BIOL 1201 – 50 Final Exam Questions on Nervous System, Sensory Input & Plant Responses – 2025/2026 – Louisiana State University

This document contains 50 verified and graded A+ multiple-choice questions with answers for the BIOL 1201 Final Exam at Louisiana State University, created for the 2025/2026 academic year. It focuses on integrative biology topics, particularly neurobiology and plant physiology. Questions assess students' understanding of neural signaling mechanisms, including the phases of an action potential, ion gradients (potassium and sodium), synaptic transmission, sensory adaptation, and the roles of neurotransmitters. There is also coverage of neuron types (sensory, interneurons, motor neurons) and specific sensory organs and structures such as the cochlea, olfactory bulb, vestibular system, and the visual cortex. In the plant biology section, students are tested on hormonal responses and signal transduction pathways. Key hormones covered include auxin, ethylene, gibberellins, cytokinins, and their roles in processes like root growth, fruit ripening, cell division, and seed germination. Additional emphasis is placed on photoperiodism (short-day and short-night plants), de-etiolation (greening), secondary messengers (e.g., cAMP, calcium ions), and environmental stress responses (biotic vs. abiotic). These questions help bridge understanding between cellular mechanisms and whole-organism responses, making this document an ideal study tool for final exam review. This final exam resource is ideal for students in introductory biology courses and related programs that focus on cellular communication, plant signaling, and neurobiology. Relevant for: – Students in Biology, Neuroscience, Botany, Plant Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, Pre-Med, or Environmental Biology – Courses such as General Biology II, Plant Biology, Animal Physiology, or Introductory Neuroscience Keywords: action potential, sensory neurons, motor neurons, interneurons, potassium gradient, sodium channels, neurotransmitters, cochlea, olfactory bulb, visual cortex, vestibular sense, troponin, calcium ions, synaptic signaling, auxin, cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellins, plant hormones, de-etiolation, short-day plants, secondary messengers, cAMP, calcium signaling, abiotic stress, biotic stress, seed germination, photoperiodism, plant signaling, LSU