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Exam (elaborations)

PHL 218 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS

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PHL 218 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS

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PHL 218
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PHL 218










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Institution
PHL 218
Course
PHL 218

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Uploaded on
December 26, 2025
Number of pages
16
Written in
2025/2026
Type
Exam (elaborations)
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Mill believed that, over time, societies...


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strengthen the less selfish elements of human nature




When Hobbes says that the laws of nature do not always obligate us "in foro ______" he
is saying that we must always be on the lookout for opportunities where it is safe to

,put them into action, but we should not actually put them into action unless it is safe
to do so"


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Interno




When Aristotle writes that the mean is "relative to us", he is adopting moral relativism
and claiming that the right amount of an appetite, passion, desire or emotion is
whatever you believe it is


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False, something can be without being relative




The ability that rational beings have to transcend or resist their inclinations and do
what reason says is called _____


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Autonomy




Kant thinks that morality comes from reason because that's the only way that it could
be_____


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, Universal among rational beings




In chapter 5, Mill tells us that "justice" refers to a collection of moral rules so important
that society cannot function without them. This discussion makes Mill appear to be


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Some kind of two-level utilitarian




Suppose that Maria likes to help others. According to the more modern interpretation
of Kant, does she have the Good Will?


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Maybe, but to be sure, we'd have to know whether she would still help
others even if she did not want to




According to Hobbes, the ultimate Law of Nature requires you to do whatever it takes
to ensure your own _____"


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