Fall Semester 2025 – December ATI CMS Pharmacology Ultimate Study Resource | Complete Drug Class Review, High-Yield Medications, Mechanisms of Action, Nursing Interventions, Side Effects, Dosage Calculations & ATI-Style Questions with Rationales for Exam

Fall SemeSter 2025 – December atI cmS
Pharmacology UltImate StUDy reSoUrce |
comPlete DrUg claSS revIew, hIgh-yIelD
meDIcatIonS, mechanISmS oF actIon, nUrSIng
InterventIonS, SIDe eFFectS, DoSage
calcUlatIonS & atI-Style QUeStIonS wIth
ratIonaleS For exam maStery
Question 1
Which of the following medications is classified as a calcium channel blocker?
A) Lisinopril
B) Amlodipine
C) Metoprolol
D) Furosemide
Correct Option: B
Rationale: Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension and
angina by relaxing blood vessels.


Question 2
What is the primary use of warfarin?
A) Pain relief
B) Anticoagulation
C) Antibiotic
D) Antihypertensive
Correct Option: B
Rationale: Warfarin is an anticoagulant that prevents the formation of blood clots.


Question 3
Which side effect is commonly associated with opioid medications?
A) Hypertension
B) Constipation
C) Diarrhea
D) Insomnia
Correct Option: B
Rationale: Opioids often cause constipation due to their effects on the gastrointestinal
tract.

,Question 4
What is the mechanism of action for ACE inhibitors?
A) Block angiotensin II receptors
B) Inhibit the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
C) Increase renal blood flow
D) Decrease heart rate
Correct Option: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors work by inhibiting the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to
angiotensin II, thus lowering blood pressure.


Question 5
Which medication is recommended for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?
A) Metformin
B) Insulin
C) Glyburide
D) Acarbose
Correct Option: A
Rationale: Metformin is commonly used as the first-line treatment for Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus due to its ability to improve insulin sensitivity.
Question 6
Which of the following medications is used to reverse the effects of opioid
overdose?
A) Naloxone
B) Acetylcysteine
C) Flumazenil
D) Atropine
Correct Option: A
Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid
overdose.


Question 7
What is the primary indication for the use of statins?
A) Hypertension
B) Hyperlipidemia
C) Diabetes
D) Asthma

,Correct Option: B
Rationale: Statins are primarily used to lower cholesterol levels and manage
hyperlipidemia.


Question 8
Which adverse effect is commonly associated with corticosteroids?
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Weight loss
C) Osteoporosis
D) Bradycardia
Correct Option: C
Rationale: Long-term use of corticosteroids can lead to osteoporosis due to the effects
on calcium metabolism.


Question 9
What is the mechanism of action of SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake
Inhibitors)?
A) Increase norepinephrine levels
B) Inhibit serotonin reuptake
C) Block dopamine receptors
D) Enhance GABAergic activity
Correct Option: B
Rationale: SSRIs work by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, thereby increasing its
availability in the synapse.


Question 10
Which class of medications is primarily used in the treatment of asthma?
A) Benzodiazepines
B) Bronchodilators
C) Antihypertensives
D) Anticoagulants
Correct Option: B
Rationale: Bronchodilators are used to relieve bronchospasm in asthma patients.


Question 11

, What is an important nursing consideration when administering digoxin?
A) Monitor for hyperkalemia
B) Check heart rate before administration
C) Administer with food
D) Avoid sunlight
Correct Option: B
Rationale: It is essential to check the heart rate before administering digoxin, as it can
cause bradycardia.


Question 12
Which drug class does lisinopril belong to?
A) Beta-blocker
B) ACE inhibitor
C) Calcium channel blocker
D) Thiazide diuretic
Correct Option: B
Rationale: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that helps lower blood pressure.


Question 13
What is the primary purpose of administering acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)?
A) Pain management
B) Mucolytic agent
C) Vasodilation
D) Antibiotic
Correct Option: B
Rationale: Acetylcysteine is used as a mucolytic agent to thin mucus in respiratory
conditions.


Question 14
Which medication is considered a first-line treatment for hypertension?
A) Diltiazem
B) Metoprolol
C) Hydrochlorothiazide
D) Aspirin
Correct Option: C
Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide is often used as a first-line treatment in managing
hypertension.