QMA State Test NEED-TO-KNOW | Eye
Disorders, Glaucoma Meds & Cardiac Basics|
Latest Update Answers A+ Graded
What carries blood away from the heart?
arteries
what causes myocardial ischemia?
lack of adequate oxygen supply to the heart
What is glaucoma?
increased intraocular pressure
what meds treat glaucoma?
miotics, beta blocker
what is the action of miotics
decreases eye pressure
What are cataracts?
secondary infection, congenital disorder, reaction to medicafions or chemical toxicity
what are symptoms of cataracts?
gradual blurring of vision, milky white pupil
what is treatment of cataracts?
surgery, lens implantation, medications, or corrective glasses
what medications treat cataracts
fluorometholone (FML), prednisolone (AK-Pred), diclofenac (voltaren)
What is conjunctivitis?
inflammation of the conjunctiva
what causes conjunctiva
irritation, allergies, bacteria
,symptoms of conjunctivitis
-redness
-itchiness
-a gritty feeling (dryness)
-a discharge crust
-tearing
what are nursing considerations for eye insillation medicine
place on lower lid, do not touch bottle to eye, wait 5 mins before administrating another eye
med
what type of medication is pilocarpine HCL (pilocar)
miotic
what are nursing considerations for miotics?
monitor blood pressure, apply at nights, wait 5 mins before administrating another eye med
adverse effects of miotics
headache, perspiration, salivation, night blindness, blurred vision, possibility of increased blood
pressure
what does optic beta blockers treat?
glaucoma
optic beta blocker
timolol maleate (timoptic solution)
what is the action of timolol maleate (timoptic solution)
lowers intraocular pressure
adverse effects of optic beta blocker
eye irritation, blurred vision, reduced heart rate and blood pressure, confusion
od
right eye
os
left eye
,ou
both eyes
What do mydriatics do for the eye?
Dilate the pupil (My "D"riatic "D" for dilate)
what is the action of optic lubricants
soothes and lubricates dry eyes
Meniere's disease cause
chronic disturbance of the inner ear with soecific cause undetermined
symptoms of menieres disease
dizziness, runging in the ears, nausea and vomiting, loss of hearing as part of the disease
process
treatment of menieres disease
restrictions on salt and caffeine, may be treated with diuretics and antiemetics
What is cystitis?
inflammation of the bladder
What is edema?
- The excess accumulation of FLUID IN THE intersitial TISSUE spaces.
edema is a symptom of
congestive heart failure (CHF), and kidneys not functioning properly
rate of kidney filtration declines
effects of aging
53% decrease in renal blood flow
effects of aging
decrease in size and number of functioning nephrons
effects of aging
weakening bladder muscles, causing incomplete emptying of the bladder and urinary retention
, effects of aging
diminished kidney size
effects of aging
impaired clearance of medications through the renal system
effects of aging
decreased ability to respond to variations in sodium intake
effects of aging
Furosemide
Lasix
hydrochlorothiazide
Esidrix, Hydro-DIURIL
Spironolactone
Aldactone
what is the action of aldactone
increase urinary production
Bumetanide
bumex
side effects of diuretics
weakness, dry mouth, orthostatic hypotension, headache and abnormal loss of potassium
nursing consideration for diuretics
give with fluid, monotor for edema, daily weight change if 2lbs is significant, confusion cramping
and irregular heartbeat may be sign of low potassium, encourage resident to eat healthy high
potassium foods, encourage resident to rise slow, obtain blood pressure weekly
hypo
under
hyper
over
Disorders, Glaucoma Meds & Cardiac Basics|
Latest Update Answers A+ Graded
What carries blood away from the heart?
arteries
what causes myocardial ischemia?
lack of adequate oxygen supply to the heart
What is glaucoma?
increased intraocular pressure
what meds treat glaucoma?
miotics, beta blocker
what is the action of miotics
decreases eye pressure
What are cataracts?
secondary infection, congenital disorder, reaction to medicafions or chemical toxicity
what are symptoms of cataracts?
gradual blurring of vision, milky white pupil
what is treatment of cataracts?
surgery, lens implantation, medications, or corrective glasses
what medications treat cataracts
fluorometholone (FML), prednisolone (AK-Pred), diclofenac (voltaren)
What is conjunctivitis?
inflammation of the conjunctiva
what causes conjunctiva
irritation, allergies, bacteria
,symptoms of conjunctivitis
-redness
-itchiness
-a gritty feeling (dryness)
-a discharge crust
-tearing
what are nursing considerations for eye insillation medicine
place on lower lid, do not touch bottle to eye, wait 5 mins before administrating another eye
med
what type of medication is pilocarpine HCL (pilocar)
miotic
what are nursing considerations for miotics?
monitor blood pressure, apply at nights, wait 5 mins before administrating another eye med
adverse effects of miotics
headache, perspiration, salivation, night blindness, blurred vision, possibility of increased blood
pressure
what does optic beta blockers treat?
glaucoma
optic beta blocker
timolol maleate (timoptic solution)
what is the action of timolol maleate (timoptic solution)
lowers intraocular pressure
adverse effects of optic beta blocker
eye irritation, blurred vision, reduced heart rate and blood pressure, confusion
od
right eye
os
left eye
,ou
both eyes
What do mydriatics do for the eye?
Dilate the pupil (My "D"riatic "D" for dilate)
what is the action of optic lubricants
soothes and lubricates dry eyes
Meniere's disease cause
chronic disturbance of the inner ear with soecific cause undetermined
symptoms of menieres disease
dizziness, runging in the ears, nausea and vomiting, loss of hearing as part of the disease
process
treatment of menieres disease
restrictions on salt and caffeine, may be treated with diuretics and antiemetics
What is cystitis?
inflammation of the bladder
What is edema?
- The excess accumulation of FLUID IN THE intersitial TISSUE spaces.
edema is a symptom of
congestive heart failure (CHF), and kidneys not functioning properly
rate of kidney filtration declines
effects of aging
53% decrease in renal blood flow
effects of aging
decrease in size and number of functioning nephrons
effects of aging
weakening bladder muscles, causing incomplete emptying of the bladder and urinary retention
, effects of aging
diminished kidney size
effects of aging
impaired clearance of medications through the renal system
effects of aging
decreased ability to respond to variations in sodium intake
effects of aging
Furosemide
Lasix
hydrochlorothiazide
Esidrix, Hydro-DIURIL
Spironolactone
Aldactone
what is the action of aldactone
increase urinary production
Bumetanide
bumex
side effects of diuretics
weakness, dry mouth, orthostatic hypotension, headache and abnormal loss of potassium
nursing consideration for diuretics
give with fluid, monotor for edema, daily weight change if 2lbs is significant, confusion cramping
and irregular heartbeat may be sign of low potassium, encourage resident to eat healthy high
potassium foods, encourage resident to rise slow, obtain blood pressure weekly
hypo
under
hyper
over
