Test Bank for Pediatric Primary Care:
Practice Guidelines for Nurses, 5th Edition
(Richardson) | All Chapters Included |
Verified Complete A+ Study Guide |
Updated for 2025
Section 1: Growth and Development
Q1: A 4-month-old infant is being assessed for developmental milestones. Which finding is
expected?
a) Sitting unsupported
b) Rolls from back to front
c) Using pincer grasp
d) Saying “mama” specifically
Answer: b) Rolls from back to front
Rationale: At around 4 months, infants typically roll from back to front; sitting unsupported
develops around 6 months, pincer grasp at 9 months, and specific words around 12 months.
Q2: The nurse is teaching parents about toddler development. Which statement indicates
understanding?
a) Toddlers enjoy parallel play
b) Toddlers prefer solitary play only
c) Toddlers can follow complex multistep commands
d) Toddlers develop abstract reasoning
Answer: a) Toddlers enjoy parallel play
Rationale: Toddlers play alongside other children rather than with them; complex commands
and abstract reasoning develop later.
Q3: A 2-year-old exhibits temper tantrums frequently. The nurse should:
a) Ignore the behavior entirely
b) Use consistent limits and positive reinforcement
c) Punish harshly to discourage behavior
d) Allow the child to control the environment
,Answer: b) Use consistent limits and positive reinforcement
Rationale: Consistency and positive reinforcement help toddlers develop self-control and
appropriate social behaviors.
Q4: At 6 months, an infant should be able to:
a) Crawl
b) Sit with support
c) Walk independently
d) Speak first words
Answer: b) Sit with support
Rationale: Sitting with support is expected around 6 months; crawling occurs around 7–9
months, walking around 12 months, and first words around 12 months.
Q5: Which reflex should disappear by 4 months of age?
a) Moro reflex
b) Babinski reflex
c) Rooting reflex
d) Plantar grasp reflex
Answer: c) Rooting reflex
Rationale: Rooting reflex fades by 3–4 months as voluntary head and mouth movements
develop; Moro disappears by 4–6 months.
Section 2: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Q6: During a well-child visit, the nurse advises parents to:
a) Begin solid foods at 2 months
b) Continue exclusive breastfeeding for about 6 months
c) Give cow’s milk immediately after birth
d) Introduce honey at 4 months
Answer: b) Continue exclusive breastfeeding for about 6 months
Rationale: Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months; early solids or
honey can cause choking or botulism.
Q7: A 3-year-old is due for vaccinations. Which is appropriate?
a) MMR booster if not given
b) Hepatitis B initial series
c) DTaP first dose
d) Varicella series complete at 1 month
, Answer: a) MMR booster if not given
Rationale: Age-appropriate vaccines must follow CDC schedule; boosters are given at
recommended ages.
Q8: The nurse educates parents about safe sleep practices for infants. Which is correct?
a) Place infant on stomach to sleep
b) Use soft bedding and pillows
c) Place infant on back in a crib without loose items
d) Co-sleeping is recommended
Answer: c) Place infant on back in a crib without loose items
Rationale: Reduces the risk of SIDS; soft bedding and prone sleeping increase risk.
Q9: Parents ask about fever management. The nurse advises:
a) Avoid antipyretics entirely
b) Encourage fluids and monitor, using acetaminophen if uncomfortable
c) Use aspirin for fever reduction
d) Ignore any fever under 103°F
Answer: b) Encourage fluids and monitor, using acetaminophen if uncomfortable
Rationale: Antipyretics relieve discomfort; aspirin is contraindicated in children due to Reye’s
syndrome.
Q10: Which behavior indicates proper toddler nutrition?
a) Preferring juice over milk
b) Refusing all vegetables
c) Eating small amounts from all food groups with occasional picky behavior
d) Skipping meals regularly
Answer: c) Eating small amounts from all food groups with occasional picky behavior
Rationale: Toddlers often have variable appetite but should have a balanced diet; juice should
be limited.
Section 3: Common Pediatric Illnesses
Q11: A child presents with barking cough and inspiratory stridor. The nurse suspects:
a) Croup
b) Asthma
c) Bronchiolitis
d) Pertussis
Answer: a) Croup
Rationale: Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) presents with barky cough, stridor, and
hoarseness.
Practice Guidelines for Nurses, 5th Edition
(Richardson) | All Chapters Included |
Verified Complete A+ Study Guide |
Updated for 2025
Section 1: Growth and Development
Q1: A 4-month-old infant is being assessed for developmental milestones. Which finding is
expected?
a) Sitting unsupported
b) Rolls from back to front
c) Using pincer grasp
d) Saying “mama” specifically
Answer: b) Rolls from back to front
Rationale: At around 4 months, infants typically roll from back to front; sitting unsupported
develops around 6 months, pincer grasp at 9 months, and specific words around 12 months.
Q2: The nurse is teaching parents about toddler development. Which statement indicates
understanding?
a) Toddlers enjoy parallel play
b) Toddlers prefer solitary play only
c) Toddlers can follow complex multistep commands
d) Toddlers develop abstract reasoning
Answer: a) Toddlers enjoy parallel play
Rationale: Toddlers play alongside other children rather than with them; complex commands
and abstract reasoning develop later.
Q3: A 2-year-old exhibits temper tantrums frequently. The nurse should:
a) Ignore the behavior entirely
b) Use consistent limits and positive reinforcement
c) Punish harshly to discourage behavior
d) Allow the child to control the environment
,Answer: b) Use consistent limits and positive reinforcement
Rationale: Consistency and positive reinforcement help toddlers develop self-control and
appropriate social behaviors.
Q4: At 6 months, an infant should be able to:
a) Crawl
b) Sit with support
c) Walk independently
d) Speak first words
Answer: b) Sit with support
Rationale: Sitting with support is expected around 6 months; crawling occurs around 7–9
months, walking around 12 months, and first words around 12 months.
Q5: Which reflex should disappear by 4 months of age?
a) Moro reflex
b) Babinski reflex
c) Rooting reflex
d) Plantar grasp reflex
Answer: c) Rooting reflex
Rationale: Rooting reflex fades by 3–4 months as voluntary head and mouth movements
develop; Moro disappears by 4–6 months.
Section 2: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Q6: During a well-child visit, the nurse advises parents to:
a) Begin solid foods at 2 months
b) Continue exclusive breastfeeding for about 6 months
c) Give cow’s milk immediately after birth
d) Introduce honey at 4 months
Answer: b) Continue exclusive breastfeeding for about 6 months
Rationale: Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months; early solids or
honey can cause choking or botulism.
Q7: A 3-year-old is due for vaccinations. Which is appropriate?
a) MMR booster if not given
b) Hepatitis B initial series
c) DTaP first dose
d) Varicella series complete at 1 month
, Answer: a) MMR booster if not given
Rationale: Age-appropriate vaccines must follow CDC schedule; boosters are given at
recommended ages.
Q8: The nurse educates parents about safe sleep practices for infants. Which is correct?
a) Place infant on stomach to sleep
b) Use soft bedding and pillows
c) Place infant on back in a crib without loose items
d) Co-sleeping is recommended
Answer: c) Place infant on back in a crib without loose items
Rationale: Reduces the risk of SIDS; soft bedding and prone sleeping increase risk.
Q9: Parents ask about fever management. The nurse advises:
a) Avoid antipyretics entirely
b) Encourage fluids and monitor, using acetaminophen if uncomfortable
c) Use aspirin for fever reduction
d) Ignore any fever under 103°F
Answer: b) Encourage fluids and monitor, using acetaminophen if uncomfortable
Rationale: Antipyretics relieve discomfort; aspirin is contraindicated in children due to Reye’s
syndrome.
Q10: Which behavior indicates proper toddler nutrition?
a) Preferring juice over milk
b) Refusing all vegetables
c) Eating small amounts from all food groups with occasional picky behavior
d) Skipping meals regularly
Answer: c) Eating small amounts from all food groups with occasional picky behavior
Rationale: Toddlers often have variable appetite but should have a balanced diet; juice should
be limited.
Section 3: Common Pediatric Illnesses
Q11: A child presents with barking cough and inspiratory stridor. The nurse suspects:
a) Croup
b) Asthma
c) Bronchiolitis
d) Pertussis
Answer: a) Croup
Rationale: Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) presents with barky cough, stridor, and
hoarseness.
