Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition) – Madigan & Martinko – Comprehensive Test Bank & Study Guide

BrockBiologyofMicroorganisms, 15e(Madigan/Martinko) C
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hapter 1: Microorganisms and Microbiology
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MULTIPLE CHOICE .



1) Which.statement.is.not.true.as.a.general.rule?
A) Microbial.cells.exist.as.single.cells.or.in.cell.clusters.
B) Microbial.cells.carry.out.their.life.processes.independently.
C) Microbial.cells.include.both.bacteria.and.viruses.
D) Microbial.cells.exclude.the.cells.of.plants.and.animals..A
nswer:.C
2) Basic.microbiology.can.be.used.to
A) probe.the.nature.of.life.processes.
B) study.biochemical.properties.common.to.all.cells.
C) model.our.understanding.of.cell.function.in.higher.organisms.
D) all.of.the.above.
Answer:.D
3) Applied.microbiology.deals.with.problems.in
A) medicine.
B) agriculture.
C) industry.
D) all.of.the.above.
Answer:.D
4) The.greatest.source.of.biomass.on.Earth.comes.from
A) prokaryotic.cells.
B) plants.
C) animals.
D) plants.and.animals.together..
Answer:.A
5) The.cell's.genetic.information.is.found.in.the
A) cell.membrane.
B) nucleus.or.nucleoid.
C) cytoplasm.
D) none.of.the.above.
Answer:.B
6) Because.the.cell.communicates,.exchanges. materials. with. its. environment,.and. undergoes. change,. it. is
called.a(n)
A) ancestral.system.
B) dynamic.entity.




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, C) closed.system.
D) nucleoid.system..
Answer:.B
7) Changes.in.cellular.characteristics.are.transmitted.to.offspring.through.the.process.of
A) chemical.signaling.
B) reproductive.initiative.
C) evolution.
D) none.of.the.above.
Answer:.C
8) Catalysts.involved.in.the.acceleration.of.the.rate.of.chemical.reactions.are.called
A) catalytic.converters.
B) growth.agents.
C) evolutionary.molecules.
D) enzymes.
Answer:.D
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9) Regarding.early.life.on.Earth:
A) Microbial.life.existed.on.Earth.for.billions.of.years.before.plant.and.animal.life.
B) Microbial.life.existed.on.Earth.long.before.animals.but.has.been.around.for.about.the.same.amount.of.time.a
s.plants.
C) Microbial.life,.plant.life,.and.animal.life.all.appeared.at.about.the.same.time.
D) It.is.impossible.to.determine.which.type.of.life.first.appeared.on.Earth..Ans
wer:.A
10) Most.prokaryotic.cells.reside
A) on.the.Earth's.surface.
B) in.the.Earth's.lakes,.rivers,.and.oceans.
C) in.and.on.non-prokaryotic.organisms.(including.humans.and.other.animals).
D) in.the.oceanic.and.terrestrial.subsurfaces..
Answer:.D
11) The.person.who.described.the."wee.animalcules".was
A) Hooke.
B) van.Leeuwenhoek.
C) Pasteur.
D) Cohn..
Answer:.B
12) Fannie.Hesse.is.credited.with.giving
the.ideas.for.using.agar.as.a.solidifying.agent.
A) Pasteur




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, B) Cohn
C) Koch
D) Winogradsky
Answer:.C
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13) Which.of.the.following.is/are.characteristic.of.cellular.organisms?
A) Metabolism
B) Reproduction
C) Communication
D) All.of.the.above.
Answer:.D
14) Which.of.the.following.is.not.a.major.ecosystem?
A) Aquatic
B) Terrestrial
C) Atmospheric
D) Higher.organisms,.both.plant.and.animal.
Answer:.C
15) Which.statement.is.true?
A) Populations.are.assemblages.of.microbial.communities.
B) Microbial.communities.are.assemblages.of.populations.
C) Habitats.are.assemblages.of.microbial.communities.
D) Populations.are.assemblages.of.habitats..
Answer:.B
16) The.export.of.U.S..beef.to.foreign.markets.was.shut.down.in.2003.due.to
A) AIDS.
B) smallpox.
C) tuberculosis.
D) mad.cow.disease.
Answer:.D
17) During.a.very.scientifically.productive.period.in.his.life,.Pasteur.developed.vaccines.for
A) anthrax.
B) fowl.cholera.
C) rabies.
D) all.of.the.above.
Answer:.D
18) The.discovery.of.antibiotics.and.other.important.chemicals.led.to.the.field.of
A) industrial.microbiology.
B) agricultural. microbiology.
C) marine.microbiology.




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, D) aquatic.microbiology.
Answer:.A
19) Microbial.sterilization.is.used.to
A) decrease.the.possibility.of.contaminants.growing.in.a.culture.
B) kill.bacteria.but.not.necessarily.viruses.or.other.microbes.
C) kill.all.microbes.in.or.on.objects.
D) clean.a.work.area..
Answer:.C
20) Flat.covered.dishes.used.for.growing.microbes.are.most.commonly.called
A) Petri.dishes.
B) baker.dishes.
C) sterilization. plates.
D) culture.medium.plates..
Answer:.A
21) Microbes.playing.a.role.in.nitrogen.fixation. in.plants.live.in. while.those.playing.a.role.in.the
digestive.tract.of.certain.herbivores.live.in. .
A) rumens./.nodules
B) nodules./.rumens
C) nodules./.fortrans
D) fortrans./.rumens.
Answer:.B
22) Genetic.engineering.could.best.be.described.as
A) the.creating.of.life.from.non-life.
B) the.artificial.manipulation.of.genes.and.their.products.
C) the.treating.of.diseases.with.synthetic.drugs.
D) the.expansion.of.the.biomass.to.meet.specific.needs..A
nswer:.B
23) The.ultimate.downfall.of.the.theory.of.spontaneous.generation.was.the.result.of.work.by
A) Pasteur.
B) Koch.
C) Hooke.
D) Leeuwenhoek..
Answer:.A
24) A.Pasteur.flask.has.a(n)
A) swan.neck.to.prevent.air.particles.from.getting.into.the.main.body.of.the.flask.




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