BKAT Practice Test 2026: Free Questions & Answers PDF Download, Exams
of Nursing
Normal Central Venous Pressure (CVP) range - ANSWER2-8 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Occlusion Pressure (PAOP) range - ANSWER6-12
mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Systolic (PAS) range - ANSWER20-30 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Diastolic (PAD) range - ANSWER5-15 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Mean (PAM) - ANSWER11-20 mmHg
Normal Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) range - ANSWER800-1200 mmHg
Preload - ANSWERvolume left in the left ventricle at the end of diastole
What is preload affected by? - ANSWERvenous return to the heart, atrial kick,
total volume, and ventricular compliance
, What drugs can affect preload? - ANSWERFurosemide and nitroglycerin
Afterload - ANSWERAmount of pressure heart has to overcome to pump
blood out
What drugs may affect afterload? - ANSWERVasoconstricters and vasodilators
Contractility - ANSWERthe contractile force of the heart, how much will it
take to move the preload out against the afterload
What is the appropriate hold time after pulling an arterial line? - ANSWER5-
10 min
What part of the heart does the PAOP affect? - ANSWERLeft ventricle
What part of the heart does the CVP affect? - ANSWERRight ventricle
What does it mean when the PAOP is elevated? - ANSWERIncreased left
ventricular end diastolic pressure that could be indicative of left ventricular
dysfunction or failure
What does it mean if CVP is elevated? - ANSWERFluid overload or decreased
compliance (such as with ARDS and COPD)
Difference between stable and unstable angina - ANSWERStable angina: pain
happens with certain activities but then goes away with rest.
of Nursing
Normal Central Venous Pressure (CVP) range - ANSWER2-8 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Occlusion Pressure (PAOP) range - ANSWER6-12
mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Systolic (PAS) range - ANSWER20-30 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Diastolic (PAD) range - ANSWER5-15 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Mean (PAM) - ANSWER11-20 mmHg
Normal Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) range - ANSWER800-1200 mmHg
Preload - ANSWERvolume left in the left ventricle at the end of diastole
What is preload affected by? - ANSWERvenous return to the heart, atrial kick,
total volume, and ventricular compliance
, What drugs can affect preload? - ANSWERFurosemide and nitroglycerin
Afterload - ANSWERAmount of pressure heart has to overcome to pump
blood out
What drugs may affect afterload? - ANSWERVasoconstricters and vasodilators
Contractility - ANSWERthe contractile force of the heart, how much will it
take to move the preload out against the afterload
What is the appropriate hold time after pulling an arterial line? - ANSWER5-
10 min
What part of the heart does the PAOP affect? - ANSWERLeft ventricle
What part of the heart does the CVP affect? - ANSWERRight ventricle
What does it mean when the PAOP is elevated? - ANSWERIncreased left
ventricular end diastolic pressure that could be indicative of left ventricular
dysfunction or failure
What does it mean if CVP is elevated? - ANSWERFluid overload or decreased
compliance (such as with ARDS and COPD)
Difference between stable and unstable angina - ANSWERStable angina: pain
happens with certain activities but then goes away with rest.
