Causes of fetal heart rate (FHR) changes not related directly to fetal oxygenation can include
fetal sleep cycles, extreme prematurity, and maternal conditions such as:
a. fever and infection
b. medication and positioning
c. substance abuse and fever - ANSWER a. fever and infection
are maternal conditions that can affect the fetal heart rate without being related to fetal
oxygenation.
Medication can trigger nonhypoxic changes in fetal heart rate, but maternal conditions such
as positioning can cause hypoxia through umbilical cord compression.
Maternal substance abuse could lead to hypoxia while a maternal fever is associated with
nonhypoxic fetal heart rate changes
The mechanism for placental transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide is
a. active transport
b. facilitated diffusion
c. passive diffusion - ANSWER c. passive diffusion
A fetal death occurred less than a week after a negative contraction stress test. The original
finding would be considered
a. equivocal
b. false negative
c. false positive - ANSWER b. false negative
According to Murta and colleagues, elevates arginine vasopressin levels are implicated in
1
, a. saltatory patterns
b. sinister heart patterns
c. sinosoidal patterns - ANSWER c. sinosoidal patterns
A saltatory pattern which shows excessive fetal heart rate variability in brief intervals is
indicative of
a. compensation
b. deterioration
c. mild hypoxic stress - ANSWER c. mild hypoxic stress
The quantification of bradycardia is based on
a. actual fetal heart rate in beats per minute
b. average of the baseline rate in ten minute period
c. duration of time the heart rate is below 90 - ANSWER a. actual fetal heart rate in
beats per minute
Studies have shows pulse oximetry as an adjunct surveillance method has what impact on
the incidence of cesarean deliveries?
a. decreases the rate
b. has no effect
c. requires more study - ANSWER b. has no effect
A tracing shows fetal bradycardia. The most likely cause for this fetal heart rate tracing is
a. heart block
b. sleep
c. traumatic brain injury - ANSWER a. heart block
Many severely anemic. Rh-affected fetuses do not have a sinusoidal pattern but do have a
round blunted pattern and
2
fetal sleep cycles, extreme prematurity, and maternal conditions such as:
a. fever and infection
b. medication and positioning
c. substance abuse and fever - ANSWER a. fever and infection
are maternal conditions that can affect the fetal heart rate without being related to fetal
oxygenation.
Medication can trigger nonhypoxic changes in fetal heart rate, but maternal conditions such
as positioning can cause hypoxia through umbilical cord compression.
Maternal substance abuse could lead to hypoxia while a maternal fever is associated with
nonhypoxic fetal heart rate changes
The mechanism for placental transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide is
a. active transport
b. facilitated diffusion
c. passive diffusion - ANSWER c. passive diffusion
A fetal death occurred less than a week after a negative contraction stress test. The original
finding would be considered
a. equivocal
b. false negative
c. false positive - ANSWER b. false negative
According to Murta and colleagues, elevates arginine vasopressin levels are implicated in
1
, a. saltatory patterns
b. sinister heart patterns
c. sinosoidal patterns - ANSWER c. sinosoidal patterns
A saltatory pattern which shows excessive fetal heart rate variability in brief intervals is
indicative of
a. compensation
b. deterioration
c. mild hypoxic stress - ANSWER c. mild hypoxic stress
The quantification of bradycardia is based on
a. actual fetal heart rate in beats per minute
b. average of the baseline rate in ten minute period
c. duration of time the heart rate is below 90 - ANSWER a. actual fetal heart rate in
beats per minute
Studies have shows pulse oximetry as an adjunct surveillance method has what impact on
the incidence of cesarean deliveries?
a. decreases the rate
b. has no effect
c. requires more study - ANSWER b. has no effect
A tracing shows fetal bradycardia. The most likely cause for this fetal heart rate tracing is
a. heart block
b. sleep
c. traumatic brain injury - ANSWER a. heart block
Many severely anemic. Rh-affected fetuses do not have a sinusoidal pattern but do have a
round blunted pattern and
2
