CITI Training Exam Questions and
Answers17
The Belmont principle of beneficence requires that: - ANSWERS-Risks to subjects are reasonable
in relation to anticipated benefits.
Humphreys' collecting data for the Tearoom Trade study under the pretense that he was a
lookout is an example of a violation of the principle of: - ANSWERS-Respect for persons
According to the Belmont Report, the requirement that the benefits and burdens of the
research are equitably distributed, expresses the principle of: - ANSWERS-Justice
An example cited in the Belmont Report (The National Commission 1979) stated that "During
the 19th and early 20th centuries the burdens of serving as research subjects fell largely upon
poor ward patients, while the benefits of improved medical care flowed primarily to private
patients." This is an example of a violation of which Belmont principle? - ANSWERS-Justice
A researcher submits a study to the IRB that proposes to evaluate a new after-school on-line
tutoring program for middle-school students in a local school district examining the effect on
student grades. She proposes to perform this assessment at the school that her children attend,
because she is familiar with the school district. Students may use either their personal
smartphone or computer to participate in the program. This study might be determined to be
violating which principle of the Belmont Report? - ANSWERS-Justice
Continuing review of an approved and ongoing study posing more than minimal risk that was
initially approved by a convened IRB: - ANSWERS-Must occur within 12 months of the approval
date.
,According to the federal regulations, research is eligible for exemption, if: - ANSWERS-The
research falls into one of eight categories of research activity described in the regulations.
In addition to pregnant women, fetuses, and neonates, another subpart of the HHS regulations
provides additional protections for which of the following vulnerable populations? - ANSWERS-
Prisoners
Which of the following statements about the relationship between an institution and the
institution's IRB(s) is correct? - ANSWERS-Officials of the institution may overrule an IRB
approval.
According to federal regulations, the expedited review process may be used when the study
procedures pose: - ANSWERS-No more than minimal risk and the research activities fall within
regulatory categories identified as eligible.
Which of the following are the three principles discussed in the Belmont Report? - ANSWERS-
Respect for Persons, Beneficence, Justice
Which of the following is an example of how the principle of beneficence can be applied to a
study employing human subjects? - ANSWERS-Determining that the study has a maximization of
benefits and a minimization of risks.
The Belmont Report's principle of respect for persons incorporates at least two ethical
convictions: first, that individuals should be treated as autonomous agents, and second, that: -
ANSWERS-Persons with diminished autonomy are entitled to protection.
A census is a regularly-occurring and official count of a particular population. Census data
available at the United States Census Bureau website are an example of: - ANSWERS-Public
information
, A researcher is interested in assessing risk-taking by individuals. The researcher is sitting on a
bench near a busy four-way stop intersection. She plans on recording the number of bike riders
wearing a safety helmet and whether they stop at the intersection before proceeding in order to
correlate use of safety apparel with risk-taking. This collection of information is an example of: -
ANSWERS-Public behavior
A professor at Big State University is writing a biography about Bill Gates and conducting oral
histories with all of Bill Gates' friends, family members, and business acquaintances. The
researcher submits the research proposal to the institution's IRB. What action can he expect by
the IRB? - ANSWERS-The IRB will not review this study because it is not research as defined by
the federal regulations.
According to the federal regulations, human subjects are living individuals about whom an
investigator conducting research obtains information through interaction or intervention with
the individual, and uses, studies, or analyzes the information; or: - ANSWERS-Obtains, uses,
studies, analyzes, or generates identifiable private information.
According to the federal regulations, which of the following studies meets the definition of
research with human subjects? - ANSWERS-1. A study of twenty 4th grade classrooms in which
researchers ask the schools to systematically vary the time of day reading is taught, and collect
weekly assessments of reading comprehension for each child over a three-month period.
2. A developmental psychologist videotapes interactions between groups of toddlers and their
caregivers to determine which intervention methods most effectively manage aggression.
3. A cognitive psychologist enrolls undergraduate students for a computer-based study about
the effect of mood on problem-solving behaviors.
The COI management plan aims to: - ANSWERS-Provide procedures or extras steps to be taken
to minimize the risk of bias when a COI is disclosed
A researcher's membership on an advisory board with an organization sponsoring research can
create a COI because: - ANSWERS-It may be difficult for the researcher to appear neutral, as the
researcher may have an interest in the research's success
Answers17
The Belmont principle of beneficence requires that: - ANSWERS-Risks to subjects are reasonable
in relation to anticipated benefits.
Humphreys' collecting data for the Tearoom Trade study under the pretense that he was a
lookout is an example of a violation of the principle of: - ANSWERS-Respect for persons
According to the Belmont Report, the requirement that the benefits and burdens of the
research are equitably distributed, expresses the principle of: - ANSWERS-Justice
An example cited in the Belmont Report (The National Commission 1979) stated that "During
the 19th and early 20th centuries the burdens of serving as research subjects fell largely upon
poor ward patients, while the benefits of improved medical care flowed primarily to private
patients." This is an example of a violation of which Belmont principle? - ANSWERS-Justice
A researcher submits a study to the IRB that proposes to evaluate a new after-school on-line
tutoring program for middle-school students in a local school district examining the effect on
student grades. She proposes to perform this assessment at the school that her children attend,
because she is familiar with the school district. Students may use either their personal
smartphone or computer to participate in the program. This study might be determined to be
violating which principle of the Belmont Report? - ANSWERS-Justice
Continuing review of an approved and ongoing study posing more than minimal risk that was
initially approved by a convened IRB: - ANSWERS-Must occur within 12 months of the approval
date.
,According to the federal regulations, research is eligible for exemption, if: - ANSWERS-The
research falls into one of eight categories of research activity described in the regulations.
In addition to pregnant women, fetuses, and neonates, another subpart of the HHS regulations
provides additional protections for which of the following vulnerable populations? - ANSWERS-
Prisoners
Which of the following statements about the relationship between an institution and the
institution's IRB(s) is correct? - ANSWERS-Officials of the institution may overrule an IRB
approval.
According to federal regulations, the expedited review process may be used when the study
procedures pose: - ANSWERS-No more than minimal risk and the research activities fall within
regulatory categories identified as eligible.
Which of the following are the three principles discussed in the Belmont Report? - ANSWERS-
Respect for Persons, Beneficence, Justice
Which of the following is an example of how the principle of beneficence can be applied to a
study employing human subjects? - ANSWERS-Determining that the study has a maximization of
benefits and a minimization of risks.
The Belmont Report's principle of respect for persons incorporates at least two ethical
convictions: first, that individuals should be treated as autonomous agents, and second, that: -
ANSWERS-Persons with diminished autonomy are entitled to protection.
A census is a regularly-occurring and official count of a particular population. Census data
available at the United States Census Bureau website are an example of: - ANSWERS-Public
information
, A researcher is interested in assessing risk-taking by individuals. The researcher is sitting on a
bench near a busy four-way stop intersection. She plans on recording the number of bike riders
wearing a safety helmet and whether they stop at the intersection before proceeding in order to
correlate use of safety apparel with risk-taking. This collection of information is an example of: -
ANSWERS-Public behavior
A professor at Big State University is writing a biography about Bill Gates and conducting oral
histories with all of Bill Gates' friends, family members, and business acquaintances. The
researcher submits the research proposal to the institution's IRB. What action can he expect by
the IRB? - ANSWERS-The IRB will not review this study because it is not research as defined by
the federal regulations.
According to the federal regulations, human subjects are living individuals about whom an
investigator conducting research obtains information through interaction or intervention with
the individual, and uses, studies, or analyzes the information; or: - ANSWERS-Obtains, uses,
studies, analyzes, or generates identifiable private information.
According to the federal regulations, which of the following studies meets the definition of
research with human subjects? - ANSWERS-1. A study of twenty 4th grade classrooms in which
researchers ask the schools to systematically vary the time of day reading is taught, and collect
weekly assessments of reading comprehension for each child over a three-month period.
2. A developmental psychologist videotapes interactions between groups of toddlers and their
caregivers to determine which intervention methods most effectively manage aggression.
3. A cognitive psychologist enrolls undergraduate students for a computer-based study about
the effect of mood on problem-solving behaviors.
The COI management plan aims to: - ANSWERS-Provide procedures or extras steps to be taken
to minimize the risk of bias when a COI is disclosed
A researcher's membership on an advisory board with an organization sponsoring research can
create a COI because: - ANSWERS-It may be difficult for the researcher to appear neutral, as the
researcher may have an interest in the research's success
