Where can we find out which medications are likely to cause psychological or
physiological problems in the elderly?
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-Beers list: meds associated with mental and physiologic problems in the
elderly
-Result: contribute to confusion, dizziness, constipation, and urinary
retention
Describe risk factors for AKI
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1. CKD
2. Advanced age, diabetes, HTN, CHF, volume depletion
3. Nephrotoxic durgs: contrast agents, aminoglycosides, NSAIDs, ACE-I
, 4. "Heart-kidney connection" and cardiorenal syndrome: heart disease can
accelerate kidney problems; kidney disease speeds up heart disease
Which dysrhythmias are treated with defibrillation?
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-Ventricular fibrillation
-PULSELESS ventricular tachycardia
List 2 interventions for cardiogenic shock?
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1. Limit myocardial damage: reperfusion therapy for AMI, correct
dysrhythmias. NO fluids
2. Reverse hypoxemia and acidosis: oxygen, coronary vasodilators,
decrease myocardial workload
How is a patient who takes anticoagulant medications like warfarin managed
following trauma?
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-Increases bleeding risk and worsens outcomes in trauma patients,
especially those with TBI
-Management: VItamin K and FFP
, List two standard treatments for high serum ammonia levels
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1. Lactulose: acidic environment results in ammonia being drawn out of the
portal circulation, laxative effect that promotes expulsion
2. Rifaximin: removes/decreases production of nitrogenous waste in large
intestine
3. Other: protein restriction, restrict hepatotoxic drugs
When should a vasopressor be added to the interventions?
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6 hour bundle: vasopressors for hypotension that doesn't respond to fluids;
norepi recommended
What are the clinical indications of hyperkalemia?
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-Irritable and restless; anxiety; N/V; abdominal cramps; weakness; N/T;
cardiac dysrhythmias
-ECG: Peaked T waves, widening QRS interval, V-tach or V-fib
Why might patients get worse over a few days following a brain injury?
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physiological problems in the elderly?
Give this one a try later!
-Beers list: meds associated with mental and physiologic problems in the
elderly
-Result: contribute to confusion, dizziness, constipation, and urinary
retention
Describe risk factors for AKI
Give this one a try later!
1. CKD
2. Advanced age, diabetes, HTN, CHF, volume depletion
3. Nephrotoxic durgs: contrast agents, aminoglycosides, NSAIDs, ACE-I
, 4. "Heart-kidney connection" and cardiorenal syndrome: heart disease can
accelerate kidney problems; kidney disease speeds up heart disease
Which dysrhythmias are treated with defibrillation?
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-Ventricular fibrillation
-PULSELESS ventricular tachycardia
List 2 interventions for cardiogenic shock?
Give this one a try later!
1. Limit myocardial damage: reperfusion therapy for AMI, correct
dysrhythmias. NO fluids
2. Reverse hypoxemia and acidosis: oxygen, coronary vasodilators,
decrease myocardial workload
How is a patient who takes anticoagulant medications like warfarin managed
following trauma?
Give this one a try later!
-Increases bleeding risk and worsens outcomes in trauma patients,
especially those with TBI
-Management: VItamin K and FFP
, List two standard treatments for high serum ammonia levels
Give this one a try later!
1. Lactulose: acidic environment results in ammonia being drawn out of the
portal circulation, laxative effect that promotes expulsion
2. Rifaximin: removes/decreases production of nitrogenous waste in large
intestine
3. Other: protein restriction, restrict hepatotoxic drugs
When should a vasopressor be added to the interventions?
Give this one a try later!
6 hour bundle: vasopressors for hypotension that doesn't respond to fluids;
norepi recommended
What are the clinical indications of hyperkalemia?
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-Irritable and restless; anxiety; N/V; abdominal cramps; weakness; N/T;
cardiac dysrhythmias
-ECG: Peaked T waves, widening QRS interval, V-tach or V-fib
Why might patients get worse over a few days following a brain injury?
Give this one a try later!
