GRADED A+
✔✔What medication is recommended by ACLS in all pulseless conditions? - ✔✔* 1mg
of epinephrine
✔✔What enzyme peaks late, usually 2 days after MI? - ✔✔* troponin
* delays returning to the baseline
✔✔What is the heparin antagonist? - ✔✔protamine
✔✔What is the formula for BP? - ✔✔BP = CO x SVR
✔✔Normal Hct values - ✔✔42% to 52% for men
37% to 47% for women
✔✔A patient has symptomatic narrow QRS complex tachycardia. What should be the
first treatment? - ✔✔*first vagal maneuvers, then 6mg adenosine
✔✔What is the Pericardial tamponade treatment? - ✔✔*pericardiocentesis (use of a
needle (catheter) to remove fluid)
✔✔Mitral stenosis characteristics - ✔✔high PCWP/LA pressure
high LVEDP p1-p2
✔✔Facts about Mynx closure device - ✔✔* 95% water and 5% PEG (freeze dried)
disintegrate in 30 days.
Uses a semi compliant balloon within the artery to provide a temporary hemostasis.
The freeze dry PEG is delivery above the arteriomy
✔✔What is Pericardium tamponade? - ✔✔excess of blood in pericardium space, due to
LV dissection, vessel perforation
✔✔What does an LV gram in LAO show? - ✔✔* lateral, septal, apical motion.
Ventricular septal defect ( picture is drawn on flashcard)
✔✔What does an LV gram in RAO view show? (most common) - ✔✔* anterior, inferior,
apical wall notion. Mitral valve
✔✔The main mechanism of in-stent restenosis - ✔✔* neointimal hyperplasia (which is
migration of cells to tunica intima causing thickening of artery wall)
✔✔Maximum RAD exposure - ✔✔* 1 REM x current age ( 0.01 Stroke volume X Age)
, ✔✔What is the action Isoproterenol (Isuprel) - ✔✔* increase contractility
✔✔x-ray beam that controls amount of electrons - ✔✔* Milliamperage (mAs)
✔✔Verapamil is used to treat what heart rhythm? - ✔✔* A fib/ A flutter
✔✔Hgb normal range - ✔✔males 14 to 18 g/dl;
females is 12 to 16 g/dl
✔✔Cardiac tamponade will show? - ✔✔Pulsus paradoxus (When you inhale pulsus
disappear)
✔✔X-ray beam that controls the quality of pictures - ✔✔kVp Kilovoltage potential
✔✔Beta receptors effect in the heart - ✔✔Relaxes vessels in the heart
✔✔Mitral regurgitation will cause? - ✔✔The elevation of V-wave in LA/PCWP.
Normal P vein blood + LV regurgitation = increase V wave
✔✔What is the minimum safer distance from x-ray? - ✔✔6 feet
✔✔Point of resistance in peripheral arterial system? Controls blood flow to organs. -
✔✔arterioles
✔✔What medications do you give a patient with contrast allergies? - ✔✔1.
Antihistamine -- Benadryl
2. Sterioid -- prednisone
3. Pepson -- cinetidine
✔✔Facts about Troponin T or troponin I - ✔✔Rise 2-6 hours after injury
Peak in 12-16 hours
Stays elevated for 5-14 days
✔✔What parasympathetic blocker increases all cardiac parameters? - ✔✔Atropine
✔✔What maneuver can reduce preload? - ✔✔Valsalva maneuver
✔✔Angiographic view for an LCA ostium? - ✔✔Shallow (20) RAO
✔✔What is an ideal ACT when doing a cardiac intervention? - ✔✔Greater than 250
seconds
✔✔What is a normal WBC? - ✔✔5000-10000