A&P 2457 UTA Exam 1 Aranda Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025/2026
Serosa (serous membrane) - Answers Thin, double-layered membranes that cover surfaces in
ventral body cavity
Parietal Serosa - Answers Lines internal body cavity walls
Visceral Serosa - Answers Covers internal organs
Kinetic Energy - Answers Energy in motion
Potential Energy - Answers Stored Energy
What four elements make up 96% of the human body? - Answers Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen,
and Nitrogen
Atoms - Answers Unique building blocks for each element, smallest particles of an element with
properties of that element
Planetary Model - Answers Simplified and outdated because it incorrectly depicts electrons in
orbits, fixed circular paths
Orbital Model - Answers Current model used that depicts orbitals, probable regions where an
electron is most likely to be located (rather than fixed orbits)
Atomic Number - Answers The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Mass Number - Answers The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Isotopes - Answers Atoms with the same number of protons but differ in the number of
neutrons they contain (structural variations of same element)
Atomic Weight - Answers Average of the mass numbers of all isotope forms of an atom
Radioisotopes - Answers An isotope that has an unstable nucleus and undergoes radioactive
decay
Molecule - Answers General term for 2 or more atoms bonded together
Compound - Answers Specific molecule that has 2 or more different kinds of atoms bonded
together
Three basic types of mixtures - Answers Solutions, Colloids, and Suspensions
Solutions - Answers A homogenous mixture where substances are distributed evenly. Has a
solvent & solute.
Solvent - Answers A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances (substance
, present in greatest amount)
Solute - Answers A substance that is dissolved in a solvent (present in smaller amounts)
Colloids - Answers Emulsions are heterogeneous mixtures, meaning that particles are not
evenly distributed throughout mixture (Jello)
Suspensions - Answers Heterogeneous mixtures with large, often visible solutes that tend to
settle out (blood)
Differences Between Mixtures and Compounds - Answers 1. Unlike compounds, mixtures do not
involve chemical bonding between components
2. Mixtures can be separated by physical means, such as straining and filtering; compounds can
be separated only by breaking their chemical bonds
3. Mixtures can be heterogeneous or homogeneous; compounds are only homogeneous
Chemical Bonds - Answers "Energy Relationships" between electrons of reacting atoms
Three Major Types of Chemical Bonds - Answers Ionic bonds, covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds
Ionic Bonds - Answers Ions are atoms that have gained or lost electrons and become charged
Anion - Answers A negatively charged ion (gained electrons)
Cation - Answers A positively charged ion (lost electrons)
Covalent Bonds - Answers Formed by sharing of two or more valence shell electrons between
two atoms
Nonpolar Covalent Bond - Answers Equal sharing of electrons between atoms (CO2)
Polar Covalent Bond - Answers Unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms (H2O)
Hydrogen Bonds - Answers Weak attraction electropositive hydrogen of one molecule and an
electronegative atom of another molecule
Three Main Types of Chemical Reactions - Answers Synthesis, Decomposition, Exchange
Synthesis Reaction - Answers Reactions involve atoms or molecules combining to form larger,
more complex molecule (used in anabolic building processes)(A+B->AB)
Decomposition Reaction - Answers reactions involve breakdown of a molecule into smaller
molecules or its constituent atoms (reverse of synthesis, catabolic bondbreaking reactions)(AB
Serosa (serous membrane) - Answers Thin, double-layered membranes that cover surfaces in
ventral body cavity
Parietal Serosa - Answers Lines internal body cavity walls
Visceral Serosa - Answers Covers internal organs
Kinetic Energy - Answers Energy in motion
Potential Energy - Answers Stored Energy
What four elements make up 96% of the human body? - Answers Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen,
and Nitrogen
Atoms - Answers Unique building blocks for each element, smallest particles of an element with
properties of that element
Planetary Model - Answers Simplified and outdated because it incorrectly depicts electrons in
orbits, fixed circular paths
Orbital Model - Answers Current model used that depicts orbitals, probable regions where an
electron is most likely to be located (rather than fixed orbits)
Atomic Number - Answers The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Mass Number - Answers The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Isotopes - Answers Atoms with the same number of protons but differ in the number of
neutrons they contain (structural variations of same element)
Atomic Weight - Answers Average of the mass numbers of all isotope forms of an atom
Radioisotopes - Answers An isotope that has an unstable nucleus and undergoes radioactive
decay
Molecule - Answers General term for 2 or more atoms bonded together
Compound - Answers Specific molecule that has 2 or more different kinds of atoms bonded
together
Three basic types of mixtures - Answers Solutions, Colloids, and Suspensions
Solutions - Answers A homogenous mixture where substances are distributed evenly. Has a
solvent & solute.
Solvent - Answers A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances (substance
, present in greatest amount)
Solute - Answers A substance that is dissolved in a solvent (present in smaller amounts)
Colloids - Answers Emulsions are heterogeneous mixtures, meaning that particles are not
evenly distributed throughout mixture (Jello)
Suspensions - Answers Heterogeneous mixtures with large, often visible solutes that tend to
settle out (blood)
Differences Between Mixtures and Compounds - Answers 1. Unlike compounds, mixtures do not
involve chemical bonding between components
2. Mixtures can be separated by physical means, such as straining and filtering; compounds can
be separated only by breaking their chemical bonds
3. Mixtures can be heterogeneous or homogeneous; compounds are only homogeneous
Chemical Bonds - Answers "Energy Relationships" between electrons of reacting atoms
Three Major Types of Chemical Bonds - Answers Ionic bonds, covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds
Ionic Bonds - Answers Ions are atoms that have gained or lost electrons and become charged
Anion - Answers A negatively charged ion (gained electrons)
Cation - Answers A positively charged ion (lost electrons)
Covalent Bonds - Answers Formed by sharing of two or more valence shell electrons between
two atoms
Nonpolar Covalent Bond - Answers Equal sharing of electrons between atoms (CO2)
Polar Covalent Bond - Answers Unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms (H2O)
Hydrogen Bonds - Answers Weak attraction electropositive hydrogen of one molecule and an
electronegative atom of another molecule
Three Main Types of Chemical Reactions - Answers Synthesis, Decomposition, Exchange
Synthesis Reaction - Answers Reactions involve atoms or molecules combining to form larger,
more complex molecule (used in anabolic building processes)(A+B->AB)
Decomposition Reaction - Answers reactions involve breakdown of a molecule into smaller
molecules or its constituent atoms (reverse of synthesis, catabolic bondbreaking reactions)(AB
