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What is one of the most important characteristics of crime? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔how often it is committed
From such data we can determine the ______, the increases and
decreases of crime over time. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔crime trends
To fully understand crime, its genesis and development must be studied
within the context of the nation's ___. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔history
Violent crime, especially homicide, tend to be the focus of trend studies
because they: - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔have reliable data
,occur in all times and places
occur often enough to allow for statistical analysis
homicide has a universal definition
The historical forces that shaped contemporary America began to fall into
place about 135 years ago in the 1880s when:
The U.S. developed an ___ economy.
Formed great ___ centers.
Receive massive influxes of ____.
First experienced massive migrations of ______ from the south to other
regions of the country. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔industrial
metropolitan
immigrants
African Americans
Going back that far to study crime gives us what? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔different
perspectives on its causes
___ becomes an important variable to consider. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔culture
(black/white, Irish/Germans)
,U.S. history also raises doubt about the role of ___ in crime. It also tells us
that ____ downturns and upswings are inconsistently related to violent
crime. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔cities
economic
The Great American Crime Decline
The usual suspects? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔imprisonment
demography
economy
Imprisonment
After 1973, the rate of imprisonment in the U.S. expands more than ____.
Reason: increased ___ for crimes to "get tough on crime"
Hypothesis: incapacitation and general ___.
Findings: general deterrence is almost impossible to ____. We should
acknowledge that ___ does reduce crime (not much though) the impact is a
reduction between 10 and 27%. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔threefold
penalties
deterrence
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, measure
incapacitation
Demography:
___ ____ were coming into the 15-24 age range during the 60s-70s. Does
this expand the rise in crime?
Hypothesis: the larger size of the youth relative to the adult population
breaks down the efficiency of the ____ process that civilizes young people.
Findings: a smaller share of the population in a high risk group pushed
down crime rates but its only when this shift coincides with a decline in the
______ that we see dramatic swings. (1990s) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔baby
boomers
socialization
crime rates
Economy:
Economic prosperity was ___ in the early 1960s as the crime rate was
increasing.