NR 226 Fundamentals of Patient Care
ACTUAL EXAM 2026/2027: 100% Verified
Questions & Correct Answers
Question 1:
During morning hygiene care, a client becomes short of breath while performing oral care.
The nurse’s first action is to:
A. Finish the task quickly and then assess oxygen saturation.
B. Stop the activity, place the client in high-Fowler’s, and assess vital signs.
C. Offer the client a drink of water to calm down.
D. Document the episode as fatigue.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Activity intolerance requires immediate cessation of exertion, positioning to
maximize ventilation, and objective assessment (AHA 2025).
Question 2:
A client is prescribed a newly ordered oral medication. Prior to administration, the nurse
verifies the order and checks the medication against which essential component?
A. Client’s family history
B. Client’s allergy list
C. Client’s previous hospitalizations
D. Client’s advance directive
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allergy verification prevents anaphylaxis and is a critical safety check in the “Six
Rights” (ISMP 2025).
,Question 3:
The nurse is documenting a client’s intake and output. At breakfast, the client consumed 4 oz
of juice, 6 oz of coffee, and ½ cup of milk. The nurse records the total intake as:
A. 240 mL
B. 300 mL
C. 360 mL
D. 480 mL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 4 oz (120 mL) + 6 oz (180 mL) + ½ cup (120 mL) = 300 mL total (Potter & Perry
2026).
Question 4:
A client tells the nurse, “I’m really scared about the surgery tomorrow.” The nurse’s most
therapeutic response is:
A. “Everyone feels that way.”
B. “Tell me more about what worries you.”
C. “You’ll be fine; the surgeon is great.”
D. “Try to get some rest and stop worrying.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Open-ended invitation encourages expression and conveys empathy (ANA Code
2025).
Question 5:
The nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter. After opening the sterile tray,
the next step is to:
A. Apply clean gloves and cleanse perineum.
, B. Apply sterile gloves and position the client appropriately.
C. Lubricate the catheter with tap water.
D. Insert the catheter immediately.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sterile gloves maintain sterile field and reduce CAUTI risk (CDC 2024).
Question 6:
A client’s Braden Scale score is 16. The nurse interprets this as:
A. No risk
B. Mild risk
C. Moderate risk
D. High risk
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 15–16 = mild pressure-injury risk (NPUAP 2025).
Question 7:
The nurse is administering an IM injection to an average-size adult. The ventrogluteal site is
preferred because it:
A. Is easy to access without repositioning.
B. Avoids major nerves and vessels.
C. Requires only a ⅝-inch needle.
D. Is painless.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ventrogluteal is distant from sciatic nerve and superior gluteal artery (CDC 2024).
Question 8:
ACTUAL EXAM 2026/2027: 100% Verified
Questions & Correct Answers
Question 1:
During morning hygiene care, a client becomes short of breath while performing oral care.
The nurse’s first action is to:
A. Finish the task quickly and then assess oxygen saturation.
B. Stop the activity, place the client in high-Fowler’s, and assess vital signs.
C. Offer the client a drink of water to calm down.
D. Document the episode as fatigue.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Activity intolerance requires immediate cessation of exertion, positioning to
maximize ventilation, and objective assessment (AHA 2025).
Question 2:
A client is prescribed a newly ordered oral medication. Prior to administration, the nurse
verifies the order and checks the medication against which essential component?
A. Client’s family history
B. Client’s allergy list
C. Client’s previous hospitalizations
D. Client’s advance directive
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allergy verification prevents anaphylaxis and is a critical safety check in the “Six
Rights” (ISMP 2025).
,Question 3:
The nurse is documenting a client’s intake and output. At breakfast, the client consumed 4 oz
of juice, 6 oz of coffee, and ½ cup of milk. The nurse records the total intake as:
A. 240 mL
B. 300 mL
C. 360 mL
D. 480 mL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 4 oz (120 mL) + 6 oz (180 mL) + ½ cup (120 mL) = 300 mL total (Potter & Perry
2026).
Question 4:
A client tells the nurse, “I’m really scared about the surgery tomorrow.” The nurse’s most
therapeutic response is:
A. “Everyone feels that way.”
B. “Tell me more about what worries you.”
C. “You’ll be fine; the surgeon is great.”
D. “Try to get some rest and stop worrying.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Open-ended invitation encourages expression and conveys empathy (ANA Code
2025).
Question 5:
The nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter. After opening the sterile tray,
the next step is to:
A. Apply clean gloves and cleanse perineum.
, B. Apply sterile gloves and position the client appropriately.
C. Lubricate the catheter with tap water.
D. Insert the catheter immediately.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sterile gloves maintain sterile field and reduce CAUTI risk (CDC 2024).
Question 6:
A client’s Braden Scale score is 16. The nurse interprets this as:
A. No risk
B. Mild risk
C. Moderate risk
D. High risk
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 15–16 = mild pressure-injury risk (NPUAP 2025).
Question 7:
The nurse is administering an IM injection to an average-size adult. The ventrogluteal site is
preferred because it:
A. Is easy to access without repositioning.
B. Avoids major nerves and vessels.
C. Requires only a ⅝-inch needle.
D. Is painless.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ventrogluteal is distant from sciatic nerve and superior gluteal artery (CDC 2024).
Question 8:
