Aplus001
, Chapter 01: Community- and Prevention-Oriented Practice to Improve Population Health
l l l l l l l l l
MULTIPLElCHOICE
1. Whichloflthelfollowinglbestldescribeslcommunity-basedlnursing?
a. Alpracticelinlwhichlcarelislprovidedlforlindividualslandlfamilies
b. Providinglcarelwithlalfocuslonlthelgroup’slneeds
c. Givinglcarelwithlalfocusl onlthelaggregate’slneeds
d. Alvaluelsystemlinlwhichlalllclientslreceiveloptimallcare
ANS:l A
Byldefinition,lcommunity-basedlnursinglislalsetting-
specificlpracticelinlwhichlcarelislprovidedlforl“sick”lindividualslandlfamilieslwhereltheyllive,lwor
k,landlattendlschool.lThelemphasislislonlacutelandlchroniclcarelandlthelprovisionloflcomprehensiv
e,lcoordinated,landlcontinuouslcare.lTheselnurseslmaylbelgeneralistslorlspecialistslinlmaternal–
infant,lpediatric,ladult,lorlpsychiatriclmentallhealthlnursing.lCommunity-
basedlnursinglemphasizeslacutelandlchroniclcareltolindividualslandlfamilies,lratherlthanlfocusingl
onlgroups,laggregates,lorlsystems.
2. Whichloflthelfollowinglbestldescribeslcommunity-orientedlnursing?
a. Focusinglonlthelprovisionloflcareltolindividualslandlfamilies
b. Providinglcareltolmanagelacutelorlchroniclconditions
c. Givingldirectl careltol illl inNdivR
iduaIls l wGithB
i n.thCeir M
family l setting
d. Havinglthelgoalloflhealthlpromotion UlSlN landldiseaselprevention
ANS:l D
Byldefinition,lcommunity-
orientedlnursinglhaslthelgoalloflpreserving,lprotecting,lorlmaintaininglhealthlandlpreventingldisea
seltolpromotelthelqualitylofllife.lAlllnurseslmaylfocuslonlindividualslandlfamilies,lgiveldirectlcarelt
olilllpersonslwithinltheirlfamilylsetting,landlhelplmanagelacutelorlchroniclconditions.lTheseldefinit
ionslarelnotlspecificltolcommunity-orientedlnursing.
3. Whichloflthelfollowinglislthelprimarylfocusloflpubliclhealthlnursing?
a. Familieslandlgroups
b. Illness-orientedl care
c. Individualslwithinlthelfamilylunit
d. Healthlcareloflcommunitieslandlpopulations
ANS:l D
Inlpubliclhealthlnursinglthelprimarylfocuslislonlthelhealthlcareloflcommunitieslandlpopulationslrat
herlthanlonlindividuals,lgroups,landlfamilies.lThelgoallisltolpreventldiseaselandlpreserve,lpromote,l
restore,landlprotectlhealthlforlthelcommunitylandlthelpopulationlwithinlit.lCommunity-
basedlnursesldeallprimarilylwithlillness-
orientedlcareloflindividualslandlfamilieslacorsslthellifelspan.lThelaimlisltolamanagelacutelandlchro
niclhealthlconditionslinlthelcommunity,landlthelfocusloflpracticelislonlindividuallorlfamily-
centeredlillnesslcare.
Aplus001
, 4. Whichloflthelfollowinglislresponsiblelforltheldramaticlincreaselinllifelexpectancylduringlthel20thl
century?
a. Technologylincreaseslinlthelfieldloflmedicalllaboratorylresearch
b. Advanceslinlsurgicalltechniqueslandlprocedures
c. Sanitationlandlotherlpopulation-basedlpreventionlprograms
d. Useloflantibioticsltolfightlinfections
ANS:l C
Improvementslinlcontrolloflinfectiousldiseaseslthroughlimmunizations,lsanitation,landlotherlpop
ulation-
basedlpreventionlprogramslledltolthelincreaselinllifelexpectancylfromllesslthanl50lyearslinl1900ltol
morelthanl78lyearslinl2013.lAlthoughlpeoplelarelexcitedlwhenlalnewldruglisldiscoveredlthatlcuresl
aldiseaselorlwhenlalnewlwayltoltransplantlorganslislperfected,litlislimportantltolknowlaboutlthelsig
nificantlgainslinlthelhealthloflpopulationslthatlhavelcomellargelylfromlpubliclhealthlaccomplishm
ents.
5. Alnurselisldevelopinglalplanltoldecreaselthelnumberloflprematureldeathslinlthelcommunity.lWhi
chloflthelfollowinglinterventionslwouldlmostllikelylbelimplementedlbylthelnurse?
a. Increaselthelcommunity’slknowledgelaboutlhospicelcare.
b. Promotelhealthyllifestylelbehaviorlchoiceslamonglthelcommunitylmembers.
c. Encouragelemployersltolhavelwellnesslcenterslatleachlindustriallsite.
d. Ensureltimelylandleffectivelmedicallinterventionlandltreatmentlforlcommunitylme
mbers.
ANS:l B
Publiclhealthlapproacheslcouldlhelplpreventlprematureldeathslbylinfluencinglthelwaylpeopleleat,ld
rink,ldrive,lengagelinlexercise,landltreatlthelenvironment.lIncreasinglknowledgeloflhospicelcare,le
ncouraginglon-sitelwellnesslcenters,landlensuringltimelyltreatmentloflmedical
conditionsldolnotladdressltheNfU
ocR
usSoIf N
imGpT
roBv.
inC o vMe r a l l lhealthlthroughlhealthlpromotionlstrategi
glO
es.lThislislthelmajorlmethodlthatlislsuggestedltoldecreaselthelincidenceloflpremature
death.
6. Whichloflthelfollowinglislalbasiclassumptionloflpubliclhealthlefforts?
a. Healthldisparitieslamonglanylgroupslarelmorallylandllegallylwrong.
b. Healthlcarelislthelmostlimportantlprioritylinlgovernmentlplanninglandlfunding.
c. Thelhealthloflindividualslcannotlbelseparatedlfromlthelhealthloflthelcommunity.
d. ThelgovernmentlislresponsiblelforllengtheninglthellifelspanloflAmericans.
ANS:l C
Publiclhealthlpracticelfocuseslonlthelcommunitylaslalwhole,landltheleffectl oflthelcommunity’slhea
lthlstatusl(resources)lonlthelhealthloflindividuals,lfamilies,landlgroups.lThelgoallisltolpreventldisea
selandldisabilitylandlpromotelandlprotectlthelhealthloflthelcommunitylaslalwhole.lPubliclhealthlcanl
beldescribedlaslwhatlsocietylcollectivelyldoesltolensurelthatlconditionslexistlinlwhichlpeoplelcanlb
elhealthy.lThelbasiclassumptionsloflpubliclhealthldolnotljudgelthelmoralityloflhealthldisparities.lTh
elfocuslislonlpreventionloflillnesslnotlonlspendinglmorelonlillnesslcare.lAdditionally,lindividuallres
ponsibilitylforlmakinglhealthylchoiceslisltheldirectivelforllengtheningllifelspanlnotlthelroleloflthelg
overnment.
7. Whichloflthelfollowinglactionslwouldlmostllikelylbelperformedlbylalpubliclhealthlnurse?
a. Askinglcommunitylleaderslwhatlinterventionslshouldlbelchosen
b. Assessinglthelcommunitylandldecidinglonlappropriatelinterventions
c. Usingldatalfromlthelmainlhealthlcarelinstitutionslinlthelcommunityltoldetermine
Aplus001
, neededlhealthlservices
d. Workinglwithlcommunitylgroupsltolcreatelpoliciesltolimprovelthelenvironment
ANS:l D
Althoughlthelpubliclhealthlnurselmightlengagelinlanylofltheltasksllisted,lhelorlshelworkslprimarilyl
withlmembersloflthelcommunityltolcarryloutlcorelpubliclhealthlfunctions,lincludinglassessmentlofl
thelpopulationlaslalwholelandlengaginglinlpromotinglhealthlandlimprovinglthelenvironment.lTheli
nterventionsloflaskinglcommunitylleaderslwhichlinterventionslshouldlbelchosen,lasessinglthelco
mmunitylandldecidinglonlappropriatelinterventions,landlusingldatalfromlhealthlcarelinstitutionsld
olnotldemonstratelthelengagementloflthelcommunitylwhenlmakingldecisionslaboutlwhatlthelcom
munitylactuallylwantslandlneeds.
8. Whichloflthelfollowinglpubliclhealthlnurseslmostlclearlylfulfillslthelresponsibilitiesloflthislrole
?
a. Thelnurselwholmetlwithlseverall groupsltoldiscusslcommunitylrecreationlissues
b. Thelnurselwholspentltheldaylattendinglmeetingsloflvariouslhealthlagencies
c. Thelnurselwholtalkedltolseverallpeoplelaboutltheirlparticularlhealthlconcerns
d. Thelnurselwholwatchedlthelcitylcouncillmeetinglonllocallcableltelevision
ANS:l B
Anylofltheseldescriptionslmightlrepresentlalnurselcommunicating,lcooperating,lorlcollaboratingl
withlcommunitylresidentslorlgroupslaboutlhealthlconcerns.lHowever,lthelnurselwholspentlthelday
lattendinglmeetingsloflvariouslhealthlagencieslislthelmostlrepresentative,lbecauselinlpubliclhealth
,lconcernslareladdressedlfromlalbroaderlperspective.lInlpubliclhealth,lbroadlconcernsloflthelcomm
unitylshouldlbeladdressed.lConcernslarelbroaderlthanlrecreation,lindividuallconcernslarelnotlasli
mportantlaslaggregatelpriorities,landlwatchingltelevisionl(alone-
waylformloflcommunication)lisllessleffectivelthanlinteractinglwithlothers.
9. Whichloflthelfollowinglbestldefineslaggregate?
a. Allargelgrouploflpersons
b. Alcollectionloflindividualslandlfamilies
c. Alcollectionloflpeoplelwholsharelonelorlmorelcharacteristics
d. Anotherlnamelforldemographiclgroup
ANS:l C
Anlaggregatelisldefinedlalcollectionloflpeoplelwholsharelonelorlmorelpersonallorlenvironmentallc
haracteristics.lMembersloflalcommunitylcanlbeldefinedlinltermslofleitherlgeographyl(e.g.,lalcount
y,lalgrouploflcounties,lorlalstate)lorlalspeciallinterestl(e.g.,lchildrenlattendinglalparticularlschool).l
Theselmemberslmakeluplalpopulation.lTheltermlpopulationlmaylbelusedlinterchangeablylwithlthel
termlaggregate.lAllargelgrouploflpersons,lalcollectionloflindividualslandlfamilies,landlanotherlna
melforldemograhpiclgrouplarelnotlaccurateldefinitionslofltheltermlaggregate.
10. Alregisteredlnurselwasljustlemployedlaslalpubliclhealthlnurse.lWhichlquestionlwouldlbelthelmostl
relevantlforlthelnurseltolask?
a. “Whichlgroupslarelatlthelgreatestlrisklforlproblems?”
b. “Whichlpatientslshouldl Ilseelfirstlasl Ilbeginlmylday?”
c. “WithlwhichlphysicianslwilllIlbelmostlcloselylcollaborating?”
d. “WithlwhichlnursinglassistantslwilllIlpartnerlthelmost?”
ANS:l A
Aplus001
, Chapter 01: Community- and Prevention-Oriented Practice to Improve Population Health
l l l l l l l l l
MULTIPLElCHOICE
1. Whichloflthelfollowinglbestldescribeslcommunity-basedlnursing?
a. Alpracticelinlwhichlcarelislprovidedlforlindividualslandlfamilies
b. Providinglcarelwithlalfocuslonlthelgroup’slneeds
c. Givinglcarelwithlalfocusl onlthelaggregate’slneeds
d. Alvaluelsystemlinlwhichlalllclientslreceiveloptimallcare
ANS:l A
Byldefinition,lcommunity-basedlnursinglislalsetting-
specificlpracticelinlwhichlcarelislprovidedlforl“sick”lindividualslandlfamilieslwhereltheyllive,lwor
k,landlattendlschool.lThelemphasislislonlacutelandlchroniclcarelandlthelprovisionloflcomprehensiv
e,lcoordinated,landlcontinuouslcare.lTheselnurseslmaylbelgeneralistslorlspecialistslinlmaternal–
infant,lpediatric,ladult,lorlpsychiatriclmentallhealthlnursing.lCommunity-
basedlnursinglemphasizeslacutelandlchroniclcareltolindividualslandlfamilies,lratherlthanlfocusingl
onlgroups,laggregates,lorlsystems.
2. Whichloflthelfollowinglbestldescribeslcommunity-orientedlnursing?
a. Focusinglonlthelprovisionloflcareltolindividualslandlfamilies
b. Providinglcareltolmanagelacutelorlchroniclconditions
c. Givingldirectl careltol illl inNdivR
iduaIls l wGithB
i n.thCeir M
family l setting
d. Havinglthelgoalloflhealthlpromotion UlSlN landldiseaselprevention
ANS:l D
Byldefinition,lcommunity-
orientedlnursinglhaslthelgoalloflpreserving,lprotecting,lorlmaintaininglhealthlandlpreventingldisea
seltolpromotelthelqualitylofllife.lAlllnurseslmaylfocuslonlindividualslandlfamilies,lgiveldirectlcarelt
olilllpersonslwithinltheirlfamilylsetting,landlhelplmanagelacutelorlchroniclconditions.lTheseldefinit
ionslarelnotlspecificltolcommunity-orientedlnursing.
3. Whichloflthelfollowinglislthelprimarylfocusloflpubliclhealthlnursing?
a. Familieslandlgroups
b. Illness-orientedl care
c. Individualslwithinlthelfamilylunit
d. Healthlcareloflcommunitieslandlpopulations
ANS:l D
Inlpubliclhealthlnursinglthelprimarylfocuslislonlthelhealthlcareloflcommunitieslandlpopulationslrat
herlthanlonlindividuals,lgroups,landlfamilies.lThelgoallisltolpreventldiseaselandlpreserve,lpromote,l
restore,landlprotectlhealthlforlthelcommunitylandlthelpopulationlwithinlit.lCommunity-
basedlnursesldeallprimarilylwithlillness-
orientedlcareloflindividualslandlfamilieslacorsslthellifelspan.lThelaimlisltolamanagelacutelandlchro
niclhealthlconditionslinlthelcommunity,landlthelfocusloflpracticelislonlindividuallorlfamily-
centeredlillnesslcare.
Aplus001
, 4. Whichloflthelfollowinglislresponsiblelforltheldramaticlincreaselinllifelexpectancylduringlthel20thl
century?
a. Technologylincreaseslinlthelfieldloflmedicalllaboratorylresearch
b. Advanceslinlsurgicalltechniqueslandlprocedures
c. Sanitationlandlotherlpopulation-basedlpreventionlprograms
d. Useloflantibioticsltolfightlinfections
ANS:l C
Improvementslinlcontrolloflinfectiousldiseaseslthroughlimmunizations,lsanitation,landlotherlpop
ulation-
basedlpreventionlprogramslledltolthelincreaselinllifelexpectancylfromllesslthanl50lyearslinl1900ltol
morelthanl78lyearslinl2013.lAlthoughlpeoplelarelexcitedlwhenlalnewldruglisldiscoveredlthatlcuresl
aldiseaselorlwhenlalnewlwayltoltransplantlorganslislperfected,litlislimportantltolknowlaboutlthelsig
nificantlgainslinlthelhealthloflpopulationslthatlhavelcomellargelylfromlpubliclhealthlaccomplishm
ents.
5. Alnurselisldevelopinglalplanltoldecreaselthelnumberloflprematureldeathslinlthelcommunity.lWhi
chloflthelfollowinglinterventionslwouldlmostllikelylbelimplementedlbylthelnurse?
a. Increaselthelcommunity’slknowledgelaboutlhospicelcare.
b. Promotelhealthyllifestylelbehaviorlchoiceslamonglthelcommunitylmembers.
c. Encouragelemployersltolhavelwellnesslcenterslatleachlindustriallsite.
d. Ensureltimelylandleffectivelmedicallinterventionlandltreatmentlforlcommunitylme
mbers.
ANS:l B
Publiclhealthlapproacheslcouldlhelplpreventlprematureldeathslbylinfluencinglthelwaylpeopleleat,ld
rink,ldrive,lengagelinlexercise,landltreatlthelenvironment.lIncreasinglknowledgeloflhospicelcare,le
ncouraginglon-sitelwellnesslcenters,landlensuringltimelyltreatmentloflmedical
conditionsldolnotladdressltheNfU
ocR
usSoIf N
imGpT
roBv.
inC o vMe r a l l lhealthlthroughlhealthlpromotionlstrategi
glO
es.lThislislthelmajorlmethodlthatlislsuggestedltoldecreaselthelincidenceloflpremature
death.
6. Whichloflthelfollowinglislalbasiclassumptionloflpubliclhealthlefforts?
a. Healthldisparitieslamonglanylgroupslarelmorallylandllegallylwrong.
b. Healthlcarelislthelmostlimportantlprioritylinlgovernmentlplanninglandlfunding.
c. Thelhealthloflindividualslcannotlbelseparatedlfromlthelhealthloflthelcommunity.
d. ThelgovernmentlislresponsiblelforllengtheninglthellifelspanloflAmericans.
ANS:l C
Publiclhealthlpracticelfocuseslonlthelcommunitylaslalwhole,landltheleffectl oflthelcommunity’slhea
lthlstatusl(resources)lonlthelhealthloflindividuals,lfamilies,landlgroups.lThelgoallisltolpreventldisea
selandldisabilitylandlpromotelandlprotectlthelhealthloflthelcommunitylaslalwhole.lPubliclhealthlcanl
beldescribedlaslwhatlsocietylcollectivelyldoesltolensurelthatlconditionslexistlinlwhichlpeoplelcanlb
elhealthy.lThelbasiclassumptionsloflpubliclhealthldolnotljudgelthelmoralityloflhealthldisparities.lTh
elfocuslislonlpreventionloflillnesslnotlonlspendinglmorelonlillnesslcare.lAdditionally,lindividuallres
ponsibilitylforlmakinglhealthylchoiceslisltheldirectivelforllengtheningllifelspanlnotlthelroleloflthelg
overnment.
7. Whichloflthelfollowinglactionslwouldlmostllikelylbelperformedlbylalpubliclhealthlnurse?
a. Askinglcommunitylleaderslwhatlinterventionslshouldlbelchosen
b. Assessinglthelcommunitylandldecidinglonlappropriatelinterventions
c. Usingldatalfromlthelmainlhealthlcarelinstitutionslinlthelcommunityltoldetermine
Aplus001
, neededlhealthlservices
d. Workinglwithlcommunitylgroupsltolcreatelpoliciesltolimprovelthelenvironment
ANS:l D
Althoughlthelpubliclhealthlnurselmightlengagelinlanylofltheltasksllisted,lhelorlshelworkslprimarilyl
withlmembersloflthelcommunityltolcarryloutlcorelpubliclhealthlfunctions,lincludinglassessmentlofl
thelpopulationlaslalwholelandlengaginglinlpromotinglhealthlandlimprovinglthelenvironment.lTheli
nterventionsloflaskinglcommunitylleaderslwhichlinterventionslshouldlbelchosen,lasessinglthelco
mmunitylandldecidinglonlappropriatelinterventions,landlusingldatalfromlhealthlcarelinstitutionsld
olnotldemonstratelthelengagementloflthelcommunitylwhenlmakingldecisionslaboutlwhatlthelcom
munitylactuallylwantslandlneeds.
8. Whichloflthelfollowinglpubliclhealthlnurseslmostlclearlylfulfillslthelresponsibilitiesloflthislrole
?
a. Thelnurselwholmetlwithlseverall groupsltoldiscusslcommunitylrecreationlissues
b. Thelnurselwholspentltheldaylattendinglmeetingsloflvariouslhealthlagencies
c. Thelnurselwholtalkedltolseverallpeoplelaboutltheirlparticularlhealthlconcerns
d. Thelnurselwholwatchedlthelcitylcouncillmeetinglonllocallcableltelevision
ANS:l B
Anylofltheseldescriptionslmightlrepresentlalnurselcommunicating,lcooperating,lorlcollaboratingl
withlcommunitylresidentslorlgroupslaboutlhealthlconcerns.lHowever,lthelnurselwholspentlthelday
lattendinglmeetingsloflvariouslhealthlagencieslislthelmostlrepresentative,lbecauselinlpubliclhealth
,lconcernslareladdressedlfromlalbroaderlperspective.lInlpubliclhealth,lbroadlconcernsloflthelcomm
unitylshouldlbeladdressed.lConcernslarelbroaderlthanlrecreation,lindividuallconcernslarelnotlasli
mportantlaslaggregatelpriorities,landlwatchingltelevisionl(alone-
waylformloflcommunication)lisllessleffectivelthanlinteractinglwithlothers.
9. Whichloflthelfollowinglbestldefineslaggregate?
a. Allargelgrouploflpersons
b. Alcollectionloflindividualslandlfamilies
c. Alcollectionloflpeoplelwholsharelonelorlmorelcharacteristics
d. Anotherlnamelforldemographiclgroup
ANS:l C
Anlaggregatelisldefinedlalcollectionloflpeoplelwholsharelonelorlmorelpersonallorlenvironmentallc
haracteristics.lMembersloflalcommunitylcanlbeldefinedlinltermslofleitherlgeographyl(e.g.,lalcount
y,lalgrouploflcounties,lorlalstate)lorlalspeciallinterestl(e.g.,lchildrenlattendinglalparticularlschool).l
Theselmemberslmakeluplalpopulation.lTheltermlpopulationlmaylbelusedlinterchangeablylwithlthel
termlaggregate.lAllargelgrouploflpersons,lalcollectionloflindividualslandlfamilies,landlanotherlna
melforldemograhpiclgrouplarelnotlaccurateldefinitionslofltheltermlaggregate.
10. Alregisteredlnurselwasljustlemployedlaslalpubliclhealthlnurse.lWhichlquestionlwouldlbelthelmostl
relevantlforlthelnurseltolask?
a. “Whichlgroupslarelatlthelgreatestlrisklforlproblems?”
b. “Whichlpatientslshouldl Ilseelfirstlasl Ilbeginlmylday?”
c. “WithlwhichlphysicianslwilllIlbelmostlcloselylcollaborating?”
d. “WithlwhichlnursinglassistantslwilllIlpartnerlthelmost?”
ANS:l A
Aplus001
