Exam Bank
1. What does the term climacteric phase describe?
A. The time after menopause when estrogen stabilizes
B. The transition period around menopause involving hormonal, physical, and psychological changes
C. The first year after the final menstrual period
D. The reproductive years before perimenopause
✅Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The climacteric phase includes endocrinologic, somatic, and psychological changes that occur around
the time of menopause, not just after it.
2. Early menopause is defined as menopause occurring at what age?
A. Before age 40
B. Before age 45
C. Before age 50
D. After age 54
✅Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Early menopause is defined as a last menstrual period (LMP) before age 45. Menopause before 40 is
classified as primary ovarian insufficiency (POI).
3. Late menopause is defined as menopause occurring at what age?
A. After age 50
B. After age 52
C. After age 54
D. After age 60
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Late menopause is defined as LMP after age 54.
,Exam Bank
4. Menopause occurring before age 40 is called which of the following?
A. Early menopause
B. Premature ovarian aging
C. Primary ovarian insufficiency
D. Late menopause
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) refers to loss of ovarian function before age 40, confirmed by
menstrual disturbance and elevated FSH.
5. Which finding defines the early menopause transition (Stage −2)?
A. 60 days of amenorrhea
B. Elevated FSH on random draw
C. Persistent ≥7-day difference in cycle length
D. Absence of ovulation for 12 months
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Early menopause transition is defined by persistent cycle length variability of ≥7 days between
consecutive cycles.
6. Which finding defines the late menopause transition (Stage −1)?
A. Missed menses for 3 months
B. ≥60 consecutive days of amenorrhea
C. Elevated AMH
D. Suppressed FSH
✅Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Late transition is marked by 60 or more consecutive days of amenorrhea.
7. What does a Luteal Out-of-Phase Event (LOOP) explain?
, Exam Bank
A. Low estrogen levels in perimenopause
B. Persistent progesterone deficiency
C. Intermittently elevated estrogen levels in perimenopause
D. Permanent anovulation
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
LOOP explains why some perimenopausal women experience high estrogen levels, even as ovarian
function declines.
8. Why do obese women often have higher estradiol levels during menopause?
A. Increased ovarian production
B. Increased adrenal secretion
C. Increased aromatization in adipose tissue
D. Decreased SHBG binding
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Adipose tissue converts androgens to estrogen via aromatization, leading to higher estrone/estradiol
levels in obese women.
9. Compared to other ethnic groups, Chinese and Japanese women tend to have:
A. Higher estradiol levels
B. Lower estradiol levels
C. Higher FSH levels
D. Earlier menopause
✅Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Chinese and Japanese women generally have lower estradiol levels than White, Black, and Hispanic
women.
10. Stage +2 (late postmenopause) typically occurs when?
A. 1–2 years after the final menstrual period
B. 2–5 years after the final menstrual period
1. What does the term climacteric phase describe?
A. The time after menopause when estrogen stabilizes
B. The transition period around menopause involving hormonal, physical, and psychological changes
C. The first year after the final menstrual period
D. The reproductive years before perimenopause
✅Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The climacteric phase includes endocrinologic, somatic, and psychological changes that occur around
the time of menopause, not just after it.
2. Early menopause is defined as menopause occurring at what age?
A. Before age 40
B. Before age 45
C. Before age 50
D. After age 54
✅Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Early menopause is defined as a last menstrual period (LMP) before age 45. Menopause before 40 is
classified as primary ovarian insufficiency (POI).
3. Late menopause is defined as menopause occurring at what age?
A. After age 50
B. After age 52
C. After age 54
D. After age 60
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Late menopause is defined as LMP after age 54.
,Exam Bank
4. Menopause occurring before age 40 is called which of the following?
A. Early menopause
B. Premature ovarian aging
C. Primary ovarian insufficiency
D. Late menopause
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) refers to loss of ovarian function before age 40, confirmed by
menstrual disturbance and elevated FSH.
5. Which finding defines the early menopause transition (Stage −2)?
A. 60 days of amenorrhea
B. Elevated FSH on random draw
C. Persistent ≥7-day difference in cycle length
D. Absence of ovulation for 12 months
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Early menopause transition is defined by persistent cycle length variability of ≥7 days between
consecutive cycles.
6. Which finding defines the late menopause transition (Stage −1)?
A. Missed menses for 3 months
B. ≥60 consecutive days of amenorrhea
C. Elevated AMH
D. Suppressed FSH
✅Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Late transition is marked by 60 or more consecutive days of amenorrhea.
7. What does a Luteal Out-of-Phase Event (LOOP) explain?
, Exam Bank
A. Low estrogen levels in perimenopause
B. Persistent progesterone deficiency
C. Intermittently elevated estrogen levels in perimenopause
D. Permanent anovulation
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
LOOP explains why some perimenopausal women experience high estrogen levels, even as ovarian
function declines.
8. Why do obese women often have higher estradiol levels during menopause?
A. Increased ovarian production
B. Increased adrenal secretion
C. Increased aromatization in adipose tissue
D. Decreased SHBG binding
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Adipose tissue converts androgens to estrogen via aromatization, leading to higher estrone/estradiol
levels in obese women.
9. Compared to other ethnic groups, Chinese and Japanese women tend to have:
A. Higher estradiol levels
B. Lower estradiol levels
C. Higher FSH levels
D. Earlier menopause
✅Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Chinese and Japanese women generally have lower estradiol levels than White, Black, and Hispanic
women.
10. Stage +2 (late postmenopause) typically occurs when?
A. 1–2 years after the final menstrual period
B. 2–5 years after the final menstrual period
