NSG 121- COPD Exam Questions with Correct Answers 100% Verified by Experts| 2025/2026
Latest Update
COPD is a disease state characterized by chronic airflow limitation that is not... fully
reversible
How much of an annual cost does COPD account for? $50 billion
COPD is the... fourth leading cause of death in the US
COPD consists of what two disorders? emphysema and chronic bronchitis
Pathophysiology of COPD increase in mucus production, chronic inflammation in parts of
the lung, structural changes resulting from a continuous cycle of destruction and repair
The inflammatory response is through to be... an amplification of the normal inflammatory
response
COPD results in the loss... of lung capacity & hyperinflation of the lung
What happens to the alveoli? some are destroyed or large and flabby with less area for gas
exchange
Elastin is broken down... alveolar sacs lose elasticity and small airways collapse or narrow
What are the two types of Emphysema? panlobular and centrilobular
S/S of Emphysema increased CO2 retention, minimal cyanosis, dyspnea, hyperresonance,
orthopnic, barrel chest, exertional dyspnea, prolonged expiratory time, anxious, use of
accessory muscles, thin appearance
, Panlobular Emphysema hereditary; r/t deficiency of alpha 1 antitrypsin
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin protects lungs, remodeling and damage to alveoli
Centrilobular r/t smoking, abnormal enlargement prone to collapse and air trapping, alveoli
destroyed
What causes external airway compression and obstruction in emphysema? hyperinflation
and air trapping
Emphysema patient is also known as.. the pink puffer
What will help emphysema and why? pursed lip breathing, helps release CO2
Emphysema is characterized by... the abnormal enlargement of the air spaces beyond the
terminal bronchioles with destruction of the walls of the alveoli
Emphysema: destruction of the alveoli they are reduced and predisposed to collapse during
exhalation
Chronic Bronchitis patient is also known as... the blue bloater
S/S of Chronic Bronchitis recurrent cough, increased sputum, hypoxia, hypercapnea,
increased Hgb, increased RR, exertional dyspnea, heavy cigarette smoking, digital clubbing,
cardiac enlargement
Chronic Bronchitis ONLY involves... the airways
Latest Update
COPD is a disease state characterized by chronic airflow limitation that is not... fully
reversible
How much of an annual cost does COPD account for? $50 billion
COPD is the... fourth leading cause of death in the US
COPD consists of what two disorders? emphysema and chronic bronchitis
Pathophysiology of COPD increase in mucus production, chronic inflammation in parts of
the lung, structural changes resulting from a continuous cycle of destruction and repair
The inflammatory response is through to be... an amplification of the normal inflammatory
response
COPD results in the loss... of lung capacity & hyperinflation of the lung
What happens to the alveoli? some are destroyed or large and flabby with less area for gas
exchange
Elastin is broken down... alveolar sacs lose elasticity and small airways collapse or narrow
What are the two types of Emphysema? panlobular and centrilobular
S/S of Emphysema increased CO2 retention, minimal cyanosis, dyspnea, hyperresonance,
orthopnic, barrel chest, exertional dyspnea, prolonged expiratory time, anxious, use of
accessory muscles, thin appearance
, Panlobular Emphysema hereditary; r/t deficiency of alpha 1 antitrypsin
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin protects lungs, remodeling and damage to alveoli
Centrilobular r/t smoking, abnormal enlargement prone to collapse and air trapping, alveoli
destroyed
What causes external airway compression and obstruction in emphysema? hyperinflation
and air trapping
Emphysema patient is also known as.. the pink puffer
What will help emphysema and why? pursed lip breathing, helps release CO2
Emphysema is characterized by... the abnormal enlargement of the air spaces beyond the
terminal bronchioles with destruction of the walls of the alveoli
Emphysema: destruction of the alveoli they are reduced and predisposed to collapse during
exhalation
Chronic Bronchitis patient is also known as... the blue bloater
S/S of Chronic Bronchitis recurrent cough, increased sputum, hypoxia, hypercapnea,
increased Hgb, increased RR, exertional dyspnea, heavy cigarette smoking, digital clubbing,
cardiac enlargement
Chronic Bronchitis ONLY involves... the airways
