Introduction to Behavioral Neuroscience
OpenStax
Chapter 15: Biological Rhythms and Sleep
Multiple Choice
1. Female rats have an estrous cycle that determines when they are sexually receptive to a
mate. When we say that this cycle repeats every ~4 days, what property of the cycle are we
describing?
A. Its period*
B. Its phase
C. Its amplitude
D. Its entrainment
Bloom’s Level 2. Understanding
2. Which statement is true about chronotype?
A. It is a stable characteristic of an organism that does not change over time
B. It describes the tendency of an individual organism to go to sleep at earlier or later
hours*
C. It has no link to health outcomes
D. Purposefully shifting your sleep rhythms against your chronotype has no benefit
Bloom’s Level 1. Remembering
3. When laboratory rodents are shifted to live in constant darkness, they still show a 24h
rhythm in their activity levels. If we were to expose an animal like this to a pulse of light in
the first half of their subjective day, what would happen to their activity rhythm?
A. Their activity rhythm would shift earlier a bit
B. Their activity rhythm would shift later a bit
C. Not much would happen*
D. Their rhythm would become disorganized
Bloom’s Level 3. Applying
4. What would happen to an animal that had its retinohypothalamic tract destroyed?
A. Their activity rhythm would shift earlier a bit
B. Their rhythm would continue but would no longer entrain to changes in external light
cues*
C. Not much would happen
D. Their rhythm would become disorganized
Bloom’s Level 3. Applying
1
, Introduction to Behavioral Neuroscience
OpenStax
5. The 24 cycle of transcription/translation feedback in circadian regulating cells best explains:
A. why animals entrain to light cues.
B. why animals can free run in constant dim light.*
C. why melatonin promotes sleep.
D. why Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells are important for regulating
circadian rhythm.
Bloom’s Level 2. Understanding
6. Among the Clock genes, high levels of CLOCK and BMAL1 protein will do what to Per/Cry?
A. High CLOCK/BMAL1 will suppress expression of Per and Cry
B. High CLOCK/BMAL1 will prevent Per/Cry from binding to CLOCK/BMAL1 promoters
C. High CLOCK/BMAL1 will promote expression of Per/Cry*
D. High CLOCK/BMAL1 will facilitate Per/Cry binding to CLOCK/BMAL1 promoters
Bloom’s Level 2. Understanding
7. Which of the following can be used to measure sleep?
A. Polysomnography
B. Subjective surveys
C. EEG
D. All of these*
Bloom’s Level 1. Remembering
8. Which of the following describes how heathy people progress through sleep stages?
A. They move from stages 1 to 4 and then REM before waking up the next morning
B. They start in REM sleep, then progress through stages 1 to 4
C. They progress through cycles of stages, but amount of time spent in each sleep stage
changes as the night goes on*
D. They oscillate randomly between stages with no order
Bloom’s Level 2. Understanding
9. Activation of which brain region promotes sleep?
A. TMN
B. Raphe nuclei
C. Locus coeruleus
D. VLPO*
Bloom’s Level 1. Remembering
2
OpenStax
Chapter 15: Biological Rhythms and Sleep
Multiple Choice
1. Female rats have an estrous cycle that determines when they are sexually receptive to a
mate. When we say that this cycle repeats every ~4 days, what property of the cycle are we
describing?
A. Its period*
B. Its phase
C. Its amplitude
D. Its entrainment
Bloom’s Level 2. Understanding
2. Which statement is true about chronotype?
A. It is a stable characteristic of an organism that does not change over time
B. It describes the tendency of an individual organism to go to sleep at earlier or later
hours*
C. It has no link to health outcomes
D. Purposefully shifting your sleep rhythms against your chronotype has no benefit
Bloom’s Level 1. Remembering
3. When laboratory rodents are shifted to live in constant darkness, they still show a 24h
rhythm in their activity levels. If we were to expose an animal like this to a pulse of light in
the first half of their subjective day, what would happen to their activity rhythm?
A. Their activity rhythm would shift earlier a bit
B. Their activity rhythm would shift later a bit
C. Not much would happen*
D. Their rhythm would become disorganized
Bloom’s Level 3. Applying
4. What would happen to an animal that had its retinohypothalamic tract destroyed?
A. Their activity rhythm would shift earlier a bit
B. Their rhythm would continue but would no longer entrain to changes in external light
cues*
C. Not much would happen
D. Their rhythm would become disorganized
Bloom’s Level 3. Applying
1
, Introduction to Behavioral Neuroscience
OpenStax
5. The 24 cycle of transcription/translation feedback in circadian regulating cells best explains:
A. why animals entrain to light cues.
B. why animals can free run in constant dim light.*
C. why melatonin promotes sleep.
D. why Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells are important for regulating
circadian rhythm.
Bloom’s Level 2. Understanding
6. Among the Clock genes, high levels of CLOCK and BMAL1 protein will do what to Per/Cry?
A. High CLOCK/BMAL1 will suppress expression of Per and Cry
B. High CLOCK/BMAL1 will prevent Per/Cry from binding to CLOCK/BMAL1 promoters
C. High CLOCK/BMAL1 will promote expression of Per/Cry*
D. High CLOCK/BMAL1 will facilitate Per/Cry binding to CLOCK/BMAL1 promoters
Bloom’s Level 2. Understanding
7. Which of the following can be used to measure sleep?
A. Polysomnography
B. Subjective surveys
C. EEG
D. All of these*
Bloom’s Level 1. Remembering
8. Which of the following describes how heathy people progress through sleep stages?
A. They move from stages 1 to 4 and then REM before waking up the next morning
B. They start in REM sleep, then progress through stages 1 to 4
C. They progress through cycles of stages, but amount of time spent in each sleep stage
changes as the night goes on*
D. They oscillate randomly between stages with no order
Bloom’s Level 2. Understanding
9. Activation of which brain region promotes sleep?
A. TMN
B. Raphe nuclei
C. Locus coeruleus
D. VLPO*
Bloom’s Level 1. Remembering
2
