A and P PNS & ANS Exam Bank: BIO 204 | Complete Questions and Answers Latest 2026 - Mount Wachusett Community College.

Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________ ID: A 1 A&P PNS & ANS STUDY GUIDE revised Aug 12 ____ 1. Which of the following statements accurately defines peripheral nerve? A) Process of the neuron that carries a nerve impulse away from the cell body toward the target cell B) Small structure that carries out many of the body's homeostatic functions C) Superior part of the brain accounting for the great majority of its mass D) Bundles of axons that travel together in a common connective tissue sheath ____ 2. Which of the following statements accurately defines cranial nerve? A) Peripheral nerves that attach to the brain B) Gland in the dermis that produces sweat and functions in thermoregulation and excretion C) Nerve endings in the dermis that function in discriminative touch D) Peripheral nerves that originate from the ventricles ____ 3. Which of the following statements accurately defines spinal nerve? A) Peripheral nerves that attach to the spinal cord B) An electrical impulse conducted along the neuron membrane C) Cell in the deep part of the epidermis that produces the pigment melanin D) Nerve endings in the dermis that function as deep pressure receptors ____ 4. Which of the following statements accurately defines sympathetic nervous system? A) The branch of the ANS that adapts the body for stress and exercise B) Intersecting groups of nerves that serve the same body region C) The branch of the ANS that adapts the body for emotion D) The branch of the ANS that adapts the body for rest and digestion ____ 5. Which of the following statements accurately defines parasympathetic nervous system? A) Bundles of axons that travel together in a common connective tissue sheath B) The branch of the ANS that adapts the body for rest and digestion C) Intersecting groups of nerves that serve the same body region D) None of the above ____ 6. Which of the following statements accurately defines fascicle? A) Peripheral nerves that originate from the spinal cord B) Bundle of nerves in the center of the brain C) Bundles of axons grouped together and bound by the perineurium D) Found at the end of each telodendrion; contains synaptic vesicles ____ 7. Which of the following statements accurately defines epineurium? A) The CT sheath that binds together the groups of fascicles, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels in a peripheral nerve B) The branch of the ANS that adapts the body for rest and digestion C) A vesicle containing neurotransmitters in the axon terminal of a neuron D) Fluid-filled space at a synapse through which neurotransmitters diffuseName: ________________________ ID: A 2 ____ 8. Which of the following statements accurately defines perineurium? A) Extracellular matrix surrounding brain fibers B) The CT sheath that surrounds each individual fascicle C) The CT sheath that binds together the groups of fascicles, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels in a peripheral nerve D) The CT sheath that surrounds each individual axon ____ 9. Which of the following statements accurately defines endoneurium? A) The CT sheath that surrounds each individual axon B) The CT sheath that surrounds each individual fascicle C) The CT sheath that binds together the groups of fascicles, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels in a peripheral nerve D) The most inferior portion of the brainstem ____ 10. Which of the following statements accurately defines cervical plexus? A) The ventral rami of L1–L4 that serve the pelvis and lower limb B) The CT sheath that binds together the groups of fascicles, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels in a peripheral nerve C) Portion of the brain that recognizes fear and releases endorphins D) The ventral rami of C1–C4 (and a small contribution from C5) that serve the head and neck ____ 11. Which of the following statements accurately defines brachial plexus? A) The ventral rami of C1–C4 B) The ventral rami of C5–T1 that serve the upper limb C) A nerve fiber D) The most superior portion of the brainstem ____ 12. Which of the following statements accurately defines lumbar plexus? A) Cavities in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid B) Irregular bones that make up the vertebral column C) The ventral rami of L1–L4 that serve the pelvis and lower limb D) Superficial triangular muscle on the posterosuperior back ____ 13. Which of the following statements accurately defines sacral plexus? A) The ventral rami of L4–S4 that serve the pelvis and lower limb B) The ventral rami of C1–C4 (and a small contribution from C5) that serve the head and neck C) The ventral rami of C5–T1 that serve the upper limb D) The ventral rami of L1–L4 that serve the pelvis and lower limbName: ________________________ ID: A 3 Figure 14.1A Nerve plexuses and the anterior rami of the spinal nerves: brachial plexus. ____ 14. In Figure 14.1A, identify number 1. A) Axillary nerve B) Digital branch of the median nerve C) Median nerve D) Muscular branch of the median nerve E) Musculocutaneous nerve F) Radial nerve G) Ulnar nerveName: ________________________ ID: A 4 ____ 15. In Figure 14.1A, identify number 2. A) Axillary nerve B) Humerus C) Median nerve D) Musculocutaneous nerve E) Radial nerve F) Radius G) Ulna ____ 16. In Figure 14.1A, identify number 3. A) Axillary nerve B) Ulna C) Median nerve D) Musculocutaneous nerve E) Radial nerve F) Radius G) Ulnar nerve ____ 17. In Figure 14.1A, identify number 4. A) Axillary nerve B) Ulna C) Median nerve D) Musculocutaneous nerve E) Radial nerve F) Radius G) Ulnar nerve ____ 18. In Figure 14.1A, identify number 5. A) Median nerve B) Humerus C) Musculocutaneous nerve D) Radius E) Radial nerve F) Ulnar nerve G) Ulna ____ 19. In Figure 14.1A, identify number 6. A) Axillary nerve B) Humerus C) Median nerve D) Radial nerve E) Radius F) Ulna G) Ulnar nerveName: ________________________ ID: A 5 ____ 20. In Figure 14.1A, identify number 7. A) Humerus B) Median nerve C) Musculocutaneous nerve D) Radial nerve E) Radius F) Ulnar nerve G) Ulna ____ 21. In Figure 14.1A, identify number 8. A) Axillary nerve B) Humerus C) Median nerve D) Radial nerve E) Radius F) Ulna G) Ulnar nerveName: ________________________ ID: A 6 Figure 14.1B Nerve plexuses and the anterior rami of the spinal nerves: lumbar plexus. ____ 22. In Figure 14.1B, identify number 1. A) Femoral nerve B) Iliohypogastric nerve C) Ilioinguinal nerve D) Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve E) Obturator nerve F) Saphenous nerve ____ 23. In Figure 14.1B, identify number 2. A) Femoral nerve B) Iliohypogastric nerve C) Ilioinguinal nerve D) Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve E) Obturator nerve F) Saphenous nerveName: ________________________ ID: A 7 ____ 24. In Figure 14.1B, identify number 3. A) Femoral nerve B) Iliohypogastric nerve C) Ilioinguinal nerve D) Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve E) Obturator nerve F) Saphenous nerve ____ 25. In Figure 14.1B, identify number 4. A) Femoral nerve B) Iliohypogastric nerve C) Ilioinguinal nerve D) Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve E) Obturator nerve F) Saphenous nerve ____ 26. In Figure 14.1B, identify number 5. A) Femoral nerve B) Iliohypogastric nerve C) Ilioinguinal nerve D) Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve E) Obturator nerve F) Saphenous nerve ____ 27. In Figure 14.1B, identify number 6. A) Femoral nerve B) Iliohypogastric nerve C) Ilioinguinal nerve D) Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve E) Obturator nerve F) Saphenous nerveName: ________________________ ID: A 8 Figure 14.1C Nerve plexuses and the anterior rami of the spinal nerves: posterior view of the full body showing all the plexuses and major anterior rami.. ____ 28. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 1. A) Brachial plexus B) Cervical plexus C) Intercostal nerves D) Cardiac plexus E) Lumbar plexus F) Sacral plexusName: ________________________ ID: A 9 ____ 29. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 2. A) Axillary plexus B) Brachial plexus C) Cervical plexus D) Intercostal nerves E) Lumbar plexus F) Sacral plexus ____ 30. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 3. A) Axillary plexus B) Brachial plexus C) Cervical plexus D) Intercostal nerves E) Cardiac plexus F) Lumbar plexus ____ 31. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 4. A) Axillary plexus B) Cervical plexus C) Intercostal nerves D) Cardiac plexus E) Lumbar plexus F) Sacral plexus ____ 32. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 5. A) Tibial nerve B) Common fibular nerve C) Femoral nerve D) Sciatic nerve E) Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve F) Radial nerve ____ 33. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 6. A) Axillary nerve B) Brachial plexus C) Median nerve D) Musculocutaneous nerve E) Phrenic nerve F) Radial nerveName: ________________________ ID: A 10 ____ 34. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 7. A) Axillary nerve B) Brachial plexus C) Cervical plexus D) Median nerve E) Phrenic nerve F) Radial nerve ____ 35. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 8. A) Axillary nerve B) Median nerve C) Musculocutaneous nerve D) Phrenic nerve E) Femoral nerve F) Radial nerve ____ 36. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 9. A) Brachial plexus B) Cervical plexus C) Femoral nerve D) Intercostal nerves E) Lumbar plexus F) Pudendal nerve ____ 37. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 10. A) Common fibular nerve B) Intercostal nerves C) Phrenic nerve D) Pudendal nerve E) Radial nerve F) Ulnar nerve ____ 38. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 11. A) Musculocutaneous nerve B) Phrenic nerve C) Pudendal nerve D) Radial nerve E) Femoral nerve F) Ulnar nerveName: ________________________ ID: A 11 ____ 39. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 12. A) Axillary nerve B) Median nerve C) Musculocutaneous nerve D) Radial nerve E) Saphenous nerve F) Ulnar nerve ____ 40. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 13. A) Common fibular nerve B) Femoral nerve C) Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve D) Musculocutaneous nerve E) Ulnar nerve F) Axillary nerve ____ 41. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 14. A) Tibial nerve B) Common fibular nerve C) Femoral nerve D) Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve E) Ulnar nerve F) Sciatic nerve ____ 42. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 15. A) Common fibular nerve B) Femoral nerve C) Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve D) Tibial nerve E) Sciatic nerve F) Axillary nerve ____ 43. In Figure 14.1C, identify number 16. A) Common fibular nerve B) Femoral nerve C) Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve D) Sciatic nerve E) Tibial nerve F) Axillary NerveName: ________________________ ID: A 12 ____ 44. Axons are grouped into bundles called _________________, which are wrapped in a connective tissue sheath called the _________________. A) nerve fibers; epineurium B) fascicles; epineurium C) nerve fibers; perineurium D) fascicles; perineurium ____ 45. The main nerve of the parasympathetic nervous system is the A) hypoglossal nerve. B) vagus nerve. C) trochlear nerve. D) trigeminal nerve. ____ 46. Which of the following cranial nerves is a mixed motor and sensory nerve? A) Optic nerve. B) Glossopharyngeal nerve. C) Hypoglossal nerve. D) Facial nerve. ____ 47. What is the main function of the olfactory nerve? A) Sensory to the face, motor to the muscles of mastication B) Motor to the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles C) Hearing and equilibrium D) Olfaction (smell) E) Motor to the muscles of swallowing; taste to the posterior one-third of the tongue F) Motor to one-sixth extraocular muscles (superior oblique muscle) G) Motor to the tongue ____ 48. What is the main function of the optic nerve? A) Motor to the muscles of swallowing and speaking, motor to the thoracic and abdominal viscera B) Hearing and equilibrium C) Motor to the muscles of swallowing; taste to the posterior one-third of the tongue D) Vision E) Olfaction (smell) F) Motor to the tongue G) Motor to the muscles of facial expression, taste to the anterior two-thirds of the tongueName: ________________________ ID: A 13 ____ 49. What is the main function of the oculomotor nerve? A) Hearing and equilibrium B) Motor to the muscles of swallowing; taste to the posterior one-third of the tongue C) Motor to one of six extrinsic muscles (superior oblique muscle) D) Motor to the tongue E) Motor to the muscles of facial expression, taste to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue F) Motor to four of six extrinsic eye muscles, dilates the pupil, opens the eye, changes the shape of the lens G) Motor to the muscles of swallowing and speaking, motor to the thoracic and abdominal viscera ____ 50. What is the main function of the trochlear nerve? A) Motor to one of six extrinsic eye muscles (superior oblique muscle) B) Motor to the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles C) Motor to four of six extrinsic eye muscles, dilates the pupil, opens the eye, changes the shape of the lens D) Hearing and equilibrium E) Motor to the muscles of facial expression, taste to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue F) Motor to the muscles of swallowing; taste to the posterior one-third of the tongue G) Motor to the muscles of swallowing and speaking, motor to the thoracic and abdominal viscera ____ 51. What is the main function of the trigeminal nerve? A) Sensory to the face, motor to the muscles of mastication B) Motor to the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles C) Hearing and equilibrium D) Olfaction (smell) E) Motor to the muscles of swallowing; taste to the posterior one-third of the tongue F) Motor to the tongue G) Vision ____ 52. What is the main function of the abducens nerve? A) Sensory to the face, motor to the muscles of mastication B) Motor to the muscles of swallowing; taste to the posterior one-third of the tongue C) Motor to one of six extrinsic eye muscles (superior oblique muscle) D) Motor to the muscles of facial expression, taste to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue E) Motor to four of six extrinsic muscles, dilates the pupil, opens the eye, changes the shape of the lens F) Motor to the muscles of swallowing and speaking, motor to the thoracic and abdominal viscera G) Motor to one of six extrinsic eye muscles (lateral rectus muscle)Name: ________________________ ID: A 14 ____ 53. What is the main function of the facial nerve? A) Sensory to the face, motor to the muscles of mastication B) Motor to the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles C) Olfaction (smell) D) Motor to the muscles of swallowing; taste to the posterior one-third of the tongue E) Vision F) Motor to the muscles of facial expression, taste to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue G) Motor to the muscles of swallowing and speaking, motor to the thoracic and abdominal viscera ____ 54. What is the main function of the vestibulocochlear nerve? A) Sensory to the face, motor to the muscles of mastication B) Motor to the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles C) Hearing and equilibrium D) Olfaction (smell) E) Motor to one of six extrinsic eye muscles (superior oblique muscle) F) Motor to the tongue G) Motor to the muscles of facial expression, taste to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue ____ 55. What is the main function of the glossopharyngeal nerve? A) Sensory to the face, motor to the muscles of mastication B) Motor to the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles C) Hearing and equilibrium D) Motor to the muscles of swallowing; taste to the posterior one-third of the tongue E) Motor to the tongue F) Motor to the muscles of facial expression, taste to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue G) Motor to the muscles of swallowing and speaking, motor to the thoracic and abdominal viscera ____ 56. What is the main function of the vagus nerve? A) Sensory to the face, motor to the muscles of mastication B) Motor to the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles C) Hearing and equilibrium D) Motor to the muscles of swallowing; taste to the posterior one-third of the tongue E) Motor to the tongue F) Motor to the muscles of facial expression, taste to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue G) Motor to the muscles of swallowing and speaking, motor to the thoracic and abdominal visceraName: ________________________ ID: A 15 ____ 57. What is the main function of the accessory nerve? A) Sensory to the face, motor to the muscles of mastication B) Motor to the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles C) Hearing and equilibrium D) Olfaction (smell) E) Motor to the muscles of swallowing; taste to the posterior one-third of the tongue F) Motor to the tongue G) Motor to the muscles of swallowing and speaking, motor to the thoracic and abdominal viscera ____ 58. What is the main function of the hypoglossal nerve? A) Sensory to the face, motor to the muscles of mastication B) Motor to the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles C) Motor to the muscles of swallowing; taste to the posterior one-third of the tongue D) Motor to the tongue E) Vision F) Motor to the muscles of facial expression, taste to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue G) Motor to the muscles of swallowing and speaking, motor to the thoracic and abdominal viscera ____ 59. The portion of a spinal nerve that serves the upper limbs, lower limbs, and much of the trunk is the A) anterior ramus. B) meningeal branch. C) posterior root ganglion. D) posterior ramus. ____ 60. Stretch is detected by A) motor efferent neurons. B) Golgi tendon organs. C) muscle spindles. D) motor afferent neurons. Match each spinal nerve with the main structure(s) it supplies. A) Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fascia lata muscles B) Muscles that flex the leg and plantarflex the foot; skin of posterior leg and foot C) Anterior arm muscles that flex the forearm; skin of the lateral forearm D) Deltoid and teres minor muscles; skin around the area E) Transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscles; skin around the pelvis F) Skin of the anterolateral thigh G) Intercostal and abdominal muscles; skin of the chest and abdomen H) Diaphragm muscle ____ 61. Axillary nerve ____ 62. Intercostal nervesName: ________________________ ID: A 16 ____ 63. Iliohypogastric nerve ____ 64. Phrenic nerve ____ 65. Tibial nerve ____ 66. Superior gluteal nerve ____ 67. Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve ____ 68. Musculocutaneous nerve Figure 14.13A Nerve plexuses and the anterior rami of the spinal nerves. ____ 69. In Figure 14.13A, identify number 1. A) Brachial nerve B) Ulnar nerve C) Axillary nerve D) Median nerveName: ________________________ ID: A 17 ____ 70. In Figure 14.13A, identify number 2. A) Brachial nerve B) Ulnar nerve C) Axillary nerve D) Median nerve ____ 71. In Figure 14.13A, identify number 3. A) Brachial nerve B) Ulnar nerve C) Axillary nerve D) Median nerveName: ________________________ ID: A 18 Figure 14.13B Nerve plexuses and the anterior rami of the spinal nerves. ____ 72. In Figure 14.13B, identify number 1.Name: ________________________ ID: A 19 A) Brachial plexus B) Common fibular nerve C) Intercostal nerves D) Tibial nerve E) Lumbar plexus F) Sacral plexus G) Femoral nerve H) Sciatic nerve ____ 73. In Figure 14.13B, identify number 2. A) Brachial plexus B) Common fibular nerve C) Intercostal nerves D) Tibial nerve E) Lumbar plexus F) Sacral plexus G) Femoral nerve H) Sciatic nerve ____ 74. In Figure 14.13B, identify number 3. A) Brachial plexus B) Common fibular nerve C) Intercostal nerves D) Tibial nerve E) Lumbar plexus F) Sacral plexus G) Femoral nerve H) Sciatic nerve ____ 75. In Figure 14.13B, identify number 4. A) Brachial plexus B) Common fibular nerve C) Intercostal nerves D) Tibial nerve E) Lumbar plexus F) Sacral plexus G) Femoral nerve H) Sciatic nerveName: ________________________ ID: A 20 ____ 76. In Figure 14.13B, identify number 5. A) Brachial plexus B) Common fibular nerve C) Intercostal nerves D) Tibial nerve E) Lumbar plexus F) Sacral plexus G) Femoral nerve H) Sciatic nerve ____ 77. In Figure 14.13B, identify number 6. A) Brachial plexus B) Common fibular nerve C) Intercostal nerves D) Tibial nerve E) Lumbar plexus F) Sacral plexus G) Femoral nerve H) Sciatic nerve ____ 78. In Figure 14.13B, identify number 7. A) Brachial plexus B) Common fibular nerve C) Intercostal nerves D) Tibial nerve E) Lumbar plexus F) Sacral plexus G) Femoral nerve H) Sciatic nerve ____ 79. In Figure 14.13B, identify number 8. A) Brachial plexus B) Common fibular nerve C) Intercostal nerves D) Tibial nerve E) Lumbar plexus F) Sacral plexus G) Femoral nerve H) Sciatic nerveName: ________________________ ID: A 21 ____ 80. Which neurotransmitter(s) is/are released by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS)? A) Epinephrine B) Acetylcholine C) Norepinephrine D) Both A and B E) Both B and C F) All of the above ____ 81. Which neurotransmitter(s) is/are released by the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A) Epinephrine B) Acetylcholine C) Norepinephrine D) Both A and B E) Both B and C F) All of the above ____ 82. Is increased heart rate and force of contraction an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A) Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) B) Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) ____ 83. Is increase in metabolic rate an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A) Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) B) Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) ____ 84. Are increased digestive functions an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A) Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) B) Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) ____ 85. Is dilation of the pupils an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A) Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) B) Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) ____ 86. Is increased urine production an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A) Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) B) Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) ____ 87. Is adjustment of the lens for near vision an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A) Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) B) Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)Name: ________________________ ID: A 22 ____ 88. Is dilation of the bronchioles an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A) Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) B) Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) ____ 89. Is increased release of fatty acids and glucose an effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)? A) Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) B) Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) 90. Explain why a peripheral nerve is considered an organ. (Hint: Consider the definition of an organ.) 91. The condition Bell’s palsy results from the dysfunction of one of the facial nerves (meaning it affects only one side of the face). Predict the symptoms of this condition. Which tests that you performed in Exercise 14-2, Procedure 2, would show abnormal results? 92. Injury to which cranial bone could result in a loss of smell? Why? 93. Your patient, Mr. Pratchett, suffered a head injury in an automobile accident. You test his pupillary response and find that one pupil responds normally to light, whereas the other has no response at all—the pupil is fixed and dilated. Which cranial nerve or nerves may be responsible for his abnormal pupillary response? Explain your reasoning. ____ 94. Damage to which spinal nerve(s) might produce the inability to abduct the arm? A) Median nerve B) Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve C) Tibial nerve D) Axillary nerve ____ 95. Damage to which spinal nerve(s) might produce the inability to flex the hand or feel skin over the anterior and lateral hand? A) Median nerve B) Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve C) Tibial nerve D) Axillary nerve ____ 96. Damage to which spinal nerve(s) might produce the inability to fell the skin over the posterior thigh? A) Median nerve B) Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve C) Tibial nerve D) Axillary nerveName: ________________________ ID: A 23 ____ 97. Damage to which spinal nerve(s) might produce the inability to plantarflex the foot or flex the toes? A) Median nerve B) Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve C) Tibial nerve D) Axillary nerve 98. Trina is an avid jogger. One day, during her morning jog, she accidentally steps in a hole, causing pain in her lower back. The next morning, she wakes up with pain shooting down her posterior thigh and leg. Which nerve did she likely “tweak” during her jog? Why is she having pain in the lower limb? Could she develop muscle weakness, too? If so, in which muscle groups? 99. The active ingredients in the herbal supplement ephedra mimic the effects of the SNS on body systems. Consequently, this drug has been banned in several countries. Predict the effects of this drug and why dangerous side effects are more likely for certain people. ____ 100. In the autonomic nervous system the preganglionic neuron will synapse with postganglionic neurons in the __________________________. A) autonomic ganglia B) brainstem C) spinal cord D) dorsal root ganglia ____ 101. Identify the term that does NOT belong in the group. A) Skeletal muscle B) Cholinergic receptor C) Acetylcholine D) Norepinephrine ____ 102. Identify the term that does NOT belong in the group. A) Norepinephrine B) Usually stimulatory C) Nicotinic receptor D) Adrenergic receptor ____ 103. Identify the term that does NOT belong in the group. A) Beta receptor B) Cardiac muscle C) Slowing heart rate D) Norepinephrine ____ 104. Identify the term that does NOT belong in the group. A) Blood pressure control B) Sympathetic tone C) Parasympathetic tone D) Partially constricted blood vesselsName: ________________________ ID: A 24 ____ 105. Identify the term that does NOT belong in the group. A) Parasympathetic tone B) Urinary tract C) Digestive tract D) Rapid heart rate ____ 106. Identify the term that does NOT belong in the group. A) External genitalia B) Sympathetic tone C) Dilated blood vessels D) Penis erection ____ 107. True or False? Most autonomic disorders reflect the abnormal control of adrenal medulla activity. ____ 108. True or False? The cause of Raynaud's disease is thought to be an intense vasoconstriction in response to exposure to cold or emotional stress. ____ 109. True or False? To experience vasodilation in the patient with a severe case of Raynaud's disease, a parasympathectomy could be a suggested therapeutic intervention. ____ 110. Which best describes ANS control? A) Completely under control of the cerebral cortex B) Completely under control of the brainstem C) Entirely controls itself D) Major control by the hypothalamus and spinal reflexes ____ 111. Which of these characteristics describes the somatic motor nervous system? A) There is one neuron between the CNS and skeletal muscle. B) The effect can be excitatory or inhibitory. C) The cell bodies are in the lateral part of the spinal cord. D) The receptor molecules can be nicotinic or muscarinic. ____ 112. Sympathetic preganglionic axons enter the chain ganglia through the ___________. A) white ramus communicans B) splanchnic nerve C) afferent neuron D) postganglionic neuron ____ 113. Which of these characteristics is correct for the parasympathetic division of the ANS? A) Preganglionic cell bodies in the brainstem and lateral parts of spinal cord gray matter B) Chain ganglia and collateral ganglia present C) Many postganglionic neurons for each preganglionic neuron D) Short preganglionic neurons, long postganglionic neuronsName: ________________________ ID: A 25 ____ 114. Splanchnic nerves innervate the _______________________. A) smooth muscle in blood vessels B) walls of organs and glands in the abdomen C) pancreas, liver, and prostate gland D) All of the above ____ 115. At least 75% of all parasympathetic axons are located in the _______________. A) facial nerve (VII) B) glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) C) oculomotor nerve (III) D) vagus nerve (X) ____ 116. When norepinephrine binds to adrenergic receptors, ________. A) Na+ ion channels open B) G proteins are activated C) K+ channels open D) chloride channels open ____ 117. Which of these functions is NOT affected by parasympathetic stimulation? A) Secretion of tears B) Secretion of sweat C) Secretion of insulin from the pancreas D) Secretion of thin, watery saliva ____ 118. The parasympathetic division ________________________. A) decreases blood flow to the skin B) mediates many reflexes that regulate the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems C) is responsible for the fight-or-flight response D) causes an increase in metabolism ____ 119. Which of the following is true of the autonomic, but not somatic, nervous system? A) Neurotransmitters are acetylcholine B) Axons are myelinated C) Effectors are muscle cells D) The motor neuron is located in the ganglia ____ 120. Adrenal medulla development involves ____________________. A) neural crest cells B) nerve growth factor C) sympathetic preganglionic axons D) parasympathetic preganglionic axons E) A, B, and CName: ________________________ ID: A 26 ____ 121. Emotions sometimes are used to describe the heart breaking. If your heart were breaking, where would you experience your heartache? A) Left arm B) Head C) Gluteal region D) Abdomen E) Right arm ____ 122. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system __________________. A) causes the pupils to dilate B) increases the flow of watery saliva C) stimulates peristaltic contractions of the intestinal system D) slows heartbeat and lowers blood pressure E) allows the body to relax rather than prepare for fight or flight ____ 123. The parasympathetic nervous system includes the ________________. A) cranial and thoracic nerves B) thoracic and lumbar nerves C) lumbar and sacral nerves D) cervical and lumbar nerves E) cranial and sacral nerves ____ 124. The autonomic subdivision of the vertebrate nervous system innervates all but which of the following? A) Intestinal muscles B) Skeletal muscles C) Heart D) Pancreas E) Liver ____ 125. One example of a simple reflex involves the _________________. A) contraction of a muscle when it is stretched B) conscious message to move part of the body C) receptor, the brain, and the effector D) contraction of an antagonistic muscle when its opposite muscle relaxes E) None of the above ____ 126. The sympathetic nervous system includes the _______________. A) cranial and thoracic nerves B) thoracic and lumbar nerves C) lumbar and sacral nerves D) cervical and lumbar nerves E) cranial and sacral nervesName: ________________________ ID: A 27 ____ 127. The part of the central nervous system composed of parts antagonistic to each other is the ________________. A) autonomic nervous system, composed of the sympathetic and parasympathetic subsystems B) central nervous system, composed of the brain and spinal cord C) peripheral nervous system, composed of the cranial and spinal nervous system D) muscular system, the only system with antagonistic subsets E) None of the above ____ 128. Some of the nerves that innervate the lymph nodes have been discovered to be adrenergic; this suggests that the ______________. A) parasympathetic nervous system influences lymph node activity B) parasympathetic nervous system does NOT influence lymph node activity C) sympathetic nervous system exerts the only nervous control over lymph nodes D) sympathetic nervous system may influence lymph node activity E) somatic nervous system is the only control of lymph node activity ____ 129. Sympathetic stimulation of the iris causes _______________. A) astigmatism B) pupillary constriction C) pupillary dilatation D) vitreous secretion E) a glucose reduction in the iris smooth muscle ____ 130. Which spinal nerve plexuses controls the upper limb? A) brachial C) sacral B) cervical D) lumbar ____ 131. Which spinal nerve plexuses controls the upper limb? A) brachial C) sacral B) cervical D) lumbar ____ 132. The __________plexus supplies the skin and muscles of the head, neck, and upper part of the shoulders; connects with some cranial nerves; and supplies the diaphragm A) brachial C) sacral B) cervical D) lumbar ____ 133. The ___________plexus constitutes the nerve supply for the upper extremities and a number of neck and shoulder muscles A) brachial C) sacral B) cervical D) lumbar ____ 134. The __________ plexus supplies the anterolateral abdominal wall, external genitals, and part of the lower extremities A) brachial C) sacral B) cervical D) lumbarName: ________________________ ID: A 28 ____ 135. The ___________ plexus supplies the buttocks, perineum, and part of the lower extremities A) brachial C) sacral B) cervical D) lumbar 136. How many spinal nerves are in the human body? ____ 137. Generally, sensory tracts run on the _____________ side of the spinal cord. A) anterior B) posterior ____ 138. Generally, motor tracts run on the _____________ side of the spinal cord. A) anterior B) posterior 139. Reflexes help to maintain ____________ by permitting the body to make exceedingly rapid adjustments. ____ 140. This layer wraps each nerve fibers A) epineurium C) endoneurium B) perineurium ____ 141. This layer surrounds a group of nerve fibers forming a fascicle A) epineurium C) endoneurium B) perineurium ____ 142. This layer scovering of entire nerve and the dura mater blends into it at intervertebral foramen A) epineurium C) endoneurium B) perineurium