UIUC MCB 150 - Final Exam Review
Who speculated that cells are living entities and plants are aggregates of cells? - correct answer
Schleiden
Who proposed that all cells originate from other cells? - correct answer Virchow
Which of these statements is not a part of the cell theory?
All cells are replaced
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells
new cells come only from pre-existing cells by cell division
cells are the smallest units of life - correct answer all cells are replaced
The field that involves the study of cells and how they interact with other cells is termed -
correct answer cell/cellular biology/physiology
In terms of cell size, the majority of cells are - correct answer too small to be seen with the
unaided eye
Which scientists are credited with the cell theory? - correct answer Schleiden and Schwann
The German botanist who speculated in 1838 that cells are living entities and that plants are
aggregates of cells was - correct answer Schleiden
The interaction of which of the following macromolecules plays an important role in the
formation of living cells?
DNA
Lipids
Carbs
,RNA
Proteins - correct answer DNA, RNA, Proteins
How would early cells benefit from DNA replacing RNA as the information storage molecule? -
correct answer RNA would have more flexibility in its catalytic functions.
Information would be stored in a more stable molecule.
A magnification tool that enables researchers to study the structure and function of cells is the -
correct answer microscope
A photograph taken by means of a microscope is called a(n) - correct answer micrograph
Which macromolecule forms the foundation for the structure and activities of living cells?
Multiple choice question. - correct answer proteins
What are the three important parameters of microscopy?
Multiple select question. - correct answer resolution, contrast, magnification
The different chemical properties of amino acids have given proteins ______ catalytic ability
than RNA molecules. - correct answer greater
The ability to observe two adjacent objects as distinct from one another, a measure of clarity, is
called - correct answer resolution
Which of these is an optical instrument that allows researchers to view and study very small
objects, such as cellular structures?
Multiple choice question. - correct answer microscope
Which of these refers to the ability to visualize a particular cell structure and may involve
staining? - correct answer contrast
What parameter of an optical instrument refers to its ability to make small objects appear
larger? - correct answer magnification
The resolution of this microscope is better than a light microscope: - correct answer electron
microscrope
The ability to visualize a particular cell structure based on how different it looks from an
adjacent structure is called - correct answer contrast
,The process that selectively labels individual components of a cell and may greatly improve
contrast is the application of a(n) - correct answer stains (staining)
What are the two main types of electron microscopy? - correct answer Transmission and
Scanning electron microscopy
What is the main difference between a light and electron microscope? - correct answer the
source of illumination
The complete set of genetic material present in a cell or organism is called its ______. - correct
answer genome
True or false: The resolution of an electron microscope is far better than that of a light
microscope. - correct answer true
Based on cell structure, all life forms can be placed into two categories called - correct answer
eukaryotes and prokaryote
Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes because they lack a membrane-enclosed _________ which
houses the DNA. - correct answer nucleus / nuclei
Prokaryotes consists of two categories of organisms: - correct answer bacteria and archaea
A phospholipid bilayer that forms a barrier between a cell and its external environment is the -
correct answer plasma membrane
The entire complement of the genetic material of a species is its - correct answer genome
The area of the cell that is surrounded by the plasma membrane is called the ______. - correct
answer cytoplasm
The cell walls of most bacteria and archaea are ______. - correct answer rigid
What do prokaryotes lack? - correct answer nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Appendages used by prokaryotic cells to move are called - correct answer flagella
Identify the two categories that prokaryotes can be divided into from an evolutionary
perspective. - correct answer archaea and bacteria
What property do flagella provide to bacterial cells? - correct answer motility
What is the phospholipid bilayer barrier between the cell and its external environment called? -
correct answer plasma membrane
Where is most of the DNA located in a eukaryotic cell? - correct answer nucleus
In a bacterial cell, the region of the cell contained within the plasma membrane is called the -
correct answer cytoplasm
, Which of the following is the best reason for cells being small?
Larger cells would not be able to get necessary gases and nutrients quickly enough.
Larger cells would require more nutrients and there is usually a limited supply.
The cell membrane can only stretch so much and so cannot accommodate the larger size.
Larger cells would create too much heat and enzymes will denature. - correct answer Larger
cells would not be able to get necessary gases and nutrients quickly enough.
Nearly all species of archaea and bacteria have rigid _______________ that supports and
protects the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. - correct answer cell walls
What is used by prokaryotes to move? - correct answer flagella
_________ are long, threadlike structures, which are used to provide motility to bacterial cells. -
correct answer flagella
What term describes the region of a eukaryotic cell that is outside the membrane-bound
organelles but inside the plasma membrane? - correct answer cytosol
In eukaryotic cells, most of the DNA is housed in an internal compartment, or organelle, called
the - correct answer nucleus
Which statement best describes the cytosol?
A central region that contains the genetic material
An external region that aids in cell movement
An external region that protects the cytoplasm
A central region that coordinates many metabolic activities - correct answer A central region
that coordinates many metabolic activities
Who speculated that cells are living entities and plants are aggregates of cells? - correct answer
Schleiden
Who proposed that all cells originate from other cells? - correct answer Virchow
Which of these statements is not a part of the cell theory?
All cells are replaced
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells
new cells come only from pre-existing cells by cell division
cells are the smallest units of life - correct answer all cells are replaced
The field that involves the study of cells and how they interact with other cells is termed -
correct answer cell/cellular biology/physiology
In terms of cell size, the majority of cells are - correct answer too small to be seen with the
unaided eye
Which scientists are credited with the cell theory? - correct answer Schleiden and Schwann
The German botanist who speculated in 1838 that cells are living entities and that plants are
aggregates of cells was - correct answer Schleiden
The interaction of which of the following macromolecules plays an important role in the
formation of living cells?
DNA
Lipids
Carbs
,RNA
Proteins - correct answer DNA, RNA, Proteins
How would early cells benefit from DNA replacing RNA as the information storage molecule? -
correct answer RNA would have more flexibility in its catalytic functions.
Information would be stored in a more stable molecule.
A magnification tool that enables researchers to study the structure and function of cells is the -
correct answer microscope
A photograph taken by means of a microscope is called a(n) - correct answer micrograph
Which macromolecule forms the foundation for the structure and activities of living cells?
Multiple choice question. - correct answer proteins
What are the three important parameters of microscopy?
Multiple select question. - correct answer resolution, contrast, magnification
The different chemical properties of amino acids have given proteins ______ catalytic ability
than RNA molecules. - correct answer greater
The ability to observe two adjacent objects as distinct from one another, a measure of clarity, is
called - correct answer resolution
Which of these is an optical instrument that allows researchers to view and study very small
objects, such as cellular structures?
Multiple choice question. - correct answer microscope
Which of these refers to the ability to visualize a particular cell structure and may involve
staining? - correct answer contrast
What parameter of an optical instrument refers to its ability to make small objects appear
larger? - correct answer magnification
The resolution of this microscope is better than a light microscope: - correct answer electron
microscrope
The ability to visualize a particular cell structure based on how different it looks from an
adjacent structure is called - correct answer contrast
,The process that selectively labels individual components of a cell and may greatly improve
contrast is the application of a(n) - correct answer stains (staining)
What are the two main types of electron microscopy? - correct answer Transmission and
Scanning electron microscopy
What is the main difference between a light and electron microscope? - correct answer the
source of illumination
The complete set of genetic material present in a cell or organism is called its ______. - correct
answer genome
True or false: The resolution of an electron microscope is far better than that of a light
microscope. - correct answer true
Based on cell structure, all life forms can be placed into two categories called - correct answer
eukaryotes and prokaryote
Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes because they lack a membrane-enclosed _________ which
houses the DNA. - correct answer nucleus / nuclei
Prokaryotes consists of two categories of organisms: - correct answer bacteria and archaea
A phospholipid bilayer that forms a barrier between a cell and its external environment is the -
correct answer plasma membrane
The entire complement of the genetic material of a species is its - correct answer genome
The area of the cell that is surrounded by the plasma membrane is called the ______. - correct
answer cytoplasm
The cell walls of most bacteria and archaea are ______. - correct answer rigid
What do prokaryotes lack? - correct answer nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Appendages used by prokaryotic cells to move are called - correct answer flagella
Identify the two categories that prokaryotes can be divided into from an evolutionary
perspective. - correct answer archaea and bacteria
What property do flagella provide to bacterial cells? - correct answer motility
What is the phospholipid bilayer barrier between the cell and its external environment called? -
correct answer plasma membrane
Where is most of the DNA located in a eukaryotic cell? - correct answer nucleus
In a bacterial cell, the region of the cell contained within the plasma membrane is called the -
correct answer cytoplasm
, Which of the following is the best reason for cells being small?
Larger cells would not be able to get necessary gases and nutrients quickly enough.
Larger cells would require more nutrients and there is usually a limited supply.
The cell membrane can only stretch so much and so cannot accommodate the larger size.
Larger cells would create too much heat and enzymes will denature. - correct answer Larger
cells would not be able to get necessary gases and nutrients quickly enough.
Nearly all species of archaea and bacteria have rigid _______________ that supports and
protects the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. - correct answer cell walls
What is used by prokaryotes to move? - correct answer flagella
_________ are long, threadlike structures, which are used to provide motility to bacterial cells. -
correct answer flagella
What term describes the region of a eukaryotic cell that is outside the membrane-bound
organelles but inside the plasma membrane? - correct answer cytosol
In eukaryotic cells, most of the DNA is housed in an internal compartment, or organelle, called
the - correct answer nucleus
Which statement best describes the cytosol?
A central region that contains the genetic material
An external region that aids in cell movement
An external region that protects the cytoplasm
A central region that coordinates many metabolic activities - correct answer A central region
that coordinates many metabolic activities
