CLEP WESTERN CIVILIZATION 1 EXAM LATEST 2026 ACTUAL EXAM
WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
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Which factor most contributed to the fall of the Assyrian Empire? -
ANSWER-- Harsh treatment generated a great deal of hatred
among subjects.
- Harsh conquerors and rulers, the Assyrians commonly deported
rebellious subject peoples.
- Over time, however, such treatment generated too much hatred
among subjects to maintain long-term stability, and the Neo-
Babylonians successfully took the Assyrian capital in 612 BCE.
The Nicene Creed - ANSWER-- Formalized Catholic doctrine and
was developed at the Council of Nicaea in 325.
Council of Ephesus - ANSWER-- Further clarified orthodox
doctrine in opposition to competing religious ideas.
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Edict of Milan - ANSWER-- Issued by Constantine in 313, ended
the "great persecution" and legalized Christianity in the Roman
Empire.
Treaty of Lordi - ANSWER-- Created an alliance of Florence,
Milan, and Venice to stand against the powers of the central papal
states and the southern Kingdom of Naples.
Manorialism - ANSWER-- Economic system during the Middle
Ages that revolved around self-sufficient farming estates where
lords and peasants shared the land.
- Unfree peasant serfs performed agricultural labor for a lord on a
fief in exchange for the right to grow their own food and subsist.
- Developments such as the rise of towns and increased trade
weakened manorialism. By the time of industrialization, it had
been entirely supplanted.
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Alexander the Great - ANSWER-- Conqueror who took on the
Persian Empire during the mid-fourth century BCE, successfully
defeating its powerful army to become the king of Persia in 328
BCE and reached his empire as far east as India.
Cleisthenes' reforms granted the majority of political power to: -
ANSWER-- The Assembly
- Among his reforms were the elimination of the phratries in favor
of the new demes as the main method of political organization to
more fairly distribute power, and the granting of powers to deal
with financial matters and foreign affairs to the Council of 500.
- Yet the bulk of political power lay with the Assembly, which
comprised all adult male Athenian citizens and held the ability to
make decisions by direct vote.
The Magna Carta - ANSWER-English political document signed
by King John in 1215 that limited the powers of the monarchy and
established basic civil rights for English citizens.
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Zoroastrianism - ANSWER-A religion that developed in early
Persia and stressed the fight between the forces of good and the
forces of evil and how eventually the forces of good would prevail.
Zoroastrians believed that Ahura Mazda would eventually triumph
in a final battle against the forces of evil, resulting in a Last
Judgment of believers.
The Persians respected religious diversity, however, and allowed
those of other faiths to retain their beliefs.
St. Augustine of Hippo wrote The City of God in response to the: -
ANSWER-- Sack of the city of Rome by German invaders.
Roman pagans suggested that Christianity had been to blame for
the Visigoths' sack of Rome, the first such successful attack on
the city in several centuries.