Evolve Hesi Pharm Actual Exam Version 1,2,3 And 4
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The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing the discharge plan
for a client with mania who is receiving lithium carbonate
(Eskalith). To achieve a stable serum level, which
information should the PN reinforce with the client?
A) How to inject this drug.
B) When to increase the dosage.
C) When to stop using this drug.
D) How to recognize symptoms of toxicity. - Answer-D)
How to recognize symptoms of toxicity.
Feedback:
Lithium carbonate has a very narrow therapeutic serum
range, so the client should understand the signs and
symptoms of toxicity (D). (A) is not available. (B) increases
the client's risk for toxicity. (C) will precipitate recurrence of
mania.
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The practical nurse (PN) is reinforcing information to a
client about the use of an antiemetic to help manage
nausea and vomiting during a course of chemotherapy.
Which information is most important for the PN to provide?
A) Eat small amounts of food, such as crackers, to soothe
the stomach lining.
B) Drink any palatable liquid as tolerated when nauseated.
C) Ensure safety by taking at bedtime if drowsiness
occurs.
D) Take at least 30 minutes before a chemotherapeutic
agent is received. - Answer-D) Take at least 30 minutes
before a chemotherapeutic agent is received.
Feedback:
Antiemetics should be given before any chemotherapeutic
agent is administered, often 30 minutes to 3 hours before
treatment (D). Although (A, B, and C) are useful tips, if
tolerated, they do not ensure the maximum therapeutic
response.
A client with chest pain is diagnosed with angina pectoris.
On discharge the client receives a prescription for
sublingual nitroglycerin tablets PRN. Which instruction
should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce with this client?
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A) Take up to five doses at 15 minute intervals for an
anginal attack.
B) Chew the tablet for maximal effect because does not
dissolve quickly.
C) Seek immediate hospitalization after the first dose is
taken for chest pain.
D) Change positions slowly after taking a dose to reduce
the chance of falling. - Answer-D) Change positions slowly
after taking a dose to reduce the chance of falling.
Feedback:
Sublingual nitroglycerin may cause hypotension, so the
client should be instructed to change positions slowly to
avoid injury falling or fainting after taking a dose (D). (A, B,
and C) are inaccurate.
A client receives a prescription for nystatin (Mycostatin)
oral suspension for the treatment of oral thrush. Which
information should the practical nurse (PN) provide?
A) Take on an empty stomach.
B) Mix the suspension with water.
C) Swish then swallow the medication.
D) Keep in the refrigerator. - Answer-C) Swish then
swallow the medication.
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Feedback:
The client should swish the suspension in the mouth for as
long as possible before swallowing it (C). The method of
swish and swallow distributes the medication within the
oral cavity to ensure topical coverage of the affected
mucosal surfaces. Although (A, B, and D) are medication
administration instructions, swish and swallow is the most
specific administration information for nystatin.
Which adverse effect should the practical nurse monitor
for in a client who is taking amikacin (Amikin)?
A) Irritability.
B) Constipation.
C) Hearing loss.
D) Insomnia. - Answer-C) Hearing loss.
Feedback:
Adverse effects associated with aminoglycoside
antibiotics, such as amikacin, are nephrotoxicity and
ototoxicity, so the client should be monitored for hearing
loss (C). (A, B, and D) are not associated with amikacin.