Cardiology I (MED-402) | 70 Cardiomyopathy, Ischemic Heart Disease & CHF Exam Questions with Answers

This document contains 70 clinically-focused exam questions with fully verified answers, covering cardiomyopathies, ischemic heart disease (IDH), and congestive heart failure (CHF). It aligns with the Cardiology I (MED-402) course at the University of Health Sciences for the 2025/2026 academic year, and is designed to support medical students preparing for internal exams and board-style assessments. Key areas include: Ischemic heart disease (IDH): concepts like myocardial ischemia, acute coronary syndromes (STEMI, NSTEMI, unstable angina), and complications such as reperfusion injury and cardiogenic shock Diagnostics and interventions: troponin, LDH, stress testing (EKG, echo, nuclear), imaging (CT, X-ray, ultrasound), and procedures such as angioplasty, PCI, and revascularization Pharmacologic therapy: use of nitrates, aspirin, beta-blockers, statins, ACE inhibitors, and inotropic agents in acute and chronic cardiac management Congestive heart failure (CHF): detailed breakdown of HFrEF vs. HFpEF, left vs. right-sided symptoms, and NYHA staging (I–IV), along with diagnostic tools (BNP, EKG, echo, labs) and treatment considerations Cardiomyopathies: detailed differentiation between dilated, hypertrophic, restrictive, and ARVD types, including pathophysiology, clinical features, EKG changes, genetic inheritance patterns, and associated systemic diseases such as sarcoidosis and amyloidosis This high-yield resource is ideal for: Medical students in pre-clinical and clinical cardiology modules Candidates preparing for USMLE Step 1 & 2, PLAB, COMLEX, and other standardized medical exams Physician associate, nursing, and international medical graduates revising cardiovascular pathophysiology and therapeutics The structured Q&A format supports rapid learning, active recall, and mastery of essential cardiology concepts for academic and clinical success. Keywords: ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, angina, ACS, cardiogenic shock, troponin, stress testing, cardiac catheterization, PCI, CHF, HFrEF, HFpEF, NYHA stages, BNP, cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, ARVD, EKG findings, wall thickening, genetic inheritance, sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, TNF-alpha, inotropic therapy, ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers