Nursing Pharmacology (Drugs) with Complete Solutions
albuterol - - (SABA) short acting beta 2 hypokalemia.
receptor agonist, used for bronchospasm, acute
symptoms of asthma
aspirin - - A drug that decrease platelet
aggregation and is used to prevent arterial
acetaminophen - - centrally acting cox thrombosis, stroke, or MI. Major SEs include risk
inhibitor; analgesic and antipyretic properties; no of major GI bleeding. This drug is an NSAID that
antiinflammatory,antirheumatic properties works by inhibiting platelet COX, COX-1, and
COX-2.
acyclovir - - Antimetabolite for Treating
Herpes Simplex Virus & Varicella-Zoster Virus beclomethasone - - inhaled corticosteroid
Infections; used to treat airway inflammation in asthma
MOAs: Purine necleoside analog: DNA
polymerase inhibitor, suppresses synthesis of
viral DNA, resistance. bethanechol - - muscarinic agnonist, used
primarily for urinary retention
amiodarone - - Class 3 Potassium channel
blocker buproprion - - (DA and NE). Weight loss,
Only approved for life-threatening dysrhythmias. seizure, insomnia, headache, serotonin
Delays repolarization and extends action syndrome (see laundry list above), withdrawal,
potential of heart muscle cells. Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
SE: Profound hypotension."
captopril - - ACE inhibitor - shown to have
amoxicillin - - Broad-spectrum penicillin efficacious effects in treating a patient with heart
active against H. influenzae, E. coli, and N. failure. Blocks production of angiotensin II, dilates
Gonorrhoeae. It is inactivated by beta- arterioles and veins, and decreases release of
lactamases, so not helpful for Staphylococcus. aldosterone. It may show the adverse effects of
hypotension, hyperkalemia, or persistant cough,
CARDIAC REMODELING
atropine - - muscinarinic receptor
antagonist/anticholinergic drug; used for
mydriases (eye exams), to raise HR, lower GI carbenicillin - - "Extended spectrum
motility, and as antidote to muscarinic poisoning (antipseudomonal penicillins), which has the
(rx, shrooms) same spectrum of activity as broad-spectrum
penicillins, plus treatment of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
amphotericin B - - broad spectrum
antifungal, which is the agent of choice for
systemic mycoses, despite being highly toxic. Its cefotaxime - - "Third generation
uses are limited to treating progressive and cephalosporin with activity against meningitis and
potentially fatal infections. Adverse effects nosocomial infections resistant to others
include infusion reactions, nephrotoxicity, and (restricted use). It has greater activity against
, Nursing Pharmacology (Drugs) with Complete Solutions
Gram negative bacteria, increased resistance to vasodilation
beta-lactamases, and better ability to reach CSF.
clavulanic acid - - A penicillinase inhibitor
cephalexin - - "First generation that is combined with a broad spectrum penicillin
cephalosporin poor activity against Gram to increase is bactericidal activity.
negative bacteria, sensitive to to most beta-
lactamases, unable to reach CSF. Used for
Staphylococcus if mild penicillin allergy. clopidogrel - - decreases platelet
aggregation and is used to prevent arterial
thrombosis or stroke. Major SEs include risk of
celecoxib - - 2nd Generation Nonsteroidal major GI bleeding. This drug is not an NSAID and
Antiinflammatory Drug (COX-2 Selective NSAID); does not inhibit COX
AE: risk of CV events, warfarin may be more
effective with celecoxib
chlorpromazine - - FGA, low potency,
treats positive symptoms. SE: Sedation,
cholestyramine - - Inhibits bile reabsorption orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects.
in intenstine, increases LDL receptors in liver, NOTE: it may take up to 6 weeks to see effects
accelerates bile excretion. Many of the adverse
effects result from the drug not being absorbed
from GI, including constipation and a decreased cromolyn - - mast cell stabilizer, inhaled, for
absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, & K). asthma or allergies
ciprofloxacin - - fluoroquinolone diphenhydramine - - 1st Generation H1
broad -cidal. PO tetracycline and cipro should Competitive Antagonist; antihistamine (benadryl),
NOT BE GIVEN WITH ANTACIDS. sedation effects
ALSO KNOW IT CAN RUPTURE TENDONS
AND CAUSE CANDIDA. "
digoxin - - "Medication prescribed for
treating heart failure and some dysrhythmias. It is
codeine - - antitussive, AE: respiratory an ionotropic agent with narrow therapeutic
depression index. Increases myocardial contractility and
also weak mu opioid agonist cardiac output. Improves symptoms but not
shown to increase life expectancy. Significant
cardiotoxicity requires monitoring of drug levels
clozapine - - atypical antipsychotic; 2nd and K+ levels
Gen. Treats negative symptoms. Greater efficacy
than 1st gen. Fewer EPS/tardive dyskinesia side
effects. SE: Agranulocytosis and Metabolic epinephrine - - Mixed Alpha/Beta
effects (Weight gain, diabetes, hyperlipidemia) Adrenergic Receptor Agonists (Nonselective)
clonidine - - alpha 2 agonist, HTN drug -> dabigatrine - - direct thrombin inhibitor,
albuterol - - (SABA) short acting beta 2 hypokalemia.
receptor agonist, used for bronchospasm, acute
symptoms of asthma
aspirin - - A drug that decrease platelet
aggregation and is used to prevent arterial
acetaminophen - - centrally acting cox thrombosis, stroke, or MI. Major SEs include risk
inhibitor; analgesic and antipyretic properties; no of major GI bleeding. This drug is an NSAID that
antiinflammatory,antirheumatic properties works by inhibiting platelet COX, COX-1, and
COX-2.
acyclovir - - Antimetabolite for Treating
Herpes Simplex Virus & Varicella-Zoster Virus beclomethasone - - inhaled corticosteroid
Infections; used to treat airway inflammation in asthma
MOAs: Purine necleoside analog: DNA
polymerase inhibitor, suppresses synthesis of
viral DNA, resistance. bethanechol - - muscarinic agnonist, used
primarily for urinary retention
amiodarone - - Class 3 Potassium channel
blocker buproprion - - (DA and NE). Weight loss,
Only approved for life-threatening dysrhythmias. seizure, insomnia, headache, serotonin
Delays repolarization and extends action syndrome (see laundry list above), withdrawal,
potential of heart muscle cells. Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
SE: Profound hypotension."
captopril - - ACE inhibitor - shown to have
amoxicillin - - Broad-spectrum penicillin efficacious effects in treating a patient with heart
active against H. influenzae, E. coli, and N. failure. Blocks production of angiotensin II, dilates
Gonorrhoeae. It is inactivated by beta- arterioles and veins, and decreases release of
lactamases, so not helpful for Staphylococcus. aldosterone. It may show the adverse effects of
hypotension, hyperkalemia, or persistant cough,
CARDIAC REMODELING
atropine - - muscinarinic receptor
antagonist/anticholinergic drug; used for
mydriases (eye exams), to raise HR, lower GI carbenicillin - - "Extended spectrum
motility, and as antidote to muscarinic poisoning (antipseudomonal penicillins), which has the
(rx, shrooms) same spectrum of activity as broad-spectrum
penicillins, plus treatment of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
amphotericin B - - broad spectrum
antifungal, which is the agent of choice for
systemic mycoses, despite being highly toxic. Its cefotaxime - - "Third generation
uses are limited to treating progressive and cephalosporin with activity against meningitis and
potentially fatal infections. Adverse effects nosocomial infections resistant to others
include infusion reactions, nephrotoxicity, and (restricted use). It has greater activity against
, Nursing Pharmacology (Drugs) with Complete Solutions
Gram negative bacteria, increased resistance to vasodilation
beta-lactamases, and better ability to reach CSF.
clavulanic acid - - A penicillinase inhibitor
cephalexin - - "First generation that is combined with a broad spectrum penicillin
cephalosporin poor activity against Gram to increase is bactericidal activity.
negative bacteria, sensitive to to most beta-
lactamases, unable to reach CSF. Used for
Staphylococcus if mild penicillin allergy. clopidogrel - - decreases platelet
aggregation and is used to prevent arterial
thrombosis or stroke. Major SEs include risk of
celecoxib - - 2nd Generation Nonsteroidal major GI bleeding. This drug is not an NSAID and
Antiinflammatory Drug (COX-2 Selective NSAID); does not inhibit COX
AE: risk of CV events, warfarin may be more
effective with celecoxib
chlorpromazine - - FGA, low potency,
treats positive symptoms. SE: Sedation,
cholestyramine - - Inhibits bile reabsorption orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects.
in intenstine, increases LDL receptors in liver, NOTE: it may take up to 6 weeks to see effects
accelerates bile excretion. Many of the adverse
effects result from the drug not being absorbed
from GI, including constipation and a decreased cromolyn - - mast cell stabilizer, inhaled, for
absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, & K). asthma or allergies
ciprofloxacin - - fluoroquinolone diphenhydramine - - 1st Generation H1
broad -cidal. PO tetracycline and cipro should Competitive Antagonist; antihistamine (benadryl),
NOT BE GIVEN WITH ANTACIDS. sedation effects
ALSO KNOW IT CAN RUPTURE TENDONS
AND CAUSE CANDIDA. "
digoxin - - "Medication prescribed for
treating heart failure and some dysrhythmias. It is
codeine - - antitussive, AE: respiratory an ionotropic agent with narrow therapeutic
depression index. Increases myocardial contractility and
also weak mu opioid agonist cardiac output. Improves symptoms but not
shown to increase life expectancy. Significant
cardiotoxicity requires monitoring of drug levels
clozapine - - atypical antipsychotic; 2nd and K+ levels
Gen. Treats negative symptoms. Greater efficacy
than 1st gen. Fewer EPS/tardive dyskinesia side
effects. SE: Agranulocytosis and Metabolic epinephrine - - Mixed Alpha/Beta
effects (Weight gain, diabetes, hyperlipidemia) Adrenergic Receptor Agonists (Nonselective)
clonidine - - alpha 2 agonist, HTN drug -> dabigatrine - - direct thrombin inhibitor,
