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cell structures and transport
chemical organization notes
brain and cranial nerves
Class notes for Dr. A's NBB 302 course
GI and Biliary Disorders 
● Hepatitis: inflamed liver 
○ Patho 
■ Acute 
● Viral infection, liver damage, cholestasis: decrease in bile flow due 
to impaired secretion or obstruction of bile flow through bile ducts 
(retain substances normally excreted into bile: bile salts and 
bilirubin) 
● Usually no long-lasting effects; liver cells regenerate 
■ Chronic 
● Hepatitis c 
● Can cause fibrosis → cirrhosis 
○ Types 
■ A: prevent by hygiene, vaccine, wash fruits and veggies ...
C16 Fluid and Electrolytes 
1. Explain the different types of IV fluids and their use with regard to fluid and 
sodium imbalance. (2 question) 
2. Distinguish among hypovolemia, hypervolemia and normovolemia (1 question) 
3. Identify the normal serum levels of electrolytes (1 question) 
4. Discuss the treatment of each hyper/hypo electrolyte imbalance (1 question) 
5. Identify appropriate clinical interventions and evaluation for a patient with 
different types of fluid imbalance (1 question) 
C...