Nurs 251 Portage Pathophysiology
Final Exam module 1-10 Questions
And Answers
/. A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. - Answer-✅False
/.During pregnancy, uterine enlargement is caused by hypoplasia. - Answer-✅False (It's
hypertrophy and hyperplasia.)
/.Hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in
the number of cells - Answer-✅False (It's an increase in the size of the cells)
/.Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions - Answer-✅True
/.Sensitivity - Answer-✅Proportion of people with a disease who are positive for that
disease
/.Reliability - Answer-✅How likely the same result will occur if repeated
/.Validity - Answer-✅How a tool measures what it is intended to measure
/.Specificity - Answer-✅People without the disease who are negative on a given test
/.Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - Answer-✅It includes peroxisomes and
proteasomes
/.Which of the following move across the cell membrane via diffusion? Select all that
apply. - Answer-✅Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water
/.Which of the following are false of the cell? - Answer-✅The rough ER is the site for
lipid synthesis.
/.Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - Answer-✅1. they control
free radicals
2. They are found far from the site of energy consumption
/.High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? - Answer-
✅pathophysiology
,/.A patient has a fever and rash. What are these examples of? - Answer-✅signs
/.Which of the following is helpful to the clinician on how to deliver health care in certain
circumstances? - Answer-✅Clinical practice guidelines
/.Which of the following is the effect of an illness on one's life? - Answer-✅morbidity
/.Define primary prevention and give an example: - Answer-✅1 .remove risk factors to
prevent disease from occurring
2. Example(s) - taking folic acid while pregnant to prevent neural tube defects,
vaccinating children to prevent communicable disease, eating healthy and exercising to
prevent heart disease, and wearing seatbelts or helmets.
/.Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. - Answer-✅The two
types of gangrenous necrosis are wet and dry. Dry necrosis is tissue that has become
dry and wrinkled and can become brown or black. It is a slow spread. Wet grangrenous
is swollen and moist tissue. It is a rapid spread.
/.Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of necrosis.
- Answer-✅Necrosis is cell death in a tissue of a living person. One type of necrosis is
coagulative necrosis and it is sudden cut off of blood supply, this can happen with the
heart.
/.Matching
1. Viruses
2. Alcohol
3. Reactive oxygen species
4. Electrical burn
5. Thermal burn
6. Iron deficiency anemia
7. Mercury toxicity
8. Low oxygen to tissues
9. Parasites
10. Fractures - Answer-✅1. biologic agents
2. chemical injury
3. free radical injury
4. physical agents
5. radiation injury
6. nutritional imbalance
7. chemical injury
8. hypoxic cell injury
9. biologic agents
10. physical agents
, /.List the 4 types of tissue found in the body. Pick 2 and give a description and example
of each. - Answer-✅1. Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, Muscle
2. Epithelial tissue lacks blood vessles and is located on the surfaces of our body. An
example of epithelial tissue is our skin.
3. Connective tissues connects and supports various tissues. Loose areolar is an
example of a connective tissue.
/.What term means "cell eating" and engulfs and then kills microorganisms or other
particulate matter? - Answer-✅phagocytosis
/.What is the term to describe when cells use energy to move ions against an electrical
or chemical gradient? - Answer-✅active transport
/.Electrical potentials that exist in the cell membrane are called what? - Answer-
✅membrane potentials
/.What is the diffusion of water called? - Answer-✅osmosis
/.Blood tests for tumor markers are the single best screening tool for cancer. Why or
why not? - Answer-✅No, blood tests for tumor markers can be elevated under benign
conditions. Vs in early stages of malignant cancer, they are not elevated.
/.Tissue biopsy is of critical importance in what role? - Answer-✅Diagnosing the correct
cancer and histology
/.1. List two signs or symptoms a patient may present with that might indicate a cancer
diagnosis:
2. What are two systemic manifestations of cancer exhibited by cancer patients? -
Answer-✅1. bleeding and a sore that won't heal
2. hair loss, anorexia, anemia
/.Explain the TNM system - Answer-✅TNM is a cancer classification system based on
tumor conditions
T- tumor size and spead
N- involvement of lymph nodes
M- extent of metastasis
/.1. When would surgery be appropriate in the treatment of cancer?
2. Most chemotherapeutic drugs cause pancytopenia due to bone marrow suppression.
What are the 3 possible adverse outcomes of this? - Answer-✅1. Surgery would be an
appropriate treatment when the tumor is solid and has well defined margins
2. neutropenia, anorexia. thrombocytopenia
/.Cell proliferation is the process in which proliferating cells become more specialized
cell types. - Answer-✅False (cell differentiation)
Final Exam module 1-10 Questions
And Answers
/. A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. - Answer-✅False
/.During pregnancy, uterine enlargement is caused by hypoplasia. - Answer-✅False (It's
hypertrophy and hyperplasia.)
/.Hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in
the number of cells - Answer-✅False (It's an increase in the size of the cells)
/.Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions - Answer-✅True
/.Sensitivity - Answer-✅Proportion of people with a disease who are positive for that
disease
/.Reliability - Answer-✅How likely the same result will occur if repeated
/.Validity - Answer-✅How a tool measures what it is intended to measure
/.Specificity - Answer-✅People without the disease who are negative on a given test
/.Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - Answer-✅It includes peroxisomes and
proteasomes
/.Which of the following move across the cell membrane via diffusion? Select all that
apply. - Answer-✅Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water
/.Which of the following are false of the cell? - Answer-✅The rough ER is the site for
lipid synthesis.
/.Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - Answer-✅1. they control
free radicals
2. They are found far from the site of energy consumption
/.High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? - Answer-
✅pathophysiology
,/.A patient has a fever and rash. What are these examples of? - Answer-✅signs
/.Which of the following is helpful to the clinician on how to deliver health care in certain
circumstances? - Answer-✅Clinical practice guidelines
/.Which of the following is the effect of an illness on one's life? - Answer-✅morbidity
/.Define primary prevention and give an example: - Answer-✅1 .remove risk factors to
prevent disease from occurring
2. Example(s) - taking folic acid while pregnant to prevent neural tube defects,
vaccinating children to prevent communicable disease, eating healthy and exercising to
prevent heart disease, and wearing seatbelts or helmets.
/.Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. - Answer-✅The two
types of gangrenous necrosis are wet and dry. Dry necrosis is tissue that has become
dry and wrinkled and can become brown or black. It is a slow spread. Wet grangrenous
is swollen and moist tissue. It is a rapid spread.
/.Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of necrosis.
- Answer-✅Necrosis is cell death in a tissue of a living person. One type of necrosis is
coagulative necrosis and it is sudden cut off of blood supply, this can happen with the
heart.
/.Matching
1. Viruses
2. Alcohol
3. Reactive oxygen species
4. Electrical burn
5. Thermal burn
6. Iron deficiency anemia
7. Mercury toxicity
8. Low oxygen to tissues
9. Parasites
10. Fractures - Answer-✅1. biologic agents
2. chemical injury
3. free radical injury
4. physical agents
5. radiation injury
6. nutritional imbalance
7. chemical injury
8. hypoxic cell injury
9. biologic agents
10. physical agents
, /.List the 4 types of tissue found in the body. Pick 2 and give a description and example
of each. - Answer-✅1. Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, Muscle
2. Epithelial tissue lacks blood vessles and is located on the surfaces of our body. An
example of epithelial tissue is our skin.
3. Connective tissues connects and supports various tissues. Loose areolar is an
example of a connective tissue.
/.What term means "cell eating" and engulfs and then kills microorganisms or other
particulate matter? - Answer-✅phagocytosis
/.What is the term to describe when cells use energy to move ions against an electrical
or chemical gradient? - Answer-✅active transport
/.Electrical potentials that exist in the cell membrane are called what? - Answer-
✅membrane potentials
/.What is the diffusion of water called? - Answer-✅osmosis
/.Blood tests for tumor markers are the single best screening tool for cancer. Why or
why not? - Answer-✅No, blood tests for tumor markers can be elevated under benign
conditions. Vs in early stages of malignant cancer, they are not elevated.
/.Tissue biopsy is of critical importance in what role? - Answer-✅Diagnosing the correct
cancer and histology
/.1. List two signs or symptoms a patient may present with that might indicate a cancer
diagnosis:
2. What are two systemic manifestations of cancer exhibited by cancer patients? -
Answer-✅1. bleeding and a sore that won't heal
2. hair loss, anorexia, anemia
/.Explain the TNM system - Answer-✅TNM is a cancer classification system based on
tumor conditions
T- tumor size and spead
N- involvement of lymph nodes
M- extent of metastasis
/.1. When would surgery be appropriate in the treatment of cancer?
2. Most chemotherapeutic drugs cause pancytopenia due to bone marrow suppression.
What are the 3 possible adverse outcomes of this? - Answer-✅1. Surgery would be an
appropriate treatment when the tumor is solid and has well defined margins
2. neutropenia, anorexia. thrombocytopenia
/.Cell proliferation is the process in which proliferating cells become more specialized
cell types. - Answer-✅False (cell differentiation)
