QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Continentality. Answer: Temperature difference between the coldest
and hottest months (low to high)
◉ Vine Growth Cycle. Answer: Dormancy, budburst, flowering, fruitset,
véraison, ripening
◉ Diurnal range. Answer: The difference between the lowest
temperature and the highest temperature in a 24 hour period (small to
large)
◉ Spring frost protection (4 methods). Answer: Heaters, wind machines,
sprinklers, vineyard design
◉ Types of irrigation (3). Answer: Drip irrigation, sprinklers, flood
irrigation
◉ Growing season. Answer: April to October (or October to April)
, ◉ Climate temperatures. Answer: Cool (below 16.5), moderate (16.5-
18.5), warm (18.5-21), hot (abowe 21)
◉ Climate categories. Answer: Mediterranean (Tuscany, California),
Continental (Chablis, Champagne, Austria) and Maritime (Bordeaux,
Rias Baixas)
◉ Humus. Answer: Material formed from decaying leaves and other
organic matter
◉ Loam. Answer: Soil made up of clay and sand
◉ Nutrients for a vine (3). Answer: Nitrogen, phospherous, potassium
◉ Bloom. Answer: Waxy surface covering grapeskins and containing
yeast
◉ Pulp. Answer: Fleshy part of berry containing water, sugar and acid
◉ Anaerobic winemaking. Answer: Protecting grapes and juice against
oxidation with carbon dioxide or nitrogen in the winery
◉ Secondary aromas and flavors. Answer: Lees/yeast/autolysis,
malolactic fermentation/MLF, oak