Human Anatomy Chapter 19: Blood
Questions & Answers| Grade A| 100%
Correct (Verified Solutions)
how much body weight does blood make up - ANSWER>>8% of total body weight
average blood volume - ANSWER>>5-6L in men, 4-5L in women
distribution/transport of blood - ANSWER>>carrying oxygen from the lungs to
body tissues, delivering nutrients and water to body tissues, transporting
metabolic wastes from body tissues to sits of elimination, and transporting
endocrine hormones to their target organs
regulatory functions of blood - ANSWER>>maintaining normal body temperature,
maintaining normal pH in body tissues, maintaining normal fluid volume in the
circulatory system, protection
how does the blood maintain normal body temperature - ANSWER>>blood does
this by absorbing and distributing heat throughout the body and to the skin where
heat loss can occur
how does the blood maintain normal pH in body tissues - ANSWER>>many blood
proteins and solutes act as buffers. these buffers prevent sudden pH changes.
blood stores bicarbonate ions, which serve as the primaru buffer in body tissues
how does the blood protect - ANSWER>>preventing blood loss and fighting and
preventing infection
,preventing blood loss - ANSWER>>platelets and blood proteins aid in clot
formation which stops blood loss
fighting and preventing infections - ANSWER>>antibodies and leukocytes are
involved in fighting and preventing infection
2 primary components of blood - ANSWER>>plasma and formed elements
plasma - ANSWER>>the liquid matrix of blood
formed elements - ANSWER>>blood cells and cell fragments, these are suspended
in plasma
formed elements in blood - ANSWER>>erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes
erthyrocytes - ANSWER>>red blood cells. 7.5 micrometers in diameter, biconcave
discs with depressed centers
leukocytes - ANSWER>>white blood cells
thrombocytes - ANSWER>>platelets
how is blood examined - ANSWER>>blood is spun in a centrifuge, this pushes the
heavier formed elements to the bottom of the tube, and the less dense plasma
remains at the top
hematocrit - ANSWER>>the percentage of erythrocytes to total blood volume
buffy coat - ANSWER>>a thin, white layer at the top of the erythrocyte layer. the
buffy coat contains leukocytes and platelets
plasma while being examined - ANSWER>>sits above the buffy coat and it makes
up 55% of blood volume
, what is plasma composed of - ANSWER>>water, plasma proteins, non-protein
nitrogenous substances, nutrients, electrolytes, respiratory gases
water - ANSWER>>accounts for over 90% of total plasma volume. water serves as
a dissolving and suspending medium for blood solutes and it participates in heat
transfers
plasma proteins - ANSWER>>account for 8% of total plasma volume, includes
albumin, globulins, clotting proteins, fibrinogen, metabolic enzymes, antibacterial
proteins
albumin - ANSWER>>accounts for 60% of plasma proteins, produced by the liver.
acts as blood buffer and creates osmotic pressure
osmotic pressure - ANSWER>>acts to maintain water balance between blood and
tissues
globulins - ANSWER>>accounts for 36% of plasma proteins
2 types of globulins - ANSWER>>alpha, beta globulins and gamma globulins
alpha, beta globulins - ANSWER>>produced by the liver. transport proteins that
attach to and transport lipids, metal ions, and fat-soluble vitamins
gamma globulins - ANSWER>>antibodies released primarily by plasma cells during
an immune response
clotting proteins - ANSWER>>makes up 4% of plasma proteins, includes fibrinogen
and prothrombin which are involved in blood clotting. both are produced in the
liver
Questions & Answers| Grade A| 100%
Correct (Verified Solutions)
how much body weight does blood make up - ANSWER>>8% of total body weight
average blood volume - ANSWER>>5-6L in men, 4-5L in women
distribution/transport of blood - ANSWER>>carrying oxygen from the lungs to
body tissues, delivering nutrients and water to body tissues, transporting
metabolic wastes from body tissues to sits of elimination, and transporting
endocrine hormones to their target organs
regulatory functions of blood - ANSWER>>maintaining normal body temperature,
maintaining normal pH in body tissues, maintaining normal fluid volume in the
circulatory system, protection
how does the blood maintain normal body temperature - ANSWER>>blood does
this by absorbing and distributing heat throughout the body and to the skin where
heat loss can occur
how does the blood maintain normal pH in body tissues - ANSWER>>many blood
proteins and solutes act as buffers. these buffers prevent sudden pH changes.
blood stores bicarbonate ions, which serve as the primaru buffer in body tissues
how does the blood protect - ANSWER>>preventing blood loss and fighting and
preventing infection
,preventing blood loss - ANSWER>>platelets and blood proteins aid in clot
formation which stops blood loss
fighting and preventing infections - ANSWER>>antibodies and leukocytes are
involved in fighting and preventing infection
2 primary components of blood - ANSWER>>plasma and formed elements
plasma - ANSWER>>the liquid matrix of blood
formed elements - ANSWER>>blood cells and cell fragments, these are suspended
in plasma
formed elements in blood - ANSWER>>erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes
erthyrocytes - ANSWER>>red blood cells. 7.5 micrometers in diameter, biconcave
discs with depressed centers
leukocytes - ANSWER>>white blood cells
thrombocytes - ANSWER>>platelets
how is blood examined - ANSWER>>blood is spun in a centrifuge, this pushes the
heavier formed elements to the bottom of the tube, and the less dense plasma
remains at the top
hematocrit - ANSWER>>the percentage of erythrocytes to total blood volume
buffy coat - ANSWER>>a thin, white layer at the top of the erythrocyte layer. the
buffy coat contains leukocytes and platelets
plasma while being examined - ANSWER>>sits above the buffy coat and it makes
up 55% of blood volume
, what is plasma composed of - ANSWER>>water, plasma proteins, non-protein
nitrogenous substances, nutrients, electrolytes, respiratory gases
water - ANSWER>>accounts for over 90% of total plasma volume. water serves as
a dissolving and suspending medium for blood solutes and it participates in heat
transfers
plasma proteins - ANSWER>>account for 8% of total plasma volume, includes
albumin, globulins, clotting proteins, fibrinogen, metabolic enzymes, antibacterial
proteins
albumin - ANSWER>>accounts for 60% of plasma proteins, produced by the liver.
acts as blood buffer and creates osmotic pressure
osmotic pressure - ANSWER>>acts to maintain water balance between blood and
tissues
globulins - ANSWER>>accounts for 36% of plasma proteins
2 types of globulins - ANSWER>>alpha, beta globulins and gamma globulins
alpha, beta globulins - ANSWER>>produced by the liver. transport proteins that
attach to and transport lipids, metal ions, and fat-soluble vitamins
gamma globulins - ANSWER>>antibodies released primarily by plasma cells during
an immune response
clotting proteins - ANSWER>>makes up 4% of plasma proteins, includes fibrinogen
and prothrombin which are involved in blood clotting. both are produced in the
liver
