CSO EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

CSO EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT v v v v v




ANSWERS 2025/2026 v v




Cancer cachexia - CORRECT ANSWER -per sample test question:temporal wasting, depleted fat
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stores, profound anorexia
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Multifactorial syndrome characterized by ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass, anorexia, early
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satiety,wt loss, anemia,edema,fatigue, possiblemetabolic alterations, increased inflammatory
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markers and progressive functional impairment.
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Pathophysiologycharacterized bynegativeprotein energybalancedrivenbyvariable combination v v v v v v v v v v




of reduced food intake and abnormal metabolism
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Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) - CORRECT ANSWER -a disease caused by the immune response v v v v v v v v v v v v




of histoincompatible, immunocompetent donor cells against the tissues of an
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immunoincompetent host; an immuniologic reaction of allogeneic donor cells (graft) reacting against
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the pt (host) tissues
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Evidenced by icterus & abnormal liver functions, severe /secretory diarrhea - may need total bowel
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rest --> isomotic, low residue, lactose-free diet --> solids with low lactose, fiber, fat & acideity,
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gastric irritants --> regular diet
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- usually 3 months after transplant (but may be 7-10 days post)
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Tumor necrosis factor - CORRECT ANSWER -a protein that is produced chiefly by monocytes and
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macrophages in response especially to endotoxins and that mediates inflammation and induces the
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destruction of some tumor cells and the activation of white blood cells
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(cachectin, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, interferon-y); a hormone-like protein that releases fat
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from fat stores, reduces the concentration of enzymes required for the production and storage of fat
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& induces a stage of anorexia
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,Cultural-Halaldiet- CORRECT ANSWER-Muslim/Islamic law. Fasting v v v v v v v




v common

Women have decreased sun exposure 2/2 coverings
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Forbidden: pork, pork products, gelatin, ETOH (including extracts), diet can be low in heme iron
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Cultural-Kosher diet - CORRECT ANSWER -Jewish dietary laws/ Parve: v v v v v v v v




Separate utensilsfor food prep/eating v v v v




Diet tends to be high in cholesterol, sat fat, sodium, consider DASH
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Forbidden: pork, porkproducts, rabbit, shellfish, eelv v v v v v




ALL meats must be slaughtered according to Jewish Law, blood drained prior to cooking/eating.
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Dairy: milk can be consumed prior to a meal or 3-6 hours after meal
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No leavened bread during passover
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Fasting during yom kippur v v v




Cultural-Macrobioticdiet - CORRECT ANSWER -Avoid animal products including dairy, eggs, coffee, v v v v v v v v v v v




sugar, poultry, and processed foods.
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No "nightshadevegetables" includingpotato,peppers and eggplant Diet
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may be deficient in protein, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and calcium
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50-60% from whole grains, 25-30% from veg, remaining from beans, seaweed, soups
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,Cultural-Seventh-DayAdventist:- CORRECT ANSWER -Lacto-ovovegetariandiet Avoid v v v v v v v v




v overeating

Snacking discouraged v




Strong seasonings avoided v v




Avoid: beef, lamb, pork, chicken, seafood, coffee, tea and alcohol Diet
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may be deficient in protein, iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and calcium
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Cultural-The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter -DaySaints (Mormons) - CORRECT ANSWER - forbidden:
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ETOH, hot drinks (coffee-tea), caffeine
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Church encouraged limited meat consumption and to eat mostly grains Some
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v fast 1 day per month and donate food money to the poor
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Antiemetics-5-HT3serotoninantagonists v v




Dolasetron/anzemet

Granisetron/kytril
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Ondansetron/zofran - CORRECT ANSWER -most effective in the prevention and treatment of v v v v v v v v v v v




chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), esp caused by highly emetogenic drugs such
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as cisplatin; when used for this purpose, they may be given alone or, more frequently, with
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glucocorticoid, usually dexamethasone.
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Theyare usuallygiven intravenously,shortlybeforeadministration ofthechemotherapeutic agent.
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The concomitant administration of a NK1 receptor antagonist, such as aprepitant, increases the
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efficacy of 5-HT3 antagonists in preventing both acute and delayed CINV.
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The 5-HT3 antagonists are also indicated in the prevention and treatmentof radiation-induced
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nausea and vomiting (RINV) and post-op nausea and vomiting (PONV).
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, Side effects: headache, diarrhea, constipation, possible EKG changes, somnolence
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Chemotx that cause delayed N/V - CORRECT ANSWER -associated with cisplatin,
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cyclophosphamide, and other drugs (e.g., doxorubicin and ifosfamide) given at high doses or given on
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2 or more consecutive days
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Suggestions for managing anticipatory nausea &vomiting: - CORRECT ANSWER -Physchological
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techniques and/or the use of benzodiazepines such as lorazepam (Ativan®)
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Suggestions for Managing Nausea &Vomiting: - CORRECT ANSWER -*Eat small, frequent meals and
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snacks
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*Eat toast, crackers, drycereal, bread sticks, pretzels
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*Try yogurt, sherbet, rice, noodles, baked chicken
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*Serve foods cold or at room temperature
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*Avoid hot, spicy foods v v v




*Avoid fatty, greasy and fried foods- potato chips,french fries, fried meat and sausage
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*Avoid sweet, fattyfoods such ascandy,cookies or cake
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*Avoid caffeineand alcohol v v v




*Suck on hard candies, peppermints or lemon drops
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*Slowly drink or sip liquids throughout the day including sports drinks, ginger ale, apple juice and
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flat pop
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*TryEnsure®Enlive!
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Mucositis - CORRECT ANSWER -painful inflammation & ulceration of the mucous membranes lining
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the digestive tract, can affect the entire alimentary track from the mouth to the rectum. Usually as an
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adverse effect of chemotherapy and radiation treatment for cancer.
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