Comprehensive Reproductive
Pharmacology Mastery Exam – 150 Test
Bank Questions Answers And Rationale
2025/2026
1. Which of the following is a common indication for estrogen
therapy?
A. Osteoporosis prevention
B. Treatment of menopausal symptoms
C. Breast cancer
D. Hyperthyroidism
Rationale: Estrogen therapy is primarily used to manage menopausal
symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginal atrophy, and prevention of
osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
2. A patient is prescribed medroxyprogesterone acetate. This
medication is classified as:
A. Estrogen
B. Progestin
C. Gonadotropin
D. Androgen
Rationale: Medroxyprogesterone acetate is a synthetic form of
progesterone, used for contraception, menstrual disorders, and
hormone replacement therapy.
3. Which medication is commonly used for emergency
contraception?
A. Ethinyl estradiol
, B. Testosterone
C. Levonorgestrel
D. Medroxyprogesterone
Rationale: Levonorgestrel is a progestin used for emergency
contraception, most effective within 72 hours of unprotected
intercourse.
4. Tamoxifen is used primarily in:
A. Prostate cancer
B. Endometriosis
C. Breast cancer
D. Ovarian cysts
Rationale: Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator
(SERM) used in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer to block
estrogen effects in breast tissue.
5. Clomiphene citrate is indicated for:
A. Birth control
B. Hormone replacement therapy
C. Infertility due to anovulation
D. Endometriosis
Rationale: Clomiphene citrate stimulates ovulation by increasing FSH
and LH release, making it useful in women with ovulatory dysfunction.
6. The mechanism of action of leuprolide is:
A. Blocks estrogen receptors
B. GnRH agonist; initially stimulates then suppresses LH/FSH
C. Inhibits progesterone synthesis
D. Stimulates androgen production
,Rationale: Leuprolide is a GnRH agonist that initially causes a surge in
LH and FSH, followed by downregulation of receptors and decreased
gonadal hormone production.
7. Which drug is a common treatment for male hypogonadism?
A. Estradiol
B. Finasteride
C. Testosterone
D. Clomiphene
Rationale: Testosterone replacement therapy is used in men with low
testosterone levels to restore normal secondary sexual characteristics
and maintain libido.
8. Finasteride is used in men to treat:
A. Erectile dysfunction
B. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
C. Hypogonadism
D. Testicular cancer
Rationale: Finasteride is a 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor that reduces
conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, shrinking the
prostate and improving urinary flow.
9. Which medication is indicated for prostate cancer treatment?
A. Estrogen
B. Leuprolide
C. Levonorgestrel
D. Clomiphene
Rationale: Leuprolide suppresses testosterone production through
downregulation of the pituitary-gonadal axis, making it effective in
prostate cancer management.
, 10. The primary side effect of androgens in females is:
A. Osteoporosis
B. Weight loss
C. Hirsutism and virilization
D. Hot flashes
Rationale: Androgen therapy in women can cause masculinizing
effects such as excessive hair growth, deepening of the voice, and
clitoral enlargement.
11. Which of the following is a potential side effect of tamoxifen
therapy?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Endometrial cancer
C. Hyperthyroidism
D. Testicular atrophy
Rationale: Tamoxifen increases the risk of endometrial hyperplasia
and cancer due to its partial agonist effect on uterine estrogen
receptors.
12. Aromatase inhibitors, such as anastrozole, are used
primarily for:
A. BPH
B. Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
C. Male hypogonadism
D. Infertility
Rationale: Aromatase inhibitors block estrogen production by
inhibiting the conversion of androgens to estrogens, used mainly in
postmenopausal women with breast cancer.
13. Which contraceptive method uses both estrogen and
progestin?
Pharmacology Mastery Exam – 150 Test
Bank Questions Answers And Rationale
2025/2026
1. Which of the following is a common indication for estrogen
therapy?
A. Osteoporosis prevention
B. Treatment of menopausal symptoms
C. Breast cancer
D. Hyperthyroidism
Rationale: Estrogen therapy is primarily used to manage menopausal
symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginal atrophy, and prevention of
osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
2. A patient is prescribed medroxyprogesterone acetate. This
medication is classified as:
A. Estrogen
B. Progestin
C. Gonadotropin
D. Androgen
Rationale: Medroxyprogesterone acetate is a synthetic form of
progesterone, used for contraception, menstrual disorders, and
hormone replacement therapy.
3. Which medication is commonly used for emergency
contraception?
A. Ethinyl estradiol
, B. Testosterone
C. Levonorgestrel
D. Medroxyprogesterone
Rationale: Levonorgestrel is a progestin used for emergency
contraception, most effective within 72 hours of unprotected
intercourse.
4. Tamoxifen is used primarily in:
A. Prostate cancer
B. Endometriosis
C. Breast cancer
D. Ovarian cysts
Rationale: Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator
(SERM) used in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer to block
estrogen effects in breast tissue.
5. Clomiphene citrate is indicated for:
A. Birth control
B. Hormone replacement therapy
C. Infertility due to anovulation
D. Endometriosis
Rationale: Clomiphene citrate stimulates ovulation by increasing FSH
and LH release, making it useful in women with ovulatory dysfunction.
6. The mechanism of action of leuprolide is:
A. Blocks estrogen receptors
B. GnRH agonist; initially stimulates then suppresses LH/FSH
C. Inhibits progesterone synthesis
D. Stimulates androgen production
,Rationale: Leuprolide is a GnRH agonist that initially causes a surge in
LH and FSH, followed by downregulation of receptors and decreased
gonadal hormone production.
7. Which drug is a common treatment for male hypogonadism?
A. Estradiol
B. Finasteride
C. Testosterone
D. Clomiphene
Rationale: Testosterone replacement therapy is used in men with low
testosterone levels to restore normal secondary sexual characteristics
and maintain libido.
8. Finasteride is used in men to treat:
A. Erectile dysfunction
B. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
C. Hypogonadism
D. Testicular cancer
Rationale: Finasteride is a 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor that reduces
conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, shrinking the
prostate and improving urinary flow.
9. Which medication is indicated for prostate cancer treatment?
A. Estrogen
B. Leuprolide
C. Levonorgestrel
D. Clomiphene
Rationale: Leuprolide suppresses testosterone production through
downregulation of the pituitary-gonadal axis, making it effective in
prostate cancer management.
, 10. The primary side effect of androgens in females is:
A. Osteoporosis
B. Weight loss
C. Hirsutism and virilization
D. Hot flashes
Rationale: Androgen therapy in women can cause masculinizing
effects such as excessive hair growth, deepening of the voice, and
clitoral enlargement.
11. Which of the following is a potential side effect of tamoxifen
therapy?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Endometrial cancer
C. Hyperthyroidism
D. Testicular atrophy
Rationale: Tamoxifen increases the risk of endometrial hyperplasia
and cancer due to its partial agonist effect on uterine estrogen
receptors.
12. Aromatase inhibitors, such as anastrozole, are used
primarily for:
A. BPH
B. Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
C. Male hypogonadism
D. Infertility
Rationale: Aromatase inhibitors block estrogen production by
inhibiting the conversion of androgens to estrogens, used mainly in
postmenopausal women with breast cancer.
13. Which contraceptive method uses both estrogen and
progestin?
