MN551 ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ A woman with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes has been ordered by her
primary care provider to have a hemoglobin A1C test for the first time.
The woman states, "I don't see why you want to test my blood cells
when it's sugar that's the problem." What aspect of physiology will
underlie the care provider's response to the patient?
A.)The amount of glucose attached to A1C cells reflects the average
blood glucose levels over the life of the cell.
B)Hemoglobin synthesis by the bone marrow is inversely proportionate
to blood glucose levels, with low A1C indicating hyperglycemia.
C)The high metabolic needs of red cells and their affinity for free
glucose indicate the amount of glucose that has been available over 6 to
12 weeks.
D)Insulin is a glucose receptor agonist on the hemoglobin molecule, and
high glucose suggests low insulin levels.. Answer: The amount of
glucose attached to A1C cells reflects the average blood glucose levels
over the life of the cell.
,◉ A 30 year old man with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is aware of the
multiple effects that insulin has on his metabolism. Which of the
following physiological processes are actions of insulin?. Answer:
Facilitating triglycerides from glucose in fat cells
◉ A three-year-old girl has just been diagnosed with type 1A diabetes
and her parents are currently receiving education from the diabetes
education nurse at the hospital where their daughter is receiving
treatment. How can the nurse best explain the etiology of their
daughter's health problem to her parents?
A.) Environmental and lifestyle factors are known to play a part in the
fact that her pancreas secretes and withholds insulin at the wrong times."
B.) "This tendency to produce insufficient amounts of insulin is likely
something that she inherited."
C.) "It's not known exactly why your daughter has completely stopped
making insulin, and treatment will consist of your rigidly controlling her
diet."
D.) "The problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has
destroyed the cells in herpancreas that produce insulin. Answer: "The
problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has destroyed
the cells in her pancreas that produce insulin."
,◉ Which of the following statements best captures an aspect of the role
of hormones in the body?
A.) Some chemical substances can function as hormones or be integrated
with the central and peripheral nervous systems.
B)Hormones directly initiate many of the processes that contribute to
homeostasis.
C)Control of body processes is ensured by the fact that a single hormone
can only exert one effect on one specific system or tissue.
D)Each hormone that exists in the body is produced by only one specific
endocrine gland.. Answer: Some chemical substances can function as
either hormones or neurotransmitters.
◉ What does a high level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate?
A.) Thyroid nodule
B.) Hyperthyroidism
C.) Myxedema
, D.) Hypothyroidism. Answer: Hypothyroidism
◉ Which of the following statements best captures the role of the
adrenal cortex in maintaining homeostasis?
Question 1 options:
A. Normal sexual function is dependent on adequate adrenal cortical
function.
B. Redundant, secondary production of adrenal cortical hormones can
compensate for the loss of the adrenal glands.
C. The adrenal cortical hormones are primarily steroids and sex
hormones.
D. The adrenal cortex is responsible for the production of epinephrine
and norepinephrine, which are part of the sympathetic nervous system..
Answer: The adrenal cortical hormones are primarily steroids and sex
hormones.
◉ A three-year-old girl has been diagnosed with amblyopia. Which of
the following pathophysiologic processes is most likely to underlie her
health problem?
Question 2 options:
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ A woman with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes has been ordered by her
primary care provider to have a hemoglobin A1C test for the first time.
The woman states, "I don't see why you want to test my blood cells
when it's sugar that's the problem." What aspect of physiology will
underlie the care provider's response to the patient?
A.)The amount of glucose attached to A1C cells reflects the average
blood glucose levels over the life of the cell.
B)Hemoglobin synthesis by the bone marrow is inversely proportionate
to blood glucose levels, with low A1C indicating hyperglycemia.
C)The high metabolic needs of red cells and their affinity for free
glucose indicate the amount of glucose that has been available over 6 to
12 weeks.
D)Insulin is a glucose receptor agonist on the hemoglobin molecule, and
high glucose suggests low insulin levels.. Answer: The amount of
glucose attached to A1C cells reflects the average blood glucose levels
over the life of the cell.
,◉ A 30 year old man with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is aware of the
multiple effects that insulin has on his metabolism. Which of the
following physiological processes are actions of insulin?. Answer:
Facilitating triglycerides from glucose in fat cells
◉ A three-year-old girl has just been diagnosed with type 1A diabetes
and her parents are currently receiving education from the diabetes
education nurse at the hospital where their daughter is receiving
treatment. How can the nurse best explain the etiology of their
daughter's health problem to her parents?
A.) Environmental and lifestyle factors are known to play a part in the
fact that her pancreas secretes and withholds insulin at the wrong times."
B.) "This tendency to produce insufficient amounts of insulin is likely
something that she inherited."
C.) "It's not known exactly why your daughter has completely stopped
making insulin, and treatment will consist of your rigidly controlling her
diet."
D.) "The problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has
destroyed the cells in herpancreas that produce insulin. Answer: "The
problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has destroyed
the cells in her pancreas that produce insulin."
,◉ Which of the following statements best captures an aspect of the role
of hormones in the body?
A.) Some chemical substances can function as hormones or be integrated
with the central and peripheral nervous systems.
B)Hormones directly initiate many of the processes that contribute to
homeostasis.
C)Control of body processes is ensured by the fact that a single hormone
can only exert one effect on one specific system or tissue.
D)Each hormone that exists in the body is produced by only one specific
endocrine gland.. Answer: Some chemical substances can function as
either hormones or neurotransmitters.
◉ What does a high level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate?
A.) Thyroid nodule
B.) Hyperthyroidism
C.) Myxedema
, D.) Hypothyroidism. Answer: Hypothyroidism
◉ Which of the following statements best captures the role of the
adrenal cortex in maintaining homeostasis?
Question 1 options:
A. Normal sexual function is dependent on adequate adrenal cortical
function.
B. Redundant, secondary production of adrenal cortical hormones can
compensate for the loss of the adrenal glands.
C. The adrenal cortical hormones are primarily steroids and sex
hormones.
D. The adrenal cortex is responsible for the production of epinephrine
and norepinephrine, which are part of the sympathetic nervous system..
Answer: The adrenal cortical hormones are primarily steroids and sex
hormones.
◉ A three-year-old girl has been diagnosed with amblyopia. Which of
the following pathophysiologic processes is most likely to underlie her
health problem?
Question 2 options:
