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HESI FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE COMPLETE FULL
EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES – UPDATED 2025–2026 GUARANTEED
PASS EDITION | 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS
ANSWERS & FULL RATIONALES FOR NURSING
FUNDAMENTALS REVIEW
When turning an immobile bedridden client
without assistance, which action by the nurse
best ensures client safety?
- ANSWER-Put bed rails up on the side of bed
opposite from the nurse.
Rationale: Because the nurse can only stand on
one side of the bed, bed rails should be up on
the opposite side to ensure that the client does
not fall out of bed. Option A can cause client
injury to the skin or joint. Options C and D are
useful techniques while turning a client but
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have less priority in terms of safety than use of
the bed rails.
The nurse identifies a potential for infection in
a client with partial-thickness (second-degree)
and full-thickness (third-degree) burns. What
intervention has the highest priority in
decreasing the client's risk of infection?
- ANSWER-Use of careful handwashing
technique
Rationale: Careful handwashing technique is
the single most effective intervention for the
prevention of contamination to all clients.
Option A reverses the hypovolemia that initially
accompanies burn trauma but is not related to
decreasing the proliferation of infective
organisms. Options C and D are recommended
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by various burn centers as possible ways to
reduce the chance of infection. Option B is a
proven technique to prevent infection.
The nurse is aware that malnutrition is a
common problem among clients served by a
community health clinic for the homeless.
Which laboratory value is the most reliable
indicator of chronic protein malnutrition? -
ANSWER- Low serum albumin level
Rationale: Long-term protein deficiency is
required to cause significantly lowered serum
albumin levels. Albumin is made by the liver
only when adequate amounts of amino acids
(from protein breakdown) are available.
Albumin has a long half-life, so acute protein
loss does not significantly alter serum levels.
Option B is a serum protein with a half-life of
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only 8 to 10 days, so it will drop with an acute
protein deficiency. Options C and D are not
clinical measures of protein malnutrition.
In completing a client's preoperative routine,
the nurse finds that the operative permit is not
signed. The client begins to ask more questions
about the surgical procedure. Which action
should the nurse take next?
- ANSWER- Inform the surgeon that the
operative permit is not signed and the client
has questions about the surgery.
Rationale: The surgeon should be informed
immediately that the permit is not signed. It is
the surgeon's responsibility to explain the
procedure to the client and obtain the client's
signature on the permit. Although the nurse
HESI FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE COMPLETE FULL
EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES – UPDATED 2025–2026 GUARANTEED
PASS EDITION | 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS
ANSWERS & FULL RATIONALES FOR NURSING
FUNDAMENTALS REVIEW
When turning an immobile bedridden client
without assistance, which action by the nurse
best ensures client safety?
- ANSWER-Put bed rails up on the side of bed
opposite from the nurse.
Rationale: Because the nurse can only stand on
one side of the bed, bed rails should be up on
the opposite side to ensure that the client does
not fall out of bed. Option A can cause client
injury to the skin or joint. Options C and D are
useful techniques while turning a client but
,2|Page
have less priority in terms of safety than use of
the bed rails.
The nurse identifies a potential for infection in
a client with partial-thickness (second-degree)
and full-thickness (third-degree) burns. What
intervention has the highest priority in
decreasing the client's risk of infection?
- ANSWER-Use of careful handwashing
technique
Rationale: Careful handwashing technique is
the single most effective intervention for the
prevention of contamination to all clients.
Option A reverses the hypovolemia that initially
accompanies burn trauma but is not related to
decreasing the proliferation of infective
organisms. Options C and D are recommended
,3|Page
by various burn centers as possible ways to
reduce the chance of infection. Option B is a
proven technique to prevent infection.
The nurse is aware that malnutrition is a
common problem among clients served by a
community health clinic for the homeless.
Which laboratory value is the most reliable
indicator of chronic protein malnutrition? -
ANSWER- Low serum albumin level
Rationale: Long-term protein deficiency is
required to cause significantly lowered serum
albumin levels. Albumin is made by the liver
only when adequate amounts of amino acids
(from protein breakdown) are available.
Albumin has a long half-life, so acute protein
loss does not significantly alter serum levels.
Option B is a serum protein with a half-life of
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only 8 to 10 days, so it will drop with an acute
protein deficiency. Options C and D are not
clinical measures of protein malnutrition.
In completing a client's preoperative routine,
the nurse finds that the operative permit is not
signed. The client begins to ask more questions
about the surgical procedure. Which action
should the nurse take next?
- ANSWER- Inform the surgeon that the
operative permit is not signed and the client
has questions about the surgery.
Rationale: The surgeon should be informed
immediately that the permit is not signed. It is
the surgeon's responsibility to explain the
procedure to the client and obtain the client's
signature on the permit. Although the nurse
