CASE STUDY WEEK 4 (ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED WITH THE MOST CORRECT ANSWERS

CASE STUDY WEEK 4 (ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY) QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025-2026 WITH MOST
1. What is Streptococcus pharyngitis?: Oropharynx infection caused by S. pyogenes
(gram +ve)
2. Important questions to ask someone with this presentation: Is she
passing less urine?
Is she taking the oral contraceptive pill?
Does she have unilateral (clot)/generalised swelling (protein loss via kidneys)?
3. What are the symptoms of Strep pharyngitis?: Sudden
sore throat Pain with swallowing
Fever
4. Test to confirm if you have Strep. Pharyngitis: Rapid antigen test
5. Common causes of sore throats? [5]:
Laryngitis Tonsillitis
Strep throat
Glandular fever
GORD
6. What percentage of people who have a sore throat in general
practice have
A. Strep?: 10-20%
7. Treatment for Strep. Pharyngitis: Antibiotics (cephalosporin if
penicillin-allergic) Ibuprofen
8. Possible causes of dark urine [6]:
Hepatitis Cirrhosis
Gallstones
Jaundice
Cholestasis (bilirubin in
urine) Kidney cancer
9. How do you diagnose AKI? [4]: Urine
dipstick Blood tests: Hb, creatinine, urea, potassium
BP
Creatinine
10. Causes of AKI: Low blood volume: bleeding,
vomiting/diarrhoea, dehydration Heart pumping less out: heart/liver failure,
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, CASE STUDY WEEK 4 (ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY) QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025-2026 WITH MOST
sepsis
Medications: ACEi, some diuretics, NSAIDs




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