofl war.
C:l Thel federall judiciaryl oughtl tol havel cognizancel ofl alll causesl inl whichl thel citizensl oflotherl
countrieslarelconcerned.
4. P:l Whenl individualsl voluntarilyl abandonl property,l theyl forfeitl anyl expectationl oflpriv
acylinlitl thatl theyl mightl havel had.
C:l Al warrantlesslsearchl andl seizurel ofl abandonedl propertyl isl notl unreasonablel underlthelF
ourthlAmendment.
5. P1:l Artistsl andl poetsl lookl atl thel worldl andl seekl relationshipsl andl order.
P2:l Butl theyl translatel theirl ideasl tol canvas,l orl tol marble,l orl intol poeticl images.
P3l l Scientistsl tryl tol findl relationshipsl betweenl differentl objectsl andl events.
P4:l Tol expressl thel orderl theyl find,l theyl createl hypothesesl andl theories.
C:l Thel greatlscientific l theoriesl arel easilyl comparedl tol greatl artl andl greatl literature.
6. P1:l Thel animall speciesl inl Australial arel veryl differentl froml thosel onl thel mainland.
P2:l Asianl placentall mammalsl andl Australianl marsupiall mammalsl havel notl beenl inlcontactl
inlthellastlseverallmillionlyears.
C:l Therel wasl neverl al landl bridgel betweenl Australial andl thel mainland
7. P1:l Wel needl sleepl tol thinkl clearly,l reactl quickly,l andl createl memories.
P2:l Studiesl showl thatl peoplel whol arel taughtl mentallyl challengingl tasksl dol betterlafterlalg
oodlnight’slsleep.
P3:l Otherl researchl suggestsl thatl sleepl isl neededl forl creativel probleml solving.
C:l l Itl reallyl doesl matterl ifl youl getl enoughl sleep.
8. P1:l Thel classrooml teacherlisl cruciall tol thel developmentl andl academic l successl ofl thelaver
agelstudent.
P2:l Administratorsl simplyl arel ancillaryl tol thisl effort.
C:l Classrooml teachersl oughtl tol bel paidl atl leastl thel equivalentl ofl administratorsl atl allllevels,l
includinglthelsuperintendent.
, 9. P1:l Anl agreementl cannotl bindl unlessl bothl partiesltolthel agreementl knowl whatl theylareld
oinglandlfreelylchooseltoldolit.
C:l Thelsellerl whol intendsl tol enterl alcontractl withl al customerl hasl aldutyl tol discloselexactlyl
whatl thel customerl isl buyingl andl whatl thel termsl ofl thel salel are.
10. P1:l Punishment, l whenl speedyl andl specific, l mayl suppressl undesirablel behavior.
P2:l Punishmentl cannotl teachl orl encouragel desirablel alternatives.
C:l Itlisl crucialltolusel positiveltechniquesl tol modellandlreinforcel appropriate l behaviorlthatl t
hel personlcanl usel inl placel ofl thel unacceptable l responsel thatl hasl tol belsuppressed.
11. P1:l Highl profitsl arel thel signall thatl consumersl wantl morel ofl thel outputl ofl thel industry.
P2:l Highl profitsl providel thel incentivel forl firmsl tol expandl outputl andl forl morel firmsl tolenterl
thelindustrylinlthellonglrun.
P3:l Forl al firml ofl abovel averagel efficiency,l profitsl representl thel rewardl forl greaterlefficiency
.
C:l Profitl servesl al veryl cruciall functionl inl al freel enterprisel economy,l suchl asl ourl own.
12. P1:l Mylcatl regularlyl usedl tolclosel andl locklthel doorl tolmyl neighbor'sl doghouse,ltrapp
ingltheirlsleepinglDobermanlinside.
P2:l Tryl tellingl al catl whatl tol do,l orl puttingl al leashl onl him--
he'lll glarel atl youl andl say,l "Ildon'tl thinkl so.l Youl shouldl havel gottenl al dog."
C:l Catsl canl thinkl circlesl aroundl dogs.
13. P1:l Privatel propertyl helpsl peoplel definel themselves.
P2:l Privatel propertyl freesl peoplel froml mundanel caresl ofl dailyl subsistence.
P3:l Privatel propertyl isl finite.
C:l Nolindividuall shouldl accumulatel sol muchl propertyl thatl othersl arel preventedl fromlaccumulat
inglthelnecessities lofllife.
14. P1:l Tol everyl existingl thingl Godl willsl somel good.
P2:l Tol lovel anyl thingl isl nothingl elsel thanl tol willl goodl tol thatl thing.
C:l l Itl isl manifestl thatl Godl lovesl everythingl thatl exists.
15. P1:l Thel averagel workingl manl canl supportl nol morel thanl twol children.
P2:l Thel averagel workingl womanl canl takel carel ofl nol morel thanl twol childrenl inl decentlfashion.
C:l Womenl oflthel workingl class,lespeciallyl wagel workers,l shouldl notl havel morelthanltwolchi
ldrenlatlmost.
16. P1:l Thelnationsloflplanetlearthlhavelacquiredlnuclearlweaponsl withlanlexplosivel power
l equal l tol more l than l al million l Hiroshima l bombs.
P2:l Studiesl suggestl thatl explosionl ofl onlyl halfl thesel weaponsl wouldl producel enoughlsoot,l
smoke,landl dustltol blanketl thel Earth,lblockl outlthelsun,landl bringlonl alnuclearl winterl t
hatl wouldl threatenl thel survivall ofl thel humanl race.
C:l Radioactivel falloutl isn'tl thel onlyl concernl inl thel aftermathl ofl nuclearl explosions.
AConciseIntroduction
l l
toLogic14ePatrickJ. Hu
l l l l ll
rley(AllChapters)
l l
,Solutions Manual l
Patrickl J.l Hurley,l Al Concisel Introductionl tol Logic,l 14e,l 2024,l 9780357798683;l Chapte
rl1:lBasiclConcepts
TABLE OF CONTENTS
L L
Exercisel Answers .......................................................................................... 2
Exercisel1.1 ................................................................................................2
Exercisel 1.2................................................................................................6
Exercisel1.3 .............................................................................................. 10
Exercisel1.4 .............................................................................................. 12
Exercisel1.5 .............................................................................................. 14
Exercisel1.6 .............................................................................................. 16
,EXERCISE ANSWERSL
EXERCISE 1.1
L
PartlI
1. P:l l Carbonl monoxidel moleculesl happenl tol bel justl thel rightl sizel andl shape,l andlhappenl tol
havel justl thel rightl chemicall properties,l tol fitl neatlyl intol cavitiesl withinlhemoglobinl mo
leculesl inl bloodl thatl arel normallyl reservedl forl oxygenl molecules.
C:l Carbonl monoxidel diminishesl thel oxygen-carryingl capacityl ofl blood.
2. P:l Thel good,l accordingl tol Plato,l isl thatl whichl furthersl al person'sl reall interests.
C:l l Inl anyl givenl casel whenl thel goodl isl known,l menl willl seekl it.
3. P:l Thel deniall orl perversion l ofljusticel byl thelsentencesl oflcourts,lasl welll asl inl anylotherl
manner,l isl withl reasonl classedl amongl thel justl causesl ofl war.
C:l Thel federall judiciaryl oughtl tol havel cognizancel ofl alll causesl inl whichl thel citizensl oflotherl
countrieslarelconcerned.
4. P:l Whenl individualsl voluntarilyl abandonl property,l theyl forfeitl anyl expectationl oflpriv
acylinlitl thatl theyl mightl havel had.
C:l Al warrantlesslsearchl andl seizurel ofl abandonedl propertyl isl notl unreasonablel underlthelF
ourthlAmendment.
5. P1:l Artistsl andl poetsl lookl atl thel worldl andl seekl relationshipsl andl order.
P2:l Butl theyl translatel theirl ideasl tol canvas,l orl tol marble,l orl intol poeticl images.
P3l l Scientistsl tryl tol findl relationshipsl betweenl differentl objectsl andl events.
P4:l Tol expressl thel orderl theyl find,l theyl createl hypothesesl andl theories.
C:l Thel greatlscientific l theoriesl arel easilyl comparedl tol greatl artl andl greatl literature.
6. P1:l Thel animall speciesl inl Australial arel veryl differentl froml thosel onl thel mainland.
P2:l Asianl placentall mammalsl andl Australianl marsupiall mammalsl havel notl beenl inlcontactl
inlthellastlseverallmillionlyears.
C:l Therel wasl neverl al landl bridgel betweenl Australial andl thel mainland
7. P1:l Wel needl sleepl tol thinkl clearly,l reactl quickly,l andl createl memories.
P2:l Studiesl showl thatl peoplel whol arel taughtl mentallyl challengingl tasksl dol betterlafterlalg
oodlnight’slsleep.
P3:l Otherl researchl suggestsl thatl sleepl isl neededl forl creativel probleml solving.
C:l l Itl reallyl doesl matterl ifl youl getl enoughl sleep.
8. P1:l Thel classrooml teacherlisl cruciall tol thel developmentl andl academic l successl ofl thelaver
agelstudent.
P2:l Administratorsl simplyl arel ancillaryl tol thisl effort.
C:l Classrooml teachersl oughtl tol bel paidl atl leastl thel equivalentl ofl administratorsl atl allllevels,l
includinglthelsuperintendent.
, 9. P1:l Anl agreementl cannotl bindl unlessl bothl partiesltolthel agreementl knowl whatl theylareld
oinglandlfreelylchooseltoldolit.
C:l Thelsellerl whol intendsl tol enterl alcontractl withl al customerl hasl aldutyl tol discloselexactlyl
whatl thel customerl isl buyingl andl whatl thel termsl ofl thel salel are.
10. P1:l Punishment, l whenl speedyl andl specific, l mayl suppressl undesirablel behavior.
P2:l Punishmentl cannotl teachl orl encouragel desirablel alternatives.
C:l Itlisl crucialltolusel positiveltechniquesl tol modellandlreinforcel appropriate l behaviorlthatl t
hel personlcanl usel inl placel ofl thel unacceptable l responsel thatl hasl tol belsuppressed.
11. P1:l Highl profitsl arel thel signall thatl consumersl wantl morel ofl thel outputl ofl thel industry.
P2:l Highl profitsl providel thel incentivel forl firmsl tol expandl outputl andl forl morel firmsl tolenterl
thelindustrylinlthellonglrun.
P3:l Forl al firml ofl abovel averagel efficiency,l profitsl representl thel rewardl forl greaterlefficiency
.
C:l Profitl servesl al veryl cruciall functionl inl al freel enterprisel economy,l suchl asl ourl own.
12. P1:l Mylcatl regularlyl usedl tolclosel andl locklthel doorl tolmyl neighbor'sl doghouse,ltrapp
ingltheirlsleepinglDobermanlinside.
P2:l Tryl tellingl al catl whatl tol do,l orl puttingl al leashl onl him--
he'lll glarel atl youl andl say,l "Ildon'tl thinkl so.l Youl shouldl havel gottenl al dog."
C:l Catsl canl thinkl circlesl aroundl dogs.
13. P1:l Privatel propertyl helpsl peoplel definel themselves.
P2:l Privatel propertyl freesl peoplel froml mundanel caresl ofl dailyl subsistence.
P3:l Privatel propertyl isl finite.
C:l Nolindividuall shouldl accumulatel sol muchl propertyl thatl othersl arel preventedl fromlaccumulat
inglthelnecessities lofllife.
14. P1:l Tol everyl existingl thingl Godl willsl somel good.
P2:l Tol lovel anyl thingl isl nothingl elsel thanl tol willl goodl tol thatl thing.
C:l l Itl isl manifestl thatl Godl lovesl everythingl thatl exists.
15. P1:l Thel averagel workingl manl canl supportl nol morel thanl twol children.
P2:l Thel averagel workingl womanl canl takel carel ofl nol morel thanl twol childrenl inl decentlfashion.
C:l Womenl oflthel workingl class,lespeciallyl wagel workers,l shouldl notl havel morelthanltwolchi
ldrenlatlmost.
16. P1:l Thelnationsloflplanetlearthlhavelacquiredlnuclearlweaponsl withlanlexplosivel power
l equal l tol more l than l al million l Hiroshima l bombs.
P2:l Studiesl suggestl thatl explosionl ofl onlyl halfl thesel weaponsl wouldl producel enoughlsoot,l
smoke,landl dustltol blanketl thel Earth,lblockl outlthelsun,landl bringlonl alnuclearl winterl t
hatl wouldl threatenl thel survivall ofl thel humanl race.
C:l Radioactivel falloutl isn'tl thel onlyl concernl inl thel aftermathl ofl nuclearl explosions.
